부산지방법원 | 2016-05-12 | 2015가합2082
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
업무상 재해 요양 중 해고의 무효 확인 및 미지급 임금 청구
결과 요약
- 회사의 근로자에 대한 해고 처분은 무효임을 확인하고, 회사는 근로자에게 미지급 임금 18,473,532원을 지급함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 2013. 6. 20. 회사에 입사하여 근무하던 중 2014. 1. 22. 업무상 사고로 양측 견관절 관절와순 파열상을 입음.
- 근로자는 2014. 2. 12.부터 2014. 3. 3.까지 B병원에 입원하여 치료를 받음.
- 근로자는 2014. 2. 27. 근로복지공단으로부터 요양기간 2014. 2. 12.부터 2014. 3. 4.까지로 요양·보험급여결정을 받음.
- 회사는 근로자가 요양기간 종료 후 출근하지 않자 2014. 3. 26. '개인사정으로 인한 자진퇴사'를 이유로 퇴직일을 2014. 3. 5.로 하여 고용보험 피보험자격 상실신고를 함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
회사가 근로자를 해고하였는지 여부
- 법리: 근로계약 종료 사유 중 해고는 근로자의 의사에 반하여 사용자의 일방적 의사에 의해 이루어지는 모든 근로계약관계의 종료를 의미함. 회사가 당연퇴직사유로 규정하고 절차를 달리했더라도 근로자의 의사와 관계없이 일방적으로 근로관계를 종료시키는 것이면 성질상 해고로서 근로기준법의 제한을 받음.
- 판단:
- 근로자가 회사에게 퇴직요청을 한 사실이 없음에도, 회사가 임의로 근로자를 퇴직처리하고 자진퇴사를 이유로 고용보험 피보험자격 상실신고를 한 것은 근로자의 의사에 반하는 사용자의 일방적 근로계약 종료이므로 해고에 해당함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 1993. 10. 26. 선고 92다54210 판결
회사의 해고가 유효한지 여부 (절차적 요건)
- 법리:
- 근로기준법 제23조 제2항 위반 여부: 사용자는 근로자가 업무상 부상 또는 질병의 요양을 위하여 휴업한 기간과 그 후 30일간은 해고할 수 없음. 요양을 위한 휴업 필요성은 업무상 부상 등의 정도, 치료과정, 업무 내용, 근로자의 용태 등 객관적 사정을 종합하여 판단함.
- 근로기준법 제27조 위반 여부: 사용자가 근로자를 해고하려면 해고사유와 해고시기를 서면으로 통지하여야 효력이 있음. 이는 해고의 존부 및 시기, 사유를 명확히 하여 분쟁 해결을 용이하게 하고 근로자가 해고에 적절히 대응할 수 있도록 하기 위함임.
- 판단:
- 업무상 질병 요양 휴업기간 중 해고: 근로자는 해고일인 2014. 3. 5.이 요양기간 종료 다음날이자 퇴원일로부터 불과 이틀이 지난 시점으로, 업무상 부상 요양을 위해 휴업이 필요한 기간에 해당함. 따라서 해당 해고는 근로기준법 제23조 제2항에 위반하여 무효임.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
부산지방법원 제6민사부 판결
사건: 2015가합2082 임금 원고: A 피고: 주식회사 엠에스가스 변론종결: 2016. 4. 7. 판결선고: 2016. 5. 12.
1. 피고의 원고에 대한 2014. 3. 5.자 해고처분은 무효임을 확인한다. 2. 피고는 원고에게 18,473,532원을 지급하라. 3. 원고의 나머지 청구를 기각한다. 4. 소송비용 중 3/5은 원고가, 나머지는 피고가 각 부담한다. 5. 제2항은 가집행할 수 있다.
