부산지방법원 | 2015-08-19 | 2014노4422,2015노1266(병합)
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
근로기준법 위반 및 명예훼손 사건: 퇴직금 미지급 및 허위사실 적시 명예훼손 유죄 판결
결과 요약
- 원심판결들을 파기하고, 피고인에게 벌금 3,000,000원을 선고함.
- 벌금 미납 시 100,000원을 1일로 환산한 기간 노역장에 유치하고, 벌금에 상당한 금액의 가납을 명함.
사실관계
- 피고인은 D에 대한 퇴직금 및 해고예고수당을 미지급함.
- 피고인은 D의 아파트 관리비 횡령 주장 및 관련자들의 위법행위를 주장하는 게시물을 부착하여 D, E, F, G의 명예를 훼손함.
- 제1 1심 판결은 근로기준법 위반에 대해 벌금 50만원을, 제2 1심 판결은 명예훼손에 대해 벌금 300만원을 선고함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
근로기준법 위반 (퇴직금 및 해고예고수당 미지급)
- 쟁점: 피고인이 D에 대한 퇴직금 및 해고예고수당을 지급하지 않은 것이 정당한지 여부.
- 법리:
- 근로자에 대한 임금은 직접 전액을 지급해야 하며, 초과지급된 임금 반환채권을 제외하고는 사용자가 근로자에 대해 가지는 대출금이나 불법행위 채권으로 임금채권과 상계할 수 없음.
- 사용자는 정당한 이유 없이 근로자를 해고할 수 없으며, 해고 시 30일 전 예고하거나 30일분 이상의 통상임금을 지급해야 함. 다만, 천재·사변 등 부득이한 사유 또는 근로자가 고의로 사업에 막대한 지장을 초래하거나 재산상 손해를 끼친 경우 예외가 인정됨.
- 법원의 판단:
- 피고인이 주장하는 D의 아파트 관리비 횡령 관련 채권은 불법행위에 기한 손해배상채권이므로 퇴직금채권과 상계할 수 없음.
- D의 아파트 관리비 횡령 혐의에 대해 '혐의없음' 불기소처분이 내려졌고, 달리 횡령을 인정할 자료가 없어 해고 예고의 예외가 되는 근로자의 귀책사유가 있다고 보기 어려움.
- 따라서 피고인이 D에게 퇴직금 및 해고예고수당을 지급하지 않을 정당한 사유가 없다고 판단하여 피고인의 사실오인 주장을 배척함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 1999. 7. 13. 선고 99도2168 판결 (임금채권 상계 불가)
- 근로기준법 제23조 제1항 (정당한 이유 없는 해고 금지)
- 근로기준법 제26조 (해고 예고)
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
원심판결들을 모두 파기한다. 피고인을 벌금 3,000,000원에 처한다. 피고인이 위 벌금을 납입하지 아니하는 경우 100,000원을 1일로 환산한 기간 피고인을 노역장에 유치한다. 위 벌금에 상당한 금액의 가납을 명한다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc704\ubc18 \ubc0f \uba85\uc608\ud6fc\uc190 \uc0ac\uac74: \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \ubc0f \ud5c8\uc704\uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc801\uc2dc \uba85\uc608\ud6fc\uc190 \uc720\uc8c4 \ud310\uacb0\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \uc6d0\uc2ec\ud310\uacb0\ub4e4\uc744 \ud30c\uae30\ud558\uace0, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \ubc8c\uae08 3,000,000\uc6d0\uc744 \uc120\uace0\ud568.\n- \ubc8c\uae08 \ubbf8\ub0a9 \uc2dc 100,000\uc6d0\uc744 1\uc77c\ub85c \ud658\uc0b0\ud55c \uae30\uac04 \ub178\uc5ed\uc7a5\uc5d0 \uc720\uce58\ud558\uace0, \ubc8c\uae08\uc5d0 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uae08\uc561\uc758 \uac00\ub0a9\uc744 \uba85\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 D\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ubc0f \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9\uc744 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 D\uc758 \uc544\ud30c\ud2b8 \uad00\ub9ac\ube44 \ud6a1\ub839 \uc8fc\uc7a5 \ubc0f \uad00\ub828\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc704\ubc95\ud589\uc704\ub97c \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \uac8c\uc2dc\ubb3c\uc744 \ubd80\ucc29\ud558\uc5ec D, E, F, G\uc758 \uba85\uc608\ub97c \ud6fc\uc190\ud568.\n- \uc81c1 \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc704\ubc18\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ubc8c\uae08 50\ub9cc\uc6d0\uc744, \uc81c2 \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc740 \uba85\uc608\ud6fc\uc190\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ubc8c\uae08 300\ub9cc\uc6d0\uc744 \uc120\uace0\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc704\ubc18 (\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ubc0f \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09)\n- **\uc7c1\uc810**: \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 D\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ubc0f \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uac83\uc774 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80.\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**:\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc784\uae08\uc740 \uc9c1\uc811 \uc804\uc561\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud574\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \ucd08\uacfc\uc9c0\uae09\ub41c \uc784\uae08 \ubc18\ud658\ucc44\uad8c\uc744 \uc81c\uc678\ud558\uace0\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uac00\uc9c0\ub294 \ub300\ucd9c\uae08\uc774\ub098 \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704 \ucc44\uad8c\uc73c\ub85c \uc784\uae08\ucc44\uad8c\uacfc \uc0c1\uacc4\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc774 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \ud574\uace0\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc73c\uba70, \ud574\uace0 \uc2dc 30\uc77c \uc804 \uc608\uace0\ud558\uac70\ub098 30\uc77c\ubd84 \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \ud1b5\uc0c1\uc784\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud574\uc57c \ud568. \ub2e4\ub9cc, \ucc9c\uc7ac\u00b7\uc0ac\ubcc0 \ub4f1 \ubd80\ub4dd\uc774\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720 \ub610\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uace0\uc758\ub85c \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc5d0 \ub9c9\ub300\ud55c \uc9c0\uc7a5\uc744 \ucd08\ub798\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc190\ud574\ub97c \ub07c\uce5c \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc608\uc678\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 D\uc758 \uc544\ud30c\ud2b8 \uad00\ub9ac\ube44 \ud6a1\ub839 \uad00\ub828 \ucc44\uad8c\uc740 \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \uae30\ud55c \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1\ucc44\uad8c\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08\ucc44\uad8c\uacfc \uc0c1\uacc4\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- D\uc758 \uc544\ud30c\ud2b8 \uad00\ub9ac\ube44 \ud6a1\ub839 \ud610\uc758\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 '\ud610\uc758\uc5c6\uc74c' \ubd88\uae30\uc18c\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \ub0b4\ub824\uc84c\uace0, \ub2ec\ub9ac \ud6a1\ub839\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc790\ub8cc\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5b4 \ud574\uace0 \uc608\uace0\uc758 \uc608\uc678\uac00 \ub418\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uadc0\ucc45\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 D\uc5d0\uac8c \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ubc0f \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc5ec \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc624\uc778 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \ubc30\ucc99\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1999. 7. 13. \uc120\uace0 99\ub3c42168 \ud310\uacb0 (\uc784\uae08\ucc44\uad8c \uc0c1\uacc4 \ubd88\uac00)\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d (\uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\ub294 \ud574\uace0 \uae08\uc9c0)\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c26\uc870 (\ud574\uace0 \uc608\uace0)\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c4\uc870\uc758 [\ubcc4\ud45c] (\ud574\uace0 \uc608\uace0\uc758 \uc608\uc678 \uc0ac\uc720)\n### \uba85\uc608\ud6fc\uc190 (\ud5c8\uc704\uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc801\uc2dc)\n- **\uc7c1\uc810**: \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \uac8c\uc2dc\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774 \uc9c4\uc2e4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774\uac70\ub098 \uacf5\uacf5\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uac83\uc774\uc5b4\uc11c \uc704\ubc95\uc131\uc774 \uc870\uac01\ub418\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80.\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c310\uc870\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc9c4\uc2e4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\ub85c\uc11c \uc624\ub85c\uc9c0 \uacf5\uacf5\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \uc704\ubc95\uc131\uc774 \uc870\uac01\ub428.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- 2014. 2. 23.\uc790 \uac8c\uc2dc\ubb3c: D\uc774 \uad00\ub9ac\ube44 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub0b4\uc5ed \uacf5\uac1c\ub97c \uac70\ubd80\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ud68c\uacc4\uac10\uc0ac\ub97c \uac70\ubd80\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740 \uc9c4\uc2e4\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\uba70, \ub2e8\uc9c0 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \uc694\uad6c\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc758 \ud68c\uacc4\ucc98\ub9ac\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\uc5c8\uc744 \ubfd0\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \uc9c4\uc2e4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774\ub77c\uac70\ub098 \uacf5\uacf5\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- 2014. 6. 10.\uc790 \uac8c\uc2dc\ubb3c: D, E\uc774 \ud5c8\uc704\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc9c4\uc220\ud558\uace0 \ubb38\uc11c\ub97c \uc704\uc870\ud558\uc5ec \ud5c8\uc704 \uace0\uc18c\ub97c \ud588\ub2e4\uac70\ub098 D\uc774 \uad00\ub9ac\ube44\ub97c \ud6a1\ub839\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc790\ub8cc\uc5d0 \uadfc\uac70\ud55c \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\uba70, D\uc758 \ud6a1\ub839 \ud610\uc758\ub294 '\ud610\uc758\uc5c6\uc74c' \ucc98\ubd84\ub418\uc5c8\uace0 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc704\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \uc57d\uc2dd\uba85\ub839\uc744 \ubc1b\uc558\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uc9c4\uc2e4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774\ub77c\uac70\ub098 \uacf5\uacf5\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc624\uc778 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \ubc30\ucc99\ud558\uace0 \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc758 \uc720\uc8c4 \ud310\ub2e8\uc774 \uc815\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c307\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d (\ud5c8\uc704\uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc801\uc2dc \uba85\uc608\ud6fc\uc190)\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c310\uc870 (\uc704\ubc95\uc131 \uc870\uac01 \uc0ac\uc720)\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc778 D\uc758 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ubc0f \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \ud5c8\uc704 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc801\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec D, E, F, G\uc758 \uba85\uc608\ub97c \ud6fc\uc190\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c, \uadf8 \ubc94\ud589 \uc218\ubc95\uacfc \ub0b4\uc6a9 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \uc8c4\uc9c8\uc774 \ubd88\ub7c9\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \uc218\uc0ac\uae30\uad00\uc5d0\uc11c\ubd80\ud130 \ub2f9\uc2ec\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \uc798\ubabb\uc744 \ubc18\uc131\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 D \uce21\uc758 \uc704\ubc95\ud589\uc704\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc0ac\uac74\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n- \ud53c\ud574\uc790\ub4e4\uacfc\uc758 \ud569\uc758 \ub610\ub294 \ud53c\ud574 \ud68c\ubcf5\uc774 \uc81c\ub300\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ub2e4\ub9cc, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \uc544\ud30c\ud2b8 \uad00\ub9ac \ubc0f \uad00\ub9ac\ube44 \uc815\uc0b0 \ubb38\uc81c\ub85c D \uce21\uacfc \uac08\ub4f1\uc744 \ube5a\ub2e4\uac00 D\uc744 \ud574\uace0\ud558\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc94\ud589\uc5d0 \uc774\ub978 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc5ec \uadf8 \uacbd\uc704\uc5d0 \ub2e4\uc18c \ucc38\uc791\ud560 \ub9cc\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \ub3d9\uc885 \ubc94\uc8c4\ub85c \ucc98\ubc8c\ubc1b\uc740 \uc804\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \uc784\uae08\ucc44\uad8c\uc758 \ud2b9\uc218\uc131\uacfc \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131 \uc694\uac74\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc784\uae08\ucc44\uad8c\uc744 \ub2e4\ub978 \ucc44\uad8c\uacfc \uc0c1\uacc4\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud568.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \uba85\uc608\ud6fc\uc190\uc8c4\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc801\uc2dc\uc758 \uc9c4\uc2e4\uc131 \ubc0f \uacf5\uacf5\uc758 \uc774\uc775 \ud310\ub2e8 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uba70, \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \uac1c\uc778\uc801\uc778 \ubd88\ub9cc\uc774\ub098 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc5d0 \uadfc\uac70\ud55c \ud5c8\uc704 \uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc720\ud3ec\ub294 \uc704\ubc95\uc131\uc774 \uc870\uac01\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud568.\n- \uacbd\ud569\ubc94 \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ubc94\uc8c4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ub2e8\uc77c\ud55c \uc120\uace0\ud615\uc73c\ub85c \ucc98\ub2e8\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ud615\ubc95\uc0c1 \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud558\uba70, \uc6d0\uc2ec\ud310\uacb0\uc758 \uc9c1\uad8c \ud30c\uae30 \uc0ac\uc720\ub97c \uba85\uc2dc\ud568."}
- 근로기준법 시행규칙 제4조의 [별표] (해고 예고의 예외 사유)
명예훼손 (허위사실 적시)
- 쟁점: 피고인이 게시한 내용이 진실한 사실이거나 공공의 이익을 위한 것이어서 위법성이 조각되는지 여부.
- 법리: 형법 제310조에 따라 진실한 사실로서 오로지 공공의 이익에 관한 때에는 위법성이 조각됨.
- 법원의 판단:
- 2014. 2. 23.자 게시물: D이 관리비 사용내역 공개를 거부하거나 회계감사를 거부했다는 내용은 진실이 아니며, 단지 피고인이 요구하는 방식의 회계처리가 아니었을 뿐이므로 진실한 사실이라거나 공공의 이익을 위한 것이라고 볼 수 없음.
- 2014. 6. 10.자 게시물: D, E이 허위사실을 진술하고 문서를 위조하여 허위 고소를 했다거나 D이 관리비를 횡령했다는 내용은 객관적인 자료에 근거한 주장이 아니며, D의 횡령 혐의는 '혐의없음' 처분되었고 피고인은 근로기준법 위반으로 약식명령을 받았으므로 진실한 사실이라거나 공공의 이익을 위한 것이라고 볼 수 없음.
- 따라서 피고인의 사실오인 주장을 배척하고 원심의 유죄 판단이 정당하다고 인정함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 형법 제307조 제2항 (허위사실 적시 명예훼손)
- 형법 제310조 (위법성 조각 사유)
참고사실
- 피고인이 근로자인 D의 퇴직금 및 해고예고수당을 지급하지 않고, 허위 사실을 적시하여 D, E, F, G의 명예를 훼손한 것으로, 그 범행 수법과 내용 등에 비추어 죄질이 불량함.
- 피고인이 수사기관에서부터 당심에 이르기까지 자신의 잘못을 반성하지 않고 D 측의 위법행위로 인해 사건이 발생했다고 주장함.
- 피해자들과의 합의 또는 피해 회복이 제대로 이루어지지 않음.
- 다만, 피고인이 아파트 관리 및 관리비 정산 문제로 D 측과 갈등을