대구지방법원 | 2024-08-09 | 2023가단133640
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
4인 이하 사업장 근로자의 부당해고에 따른 손해배상 책임 인정
결과 요약
- 회사는 근로자에게 부당해고로 인한 손해배상금 5,803,963원 및 지연손해금을 지급함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 2020. 7. 29. 피고와 근로계약을 체결하고 운전원으로 근무함.
- 근로자는 C노동조합 D지회 조합원으로 활동함.
- C노동조합은 2020. 10. 14. 회사를 포함한 대구지역 단체교섭대표단과 단체협약을 체결함.
- 단체협약 유효기간 만료가 다가오자 2021. 9. 16. 단체교섭을 요구하고, 2021. 11. 15. 노동쟁의 조정신청을 하였으나 조정이 종료됨.
- 2021. 12. 1. C노동조합 D지회는 쟁의행위신고서를 제출함.
- 2022. 4. 18. 대구지역 단체교섭대표단이 단체협약 해지를 통보하자, 근로자를 포함한 조합원들은 2022. 5. 16.부터 파업함.
- 회사는 근로자가 파업에 참가하였다는 이유로 2022. 5. 21. 근로자를 해고함.
- 해당 단체협약 제33조는 정년을 만 65세로 규정하고, 1월~6월생은 6월 30일, 7월~12월생은 12월 31일에 퇴직한다고 규정함. 단, 체결일 현재 만 64세 이상인 직원은 2022. 6. 30.을 정년퇴직일로 함.
- 근로자는 1956. 10. 27.생으로, 단체협약에 따라 정년은 2021. 12. 31.임.
- 근로자는 정년이 도과한 2022. 1. 1. 이후에도 회사의 근로자로 근무를 계속하였고, 피고도 이의 없이 임금을 지급함.
- 회사는 상시 4명 이하의 근로자를 사용하는 사업장임.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
묵시적 합의에 의한 근로계약 유지 여부
- 근로자는 정년 이후에도 회사의 직원으로 근무하였으므로, 정년을 2022. 12. 31.로 연장하거나 기간의 정함이 없는 고용관계가 유지되었다고 주장함.
- 법원 판단: 근로자가 정년이 도과한 2022. 1. 1. 이후에도 회사의 근로자로 근무를 계속하였고, 피고도 이에 대해 별다른 이의를 제기하지 아니한 채 근로자에게 임금을 지급하여 온 점을 볼 때, 원고와 피고 사이에는 해당 근로계약을 근로자의 정년 이후로도 유지하는 묵시적 합의가 있었다고 봄이 타당함. 다만, 근로자의 정년을 2022. 12. 31.까지 연장하거나 기한의 정함이 없는 고용관계를 유지하기로 합의하였다는 점은 인정하기 부족함.
4인 이하 사업장의 해고 정당성 판단 기준
- 근로자는 회사가 정당한 노조활동을 이유로 근로자를 해고하였으므로 이는 부당해고에 해당하여 불법행위라고 주장함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
대구지방법원 판결
사건: 2023가단133640 손해배상(기) 원고: A 소송대리인 변호사 정호원 피고: 주식회사 B 변론종결: 2024. 7. 19. 판결선고: 2024. 8. 9.
1. 피고는 원고에게 5,803,963원 및 이에 대하여 2023. 8. 4.부터 2024. 8. 9.까지 연 5%의, 그 다음날부터 다 갚는 날까지 연 12%의 각 비율에 의한 금원을 지급하라. 2. 원고의 나머지 청구를 기각한다. 3. 소송비용 중 4/5는 원고가, 나머지는 피고가 각 부담한다. 4. 제1항은 가집행할 수 있다.
