서울행정법원 | 2020-07-23 | 2019구합90470
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
부당정직 구제 재심판정 취소 청구 사건
결과 요약
- 중앙노동위원회의 재심판정은 위법하여 취소함.
- 근로자의 B에 대한 정직 1월 징계처분은 부당징계에 해당하지 아니함.
사실관계
- B는 1994. 6. 10. 해당 회사에 입사한 직원임.
- 근로자는 2019. 2. 28. B에게 정직 1월의 징계처분을 통지하였고, B가 재심청구를 하지 않아 2019. 4. 1. 징계처분이 시행됨.
- B는 2019. 4. 22. 경기지방노동위원회에 부당정직 구제신청을 하였으나 기각됨.
- B는 2019. 7. 31. 중앙노동위원회에 재심신청을 하였고, 중앙노동위원회는 2019. 11. 18. 일부 징계사유는 정당하지 않고 징계양정이 과도하다는 이유로 초심판정을 취소하고 구제신청을 인용하는 재심판정을 함.
- 근로자는 중앙노동위원회의 재심판정이 위법하다며 취소 소송을 제기함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
징계사유의 정당성 여부
- 제1 징계사유(상사폭행)의 정당성: B가 상사 D의 몸을 밀치고 옷깃을 잡아당겨 명찰을 뜯은 행위는 취업규칙 제64조 제3호(상사의 정당한 업무지시에 정당한 사유 없이 불복하여 직장의 규율을 문란케 한 자) 및 제5호(폭행, 협박, 문서위조 및 변조 등의 행위로써 직장규율을 문란케 한 자)에 해당하는 정당한 징계사유로 인정됨.
- 제2 징계사유(무단이탈)의 정당성: B가 소속장의 허가 없이 근무지를 이탈한 행위는 취업규칙 제17조 제8호(소속장의 허가 없이 자기 근무지를 함부로 이탈하지 말 것)를 위반한 정당한 징계사유로 인정됨.
- 제3 징계사유(기물파손)의 정당성: B가 원고 소유의 고무나무와 나무 상단 꽃 부분을 커터칼로 자른 행위는 취업규칙 제17조 제9호(회사의 재산과 시설물을 보호하고 자재, 소모품, 기타 물품을 절약하며, 사용(私用) 을 위해서 회사의 물품을 사용치 말 것)를 위반한 정당한 징계사유로 인정됨.
- 제4 징계사유(지시불이행) 중 책장 이동 및 퇴근 거부의 정당성: B가 상사의 지시를 불이행하고 퇴근을 거부한 행위는 취업규칙 제64조 제3호(상사의 정당한 업무지시에 정당한 사유 없이 불복하여 직장의 규율을 문란케 한 자)를 위반한 정당한 징계사유로 인정됨.
- 제4 징계사유(지시불이행) 중 근태입력 지시 불이행의 정당성: B가 근태 입력을 지연한 사실은 인정되나, 전산팀에 서비스 문의를 한 내용 등을 고려할 때 고의에 기한 행동으로 단정하기 어려워 상사의 정당한 업무지시에 '정당한 사유 없이' 불복하였다고 볼 수 없어 정당한 징계사유에 해당하지 아니함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 취업규칙 제17조(복무규율) 제8호(소속장의 허가 없이 자기 근무지를 함부로 이탈하지 말 것)
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제13부 판결
사건: 2019구합90470 부당정직구제재심판정취소 원고: A 주식회사 소송대리인 법무법인(유한) 광장 담당변호사 진창수, 노재인 피고: 중앙노동위원회 위원장 변론종결: 2020. 5. 14. 판결선고: 2020. 7. 23.
1. 중앙노동위원회가 2019. 11. 18. 원고와 B 사이의 C A 주식회사 부당정직 구제 재심신청 사건에 관하여 한 재심판정을 취소한다. 2. 소송비용은 피고가 부담한다.