1. 기초사실 가. 원고는 2013. 6. 20. 피고에 입사하여 근무하였는데, 2014. 1. 22. 거래처에 50L 질소통을 납품하던 중 빙판 계단에서 넘어지는 사고(이하 '이 사건 사고'라 한다)를 당하였다. 원고는 이 사건 사고로 양측 견관절 관절와순 파열상을 입어 2014. 2. 12.부터 2014. 3. 3.까지 B병원에 입원하여 치료를 받았다. 나. 원고는 2014. 2. 27. 근로복지공단으로부터 요양기간 2014. 2. 12.부터 2014. 3. 4.까지로 하여 요양·보험급여결정을 받았는데, 경추부 염좌 및 양측 견관절 염좌 및 근 육손상에 대해서는 산업재해 승인을 받았으나, 양측 견관절 관절와순 파열에
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'\uac1c\uc778\uc0ac\uc815\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc790\uc9c4\ud1f4\uc0ac'\ub97c \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ud1f4\uc9c1\uc77c\uc744 2014. 3. 5.\ub85c \ud558\uc5ec \uace0\uc6a9\ubcf4\ud5d8 \ud53c\ubcf4\ud5d8\uc790\uaca9 \uc0c1\uc2e4\uc2e0\uace0\ub97c \ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ud574\uace0\ud558\uc600\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uc885\ub8cc \uc0ac\uc720 \uc911 \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc77c\ubc29\uc801 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uad00\uacc4\uc758 \uc885\ub8cc\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud568. \ud68c\uc0ac\uac00 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uaddc\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \ub2ec\ub9ac\ud588\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc640 \uad00\uacc4\uc5c6\uc774 \uc77c\ubc29\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc885\ub8cc\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uba74 \uc131\uc9c8\uc0c1 \ud574\uace0\ub85c\uc11c \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc758 \uc81c\ud55c\uc744 \ubc1b\uc74c.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ud1f4\uc9c1\uc694\uccad\uc744 \ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4, \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc784\uc758\ub85c \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ud1f4\uc9c1\ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\uace0 \uc790\uc9c4\ud1f4\uc0ac\ub97c \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uace0\uc6a9\ubcf4\ud5d8 \ud53c\ubcf4\ud5d8\uc790\uaca9 \uc0c1\uc2e4\uc2e0\uace0\ub97c \ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc77c\ubc29\uc801 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uc885\ub8cc\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1993. 10. 26. \uc120\uace0 92\ub2e454210 \ud310\uacb0\n### 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\ud574\uace0\uc2dc\uae30\ub97c \uc11c\uba74\uc73c\ub85c \ud1b5\uc9c0\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \uc788\uc74c. \uc774\ub294 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc874\ubd80 \ubc0f \uc2dc\uae30, \uc0ac\uc720\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud558\uc5ec \ubd84\uc7c1 \ud574\uacb0\uc744 \uc6a9\uc774\ud558\uac8c \ud558\uace0 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \uc801\uc808\ud788 \ub300\uc751\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud568\uc784.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- **\uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc9c8\ubcd1 \uc694\uc591 \ud734\uc5c5\uae30\uac04 \uc911 \ud574\uace0**: \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud574\uace0\uc77c\uc778 2014. 3. 5.\uc774 \uc694\uc591\uae30\uac04 \uc885\ub8cc \ub2e4\uc74c\ub0a0\uc774\uc790 \ud1f4\uc6d0\uc77c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubd88\uacfc \uc774\ud2c0\uc774 \uc9c0\ub09c \uc2dc\uc810\uc73c\ub85c, \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ubd80\uc0c1 \uc694\uc591\uc744 \uc704\ud574 \ud734\uc5c5\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uae30\uac04\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \ubb34\ud6a8\uc784.\n- **\ud574\uace0\uc0ac\uc720 \uc11c\uba74 \ud1b5\uc9c0 \uc704\ubc18**: \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc2e0\uace0 \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ud574\uace0\uc0ac\uc720 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc11c\uba74\uc73c\ub85c \ud1b5\uc9c0\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0 \ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c27\uc870\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \ubb34\ud6a8\uc784.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d: \"\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ubd80\uc0c1 \ub610\ub294 \uc9c8\ubcd1\uc758 \uc694\uc591\uc744 \uc704\ud558\uc5ec \ud734\uc5c5\ud55c \uae30\uac04\uacfc \uadf8 \ud6c4 30\uc77c\uac04\uc740 \ud574\uace0\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c\ub2e4.\"\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2011. 11. 10. \uc120\uace0 2009\ub2e463205 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c27\uc870: \"\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \ud574\uace0\ud558\ub824\uba74 \ud574\uace0\uc0ac\uc720\uc640 \ud574\uace0\uc2dc\uae30\ub97c \uc11c\uba74\uc73c\ub85c \ud1b5\uc9c0\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.\"\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2011. 10. 