서울행정법원 | 2022-07-22 | 2021구합70332
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교원 징계처분 취소청구 사건: 재량권 일탈·남용으로 인한 위법성 인정
결과 요약
- 회사가 근로자에 대하여 한 정직 3월 처분 취소청구 사건에 관한 결정을 취소함.
- 소송비용 중 보조참가로 인한 부분은 피고보조참가인이, 나머지 부분은 회사가 각 부담함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 C대학교 교수로, 2015. 10. 12.부터 2016. 11. 16.까지 교무처장으로 재직함.
- 참가인은 2016. 1. 15. 일반교원 6명에 대한 재임용을 거부하였으나, 회사는 소명기회 미부여 및 거부사유 명시의무 위반 등을 이유로 재임용 거부 취소 결정을 함.
- C대학교는 2016. 4. 1. 기준으로 교원확보율을 충족하지 못할 경우 교육부로부터 제재를 받게 될 상황이었음.
- 근로자는 교무처장으로서 2016학년도 전기 전임교원 특별채용 심사절차를 진행함.
- 참가인은 2019. 7. 5. 근로자를 해임하였으나, 회사는 2019. 10. 16. 징계양정 과중 등을 이유로 해임처분을 취소하는 결정을 함.
- 참가인은 2020. 12. 18. 근로자에게 정직 3월의 징계처분을 하였고, 회사는 2021. 3. 24. 근로자의 소청심사 청구를 기각하는 결정을 함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
이중처벌 및 일사부재리 원칙 위반 여부
- 관련 경고조치는 징계위원회의 의결 절차를 거치지 않았고, 인사기록카드 등에 기재되지 않았으며, 근로자에게 실질적인 불이익을 가하지 않았으므로 징계처분에 해당하지 않음.
- 따라서 해당 징계처분은 이중처벌에 해당하거나 일사부재리 원칙에 위배되지 않음.
제1징계사유(심사위원회 구성 법령 위반) 인정 여부
- 구 사립학교법이 교육공무원법의 개정을 뒤늦게 반영하여 법률 조항이 불일치하였으나, 교육공무원법의 실질적인 내용은 변경되지 않았음.
- 근로자는 법률 개정 경과를 살펴보거나 전문가의 조언을 얻어 법령 위반 사실을 알 수 있었으므로, 심사위원회 구성에 법령을 위반한 과실이 인정됨.
- 따라서 제1징계사유는 적법한 징계사유로 인정됨.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 구 사립학교법(2016. 5. 29. 법률 제13938호로 개정되기 전의 것) 제53조의5
- 교육공무원법 제11조 제4항, 제5항, 제6항, 제11조의2, 제11조의3
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제6부 판결
사건: 2021구합70332 교원소청심사위원회결정취소 원고: A 소송대리인 법무법인(유한) 강남 담당변호사 황혜련 피고: 교원소청심사위원회 소송대리인 정부법무공단 담당변호사 김상찬 피고보조참가인: 학교법인 B 소송대리인 법무법인 수륜아시아 담당변호사 정은숙 변론종결: 2022. 5. 13. 판결선고: 2022. 7. 22.
1. 피고가 2021. 3. 24. 원고와 피고보조참가인 사이의 2021-28 정직 3월 처분 취소청구 사건에 관하여 한 결정을 취소한다. 2. 소송비용 중 보조참가로 인한 부분은 피고보조참가인이, 나머지 부분은 피고가 각 부담한다.