1. 주문 기재 재심판정(이하 '이 사건 재심판정 , 이라 한다)의 경위 가. B는 1994. 6. 10. 원고에 입사한 자이다. B의 입사 이래 주요 보직을 정리하면 다음 표 기재 내용과 같다(갑 제4호증). <table_bc id="2_1" src="20211202/9d75ed09964e0cad_table_1.jpg" width="1295" height="553" x_position="178" y_position="457" /> 나. 원고는 2019. 2. 28. B에게 '징계위원회가 2019. 2. 26. B에 대하여 정직 1월의 징계처분을 의결하였다'고 통지하였고, B가 재심청구를 하지 아니함에 따라 위 징계처분
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B\uc5d0\uac8c \uc815\uc9c1 1\uc6d4\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ud1b5\uc9c0\ud558\uc600\uace0, B\uac00 \uc7ac\uc2ec\uccad\uad6c\ub97c \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 2019. 4. 1. \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc2dc\ud589\ub428.\n- B\ub294 2019. 4. 22. \uacbd\uae30\uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \ubd80\ub2f9\uc815\uc9c1 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098 \uae30\uac01\ub428.\n- B\ub294 2019. 7. 31. \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc7ac\uc2ec\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 2019. 11. 18. \uc77c\ubd80 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc815\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc774 \uacfc\ub3c4\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ucd08\uc2ec\ud310\uc815\uc744 \ucde8\uc18c\ud558\uace0 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \uc778\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc7ac\uc2ec\ud310\uc815\uc744 \ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc758 \uc7ac\uc2ec\ud310\uc815\uc774 \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uba70 \ucde8\uc18c \uc18c\uc1a1\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\uc81c1 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720(\uc0c1\uc0ac\ud3ed\ud589)\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131**: B\uac00 \uc0c1\uc0ac D\uc758 \ubab8\uc744 \ubc00\uce58\uace0 \uc637\uae43\uc744 \uc7a1\uc544\ub2f9\uaca8 \uba85\ucc30\uc744 \ub72f\uc740 \ud589\uc704\ub294 **\ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c64\uc870 \uc81c3\ud638(\uc0c1\uc0ac\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc5c5\ubb34\uc9c0\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720 \uc5c6\uc774 \ubd88\ubcf5\ud558\uc5ec \uc9c1\uc7a5\uc758 \uaddc\uc728\uc744 \ubb38\ub780\ucf00 \ud55c \uc790) \ubc0f \uc81c5\ud638(\ud3ed\ud589, \ud611\ubc15, \ubb38\uc11c\uc704\uc870 \ubc0f \ubcc0\uc870 \ub4f1\uc758 \ud589\uc704\ub85c\uc368 \uc9c1\uc7a5\uaddc\uc728\uc744 \ubb38\ub780\ucf00 \ud55c \uc790)\uc5d0 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\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- **\uc81c4 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720(\uc9c0\uc2dc\ubd88\uc774\ud589) \uc911 \uadfc\ud0dc\uc785\ub825 \uc9c0\uc2dc \ubd88\uc774\ud589\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131**: B\uac00 \uadfc\ud0dc \uc785\ub825\uc744 \uc9c0\uc5f0\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc740 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub098, \uc804\uc0b0\ud300\uc5d0 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ubb38\uc758\ub97c \ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c \uace0\uc758\uc5d0 \uae30\ud55c \ud589\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e8\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6cc **\uc0c1\uc0ac\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc5c5\ubb34\uc9c0\uc2dc\uc5d0 '\uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720 \uc5c6\uc774' \ubd88\ubcf5\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5b4** \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c17\uc870(\ubcf5\ubb34\uaddc\uc728) \uc81c8\ud638(\uc18c\uc18d\uc7a5\uc758 \ud5c8\uac00 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\uc9c1\uc7a5\uaddc\uc728\uc744 \ubb38\ub780\ucf00 \ud55c \uc790)\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\uc815\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc5b4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \ub0a8\uc6a9\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ud55c\ud558\uc5ec \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc9d5\uacc4 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uba85\ubc31\ud788 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc81c1 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720(\uc0c1\uc0ac\ud3ed\ud589)\ub294 \ube44\uc704\uc758 \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \ubb34\uac70\uc6b0\uba70, **\uc0c1\uc0ac\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc \uac70\ubd80 \ubc0f \ud3ed\ud589\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c1\uc7a5 \uc9c8\uc11c\ub97c \ubb38\ub780\ucf00 \ud55c \ud589\uc704**\ub85c, \uc7ac\ubc1c \ubc29\uc9c0 \ubc0f \uc9c1\uc7a5 \uc9c8\uc11c \ud655\ub9bd\uc744 \uc704\ud574 \uc5c4\ud788 \ucc98\ubc8c\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc774 \uc788\uc74c.