27. \uc120\uace0 2011\ub2e442324 \ud310\uacb0\n### \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uc784\uae08\uc758 \uc0b0\uc815\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \ud574\uace0\uac00 \ubb34\ud6a8\uc778 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uadc0\ucc45\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c \uc81c\uacf5\uc744 \ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \ubbfc\ubc95 \uc81c538\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc784\uae08 \uc9c0\uae09\uc744 \uccad\uad6c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c. \ub2e4\ub9cc, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \ubb34\ud6a8\uc778 \ud574\uace0\ub97c \ucca0\ud68c\ud558\uace0 \ubcf5\uc9c1\uba85\ub839\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ubcf5\uc9c1\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \uadfc\ub85c \uc81c\uacf5\uc744 \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uadc0\ucc45\uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \uc784\uae08\uc744 \uccad\uad6c\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 1\uc77c \ud3c9\uade0\uc784\uae08\uc740 59,979\uc6d0\uc784.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc0ac\uace0 \ud6c4\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc11c\ub958 \uc5c5\ubb34 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc18c \uc81c\uae30 \uc774\ud6c4\uc778 2015. 1. 6. \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ucd9c\uadfc \ud1b5\uace0\uc11c\ub97c \ubcf4\ub0c8\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774\ub97c \uc218\ub839\ud558\uace0\ub3c4 \ucd9c\uadfc\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ud574\uace0\uc77c\uc778 2014. 3. 5.\ubd80\ud130 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ud1b5\uace0\uc11c\ub97c \ubc1b\uc740 2015. 1. 6.\uae4c\uc9c0\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uadc0\ucc45\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uc784\uae08 18,473,532\uc6d0(=59,979\uc6d0 \u00d7 308\uc77c)\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud560 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ubbfc\ubc95 \uc81c538\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d: \"\uc30d\ubb34\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uc77c\ubc29\uc758 \ucc44\ubb34\uac00 \ucc44\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \ucc45\uc784\uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc774\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uac8c \ub41c \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \ucc44\ubb34\uc790\ub294 \uc790\uae30\uc758 \ucc44\ubb34\uc774\ud589\uc744 \uba74\ud55c \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc0c1\ub300\ubc29\uc758 \uc774\ud589\uc744 \uccad\uad6c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.\"\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1994. 9. 13. \uc120\uace0 93\ub2e450017 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1994. 10. 25. \uc120\uace0 94\ub2e425889 \ud310\uacb0\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc7ac\ud574\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc694\uc591 \uae30\uac04 \uc911 \ub610\ub294 \uadf8 \uc9c1\ud6c4\uc758 \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \ubcf4\ud638\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud568.\n- \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc0c1 \ud574\uace0\uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \ud574\uace0 \uc81c\ud55c \uaddc\uc815(\uc694\uc591 \uae30\uac04 \uc911 \ud574\uace0 \uae08\uc9c0) \ubc0f \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc694\uac74(\uc11c\uba74 \ud1b5\uc9c0)\uc744 \uc900\uc218\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \ud574\uace0\uac00 \ubb34\ud6a8\uc784\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ubb34\ub2e8\uacb0\uadfc \uc5ec\ubd80\uc640 \ubcc4\uac1c\ub85c, \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc7ac\ud574\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc694\uc591\uc758 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uae30\uac04\uc5d0\ub294 \ud574\uace0\uac00 \uc81c\ud55c\ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\uc5ec \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \ubcf4\ud638\uc758 \ucde8\uc9c0\ub97c \uc0b4\ub9bc.\n- \ud574\uace0 \ubb34\ud6a8 \uc2dc \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uc784\uae08 \uccad\uad6c\uad8c\uc758 \ubc94\uc704\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uadc0\ucc45\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ud574\uc18c\ub418\ub294 \uc2dc\uc810\uae4c\uc9c0\ub85c \ud55c\uc815\ud558\uc5ec, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \ubcf5\uc9c1 \uba85\ub839 \uc774\ud6c4 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ubd88\uc751\ud55c \uae30\uac04\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc784\uae08 \uccad\uad6c\uad8c\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc30d\ubc29\uc758 \ucc45\uc784 \uc18c\uc7ac\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568."}
- 해고사유 서면 통지 위반: 회사가 해당 신고 당시 근로자에게 해고사유 등을 서면으로 통지하였다는 증거가 없으므로, 해당 해고 처분은 근로기준법 제27조를 위반한 것으로서 무효임.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 근로기준법 제23조 제2항: "사용자는 근로자가 업무상 부상 또는 질병의 요양을 위하여 휴업한 기간과 그 후 30일간은 해고하지 못한다."
- 대법원 2011. 11. 10. 선고 2009다63205 판결
- 근로기준법 제27조: "사용자는 근로자를 해고하려면 해고사유와 해고시기를 서면으로 통지하여야 한다."
- 대법원 2011. 10. 27. 선고 2011다42324 판결
미지급 임금의 산정
- 법리: 사용자의 해고가 무효인 경우 근로자는 사용자의 귀책사유로 근로 제공을 하지 못한 것이므로 민법 제538조 제1항에 따라 임금 지급을 청구할 수 있음. 다만, 사용자가 무효인 해고를 철회하고 복직명령을 하였음에도 근로자가 복직하지 않아 근로 제공을 하지 않은 경우에는 사용자의 귀책사유에 해당하지 않아 임금을 청구할 수 없음.
- 판단:
- 근로자의 1일 평균임금은 59,979원임.
- 근로자는 해당 사고 후에도 서류 업무 등 다른 업무를 수행할 수 있었음.
- 회사는 원고