1. 결정의 경위 가. 당사자의 지위 1) 원고는 2003. 3. 1. 피고보조참가인(이하 '참가인'이라 한다)이 설치 . 운영하는 C대학교의 전임강사로 신규 임용된 후 2015. 4. 1. 교수로 승진하였다. 2) 원고는 2015. 10. 12.부터 2016. 11. 16.까지 C대학교 교원 인사업무의 주무부 서장인 교무처장 직을 수행하였다. 나. 일반교원 재임용 거부 1) 참가인은 2015. 12. 30. 일반교원 6명에게 재임용 부적격자임을 통지하고, 참가인의 이사회는 2016. 1. 15. 재임용을 거부하는 의결을 하였다(이하 '참가인의 재임용 거부'라 한다). 2) 피고는 2016. 3. 9. 및 2016. 4
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\uad50\uc721\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c11\uc870\uc7583 \uc81c2\ud56d\n### \uc81c3\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720(\uc804\uacf5 \ubd88\uc77c\uce58 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc790 \uc801\ud569 \ud310\uc815) \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- \uc601\ubb38\ud559/\uc601\uc5b4\ud559/\uc601\uc5b4\uad50\uc721 \ubd84\uc57c \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc790 H\uc758 \uc804\uacf5\uc740 \uc2ec\ub9ac\ud559\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c0\uc6d0 \ubd84\uc57c\uc640 \uc804\ud600 \ub2ec\ub790\uc74c.\n- H\uc758 ESL \uac15\uc0ac \uacbd\ub825\uc740 \uacbd\ub825 \ud56d\ubaa9\uc5d0 \uac00\uc810\uc744 \uc904 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ub098 \ud559\uc704 \ud56d\ubaa9\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce60 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294\ub370\ub3c4, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud559\uc704 \ud56d\ubaa9\uc5d0 \ucd5c\uace0 \ub4f1\uae09\uc744 \ubd80\uc5ec\ud568.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uacf5\uc815\ud55c \uc2ec\uc0ac\ub97c \ud560 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc81c3\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc801\ubc95\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50\ubc95 \uc81c53\uc870\uc7585\n- \uad50\uc721\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c11\uc870\uc7583 \uc81c2\ud56d\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \ud589\uc0ac\uac00 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc5b4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc704\ubc95\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc8fc\uc758\uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18 \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \ubb34\uac81\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, C\ub300\ud559\uad50\uc758 \uad50\uc6d0\ud655\ubcf4\uc728 \ucda9\uc871\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uae34\uae09\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2ec\uc0ac\uae30\uc900 \uc644\ud654 \uc555\ubc15\uc744 \ub290\uaf08\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uac1c\uc778\uc801\uc778 \uc774\ub4dd\uc774\ub098 \uc0ac\uc801\uc778 \uce5c\ubd84\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\ub97c \uc800\uc9c8\ub800\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc790\ub8cc\uac00 \uc5c6\uace0, \ud2b9\ubcc4\ucc44\uc6a9\ub41c \uad50\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc758 \uc790\uc9c8\uc774\ub098 \uc801\ud569\uc131\uc5d0 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uad50\uc721\ubd80 \uac10\uc0ac\uacb0\uacfc \ud1b5\ubcf4 \ud6c4 \uc57d 2\ub144 \uc774\uc0c1 \uacbd\uacfc\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758\uacb0\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud55c \uc810\ub3c4 \uace0\ub824\ub428.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\ub294 \uadf8 \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \uacbd\ubbf8\ud558\uace0 \uc8fc\uc758\uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18 \uc815\ub3c4\ub3c4 \uc57d\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ub428.