\n- B\uac00 \uc801\uc751\uc7a5\uc560, \uc6b0\uc6b8\uc99d \uce58\ub8cc \uc804\ub825\uc774 \uc788\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc815\uc9c1 1\uc6d4\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uac00 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uba85\ubc31\ud788 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ub2e4\ub978 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \ube44\uc704 \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \ube44\uad50\uc801 \ub0ae\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc81c1 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc640 \ub354\ud558\uc5ec \ubcfc \ub54c \uc815\uc9c1 1\uc6d4\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uac00 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uba85\ubc31\ud788 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- B\uc758 \ub3d9\ub8cc \uc9c1\uc6d0 \ud3c9\uac00\ub97c \ubcf4\uba74 \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \uc131\uc2e4\ud788 \uc218\ud589\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6cc \uc591\uc815\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc791\ud560 \ub9cc\ud55c \uc720\ub9ac\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \ucc3e\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc815\uc9c1\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uba85\ubc31\ud788 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc758 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub09c \uc704\ubc95\ud55c \ucc98\ubd84\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2017. 3. 15. \uc120\uace0 2013\ub45026750 \ud310\uacb0\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- B\ub294 2011. 12. 16.\ubd80\ud130 R\uc815\uc2e0\uacfc\uc758\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc801\uc751\uc7a5\uc560, \uc6b0\uc6b8\uc99d \uc5d0\ud53c\uc18c\ub4dc \uc9c4\ub2e8\uc744 \ubc1b\uc558\uace0, 2019. 9.\uacbd\ubd80\ud130 S\ubcd1\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc801\uc751\uc7a5\uc560 \uc9c4\ub2e8 \ubc0f \uc815\uc2e0\uc57d\ubb3c\uce58\ub8cc\ub97c \ubc1b\uc544\uc634.\n- B\uc758 \ub3d9\ub8cc \uc9c1\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc740 B\uac00 \ud3c9\uc18c \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \uc131\uc2e4\ud788 \uc218\ud589\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc9c4\uc220\ud568.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 **\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uac1c\ubcc4\uc801 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uacfc \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc885\ud569\uc801 \ud310\ub2e8**\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uad6c\ubd84\ud558\uc5ec \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uc77c\ubd80 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc815\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 **\ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c**\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- **\uc0c1\uc0ac \ud3ed\ud589 \ubc0f \uc9c1\uc7a5 \uc9c8\uc11c \ubb38\ub780 \ud589\uc704**\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc5c4\uc911\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\uba70, \uc9c1\uc7a5 \ub0b4 \uaddc\uc728 \uc720\uc9c0\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568.\n- \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc758 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \ubb38\uc81c(\uc801\uc751\uc7a5\uc560, \uc6b0\uc6b8\uc99d)\uac00 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc791\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, **\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc911\ub300\uc131 \ubc0f \uae30\ud0c0 \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824**\ud560 \ub54c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud55c \uc810\uc740 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud560 \ub9cc\ud568."}
- 취업규칙 제17조(복무규율) 제9호[회사의 재산과 시설물을 보호하고 자재, 소모품, 기타 물품을 절약하며, 사용(私用) 을 위해서 회사의 물품을 사용치 말 것]
- 취업규칙 제64조(징계해고) 제3호(상사의 정당한 업무지시에 정당한 사유 없이 불복하여 직장의 규율을 문란케 한 자)
- 취업규칙 제64조(징계해고) 제5호(폭행, 협박, 문서위조 및 변조 등의 행위로써 직장규율을 문란케 한 자)
징계양정의 적정성 여부
- 법리: 징계권자의 징계처분이 사회통념상 현저하게 타당성을 잃어 재량권을 남용하였다고 인정되는 경우에 한하여 위법하다고 할 수 있으며, 징계 내용이 객관적으로 명백히 부당하다고 인정되어야 함.
- 법원의 판단:
- 제1 징계사유(상사폭행)는 비위의 정도가 무거우며, 상사의 지시 거부 및 폭행으로 직장 질서를 문란케 한 행위로, 재발 방지 및 직장 질서 확립을 위해 엄히 처벌할 필요성이 있음.
- B가 적응장애, 우울증 치료 전력이 있더라도 정직 1월의 징계가 객관적으로 명백히 부당하다고 보이지 않음.
- 다른 징계사유의 비위 정도가 비교적 낮더라도 제1 징계사유와 더하여 볼 때 정직 1월의 징계가 객관적으로 명백히 부당하다고 보이지 않음.