\n- \uad6c \uad50\uc721\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uaddc\uce59\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 '\ube44\uc704\uc758 \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \uc57d\ud558\uace0 \uacbd\uacfc\uc2e4\uc778 \uacbd\uc6b0' \uac10\ubd09 \ub610\ub294 \uacac\ucc45\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub97c \ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uaddc\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4, \uc815\uc9c1 3\uc6d4\uc740 \uacfc\uc911\ud568.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc758 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc704\ubc95\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2000. 6. 9. \uc120\uace0 98\ub45016613 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uad6c \uad50\uc721\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uaddc\uce59(2017. 3. 24. \uad50\uc721\ubd80\ub839 \uc81c128\ud638\ub85c \uac1c\uc815\ub418\uae30 \uc804\uc758 \uac83) \uc81c2\uc870 [\ubcc4\ud45c] \uc81c1\ud638 (\ub9c8)\ubaa9\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ucc44\uc6a9 \uc2ec\uc0ac\uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uc55e\ub450\uace0 \ubc95\ubb34\ubc95\uc778\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubc95\ub960\uc790\ubb38\uc744 \ubc1b\uc558\uc73c\ub098, \uc2ec\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c \uad6c\uc131\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc758\uacac\uc740 \uc81c\uc2dc\ubc1b\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud568.\n- C\ub300\ud559\uad50\ub294 \uad50\uc6d0\ud655\ubcf4\uc728 \ubbf8\ucda9\uc871 \uc2dc \uc785\ud559\uc815\uc6d0 \uac10\ucd95\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uc81c\uc7ac\ub97c \ubc1b\uc744 \uc0c1\ud669\uc774\uc5c8\uc74c.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc5b4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ucde8\uc18c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uacbd\uc704, \ube44\uc704\uc758 \uc815\ub3c4, \uace0\uc758\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80, \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c \ub2ec\uc131\ud558\ub824\ub294 \ubaa9\uc801, \ub2e4\ub978 \uc720\uc0ac \uc0ac\ub840\uc640\uc758 \ud615\ud3c9\uc131 \ub4f1 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc694\uc18c\ub97c \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568.\n- \ubc95\ub839 \ud574\uc11d\uc758 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0, \uae30\uad00\uc758 \uae34\uae09\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669, \uac1c\uc778\uc801 \uc774\ub4dd \ucde8\ub4dd \uc5ec\ubd80 \ub4f1\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \ud310\ub2e8 \uc2dc \ucc38\uc791\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc694\uc18c\uc784\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c."}
- 교육공무원임용령 제4조의3 제3항, 제4항
제2징계사유(불공정한 서류심사 평가) 인정 여부
- 근로자는 최초 서류심사와 재공고 서류심사 사이에 D, E, F의 평가 등급을 상향 조정하였으나, 지원자들의 학위, 연구실적, 경력, 학과발전계획서 내용 등에 실질적인 변경이 없었음.
- C대학교의 교원 충원 시급성만으로 동일 지원자에 대한 평가 등급을 상향할 합리적인 근거가 부족함.
- 따라서 근로자는 객관적이고 공정한 심사를 할 의무를 위반하였으므로, 제2징계사유는 적법한 징계사유로 인정됨.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 사립학교법 제53조의5
- 교육공무원법 제11조의3 제2항
제3징계사유(전공 불일치 지원자 적합 판정) 인정 여부
- 영문학/영어학/영어교육 분야 지원자 H의 전공은 심리학으로 지원 분야와 전혀 달랐음.
- H의 ESL 강사 경력은 경력 항목에 가점을 줄 수 있으나 학위 항목에 영향을 미칠 수 없는데도, 근로자는 학위 항목에 최고 등급을 부여함.
- 따라서 근로자는 객관적이고 공정한 심사를 할 의무를 위반하였으므로, 제3징계사유는 적법한 징계사유로 인정됨.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 사립학교법 제53조의5
- 교육공무원법 제11조의3 제2항
징계양정의 적정 여부
- 징계권자의 재량권 행사가 사회통념상 현저하게 타당성을 잃어 재량권을 남용한 경우 위법함.
- 근로자의 주의의무 위반 정도가 무겁지 않고, C대학교의 교원확보율 충족이라는 긴급한 상황에서 심사기준 완화 압박을 느꼈을 것으로 보임.
- 근로자가 개인적인 이득이나 사적인 친분을 이유로 비위행위를 저질렀다고 볼 자료가 없고, 특별채용된 교원들의 자질이나 적합성에 문제가 발생하지 않음.
- 참가인이 교육부 감사결과 통보 후 약 2년 이상 경과하여 징계의결을 요구한 점도 고