1. 기초사실 가. 원고는 2020. 7. 29. 피고와 사이에, 근로계약기간을 1년으로 하고 재계약 없을 시 자동 연장하기로 하는 내용의 근로계약(이하 '이 사건 근로계약'이라 한다)을 체결한후 피고의 직원(운전원)으로 근무하였다. 나. C노동조합은 2016. 10. 7. 설립되어 약 560명의 조합원으로 구성된 전국 단위 노동조합으로, 원고는 2020. 5. 25. 위 노동조합에 가입하였고, 이후 피고를 비롯한 분뇨 수거, 정화조 청소업체 5개 소속의 근로자로 구성된 D지회를 설립하여 그 조합원으로 활동하였다. 다. C노동조합은 2020. 10. 14. 피고를 포함한 대구지역 20개의 정화조 청소업체로 구성된 단체교
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C\ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 D\uc9c0\ud68c\ub294 \uc7c1\uc758\ud589\uc704\uc2e0\uace0\uc11c\ub97c \uc81c\ucd9c\ud568.\n- 2022. 4. 18. \ub300\uad6c\uc9c0\uc5ed \ub2e8\uccb4\uad50\uc12d\ub300\ud45c\ub2e8\uc774 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d \ud574\uc9c0\ub97c \ud1b5\ubcf4\ud558\uc790, \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \uc870\ud569\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc740 2022. 5. 16.\ubd80\ud130 \ud30c\uc5c5\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ud30c\uc5c5\uc5d0 \ucc38\uac00\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub85c 2022. 5. 21. \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ud574\uace0\ud568.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d \uc81c33\uc870\ub294 \uc815\ub144\uc744 \ub9cc 65\uc138\ub85c \uaddc\uc815\ud558\uace0, 1\uc6d4~6\uc6d4\uc0dd\uc740 6\uc6d4 30\uc77c, 7\uc6d4~12\uc6d4\uc0dd\uc740 12\uc6d4 31\uc77c\uc5d0 \ud1f4\uc9c1\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uaddc\uc815\ud568. \ub2e8, \uccb4\uacb0\uc77c \ud604\uc7ac \ub9cc 64\uc138 \uc774\uc0c1\uc778 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc740 2022. 6. 30.\uc744 \uc815\ub144\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc77c\ub85c \ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 1956. 10. 27.\uc0dd\uc73c\ub85c, \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc815\ub144\uc740 2021. 12. 31.\uc784.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc815\ub144\uc774 \ub3c4\uacfc\ud55c 2022. 1. 1. \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub85c \uadfc\ubb34\ub97c \uacc4\uc18d\ud558\uc600\uace0, \ud53c\uace0\ub3c4 \uc774\uc758 \uc5c6\uc774 \uc784\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc0c1\uc2dc 4\uba85 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc784.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \ubb35\uc2dc\uc801 \ud569\uc758\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uc720\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc815\ub144 \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ubb34\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc815\ub144\uc744 2022. 12. 31.\ub85c \uc5f0\uc7a5\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uae30\uac04\uc758 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\uc874\uc18d\uc2dc\ucf1c \uadf8 \uc774\ud589\uc744 \uac15\uc81c\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\ub97c \ub9d0\ud558\uace0, \uace0\uc6a9\uc740 \uacc4\uc18d\uc801 \uacc4\uc57d\uc73c\ub85c \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc804\uc81c\ub85c \ud558\ubbc0\ub85c \uace0\uc6a9\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uacc4\uc18d\ud558\uc5ec \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ud30c\uad34\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ud574\uce58\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\ub3c4 \ubd80\ub4dd\uc774\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uba70, \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uace0\uc6a9\uacc4\uc57d\uc0c1 \uc758\ubb34\uc758 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uc704\ubc18\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd80\ub4dd\uc774\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub428.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0 \ud310\ub2e8**: \ud53c\uace0\uac00 4\uc778 \uc774\ud558 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \uacc4\uc57d\uae30\uac04\uc744 1\ub144\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc774\ud6c4 \uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \uac31\uc2e0\ub418\uc5b4 \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \ud53c\uace0 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc720\uc9c0\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc815\ub144 \uc774\ud6c4\ub85c\ub3c4 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uae30\ub85c \ubb35\uc2dc\uc801 \ud569\uc758\ub97c \ud558\uc600\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uac04\uc740 2022. 7. 28.\uae4c\uc9c0\ub85c \ubd04\uc774 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud568. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774\ub294 \uace0\uc6a9\uae30\uac04\uc758 \uc57d\uc815\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ud574\uace0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \ubd80\ub4dd\uc774\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568. \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud30c\uc5c5 \ucc38\uc5ec\uac00 \uc704\ubc95\ud55c \uc7c1\uc758\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uace0, \uac00\uc0ac \uc704\ubc95\ud55c \uc7c1\uc758\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uadf8\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uacb0\uadfc\uc774 \uace0\uc6a9\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uacc4\uc18d \uc874\uc18d\uc2dc\ucf1c \uadf8 \uc774\ud589\uc744 \uac15\uc81c\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc815\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\ub294 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uc758\ubb34\uc704\ubc18\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b0\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc6d0\uace0 \ud574\uace0\ub294 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\ub85c\uc11c \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704\ub97c \uad6c\uc131\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2008. 3. 14. \uc120\uace0 2007\ub2e41418 \ud310\uacb0: \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \uc0c1\uc2dc 4\uba85 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc5c5 \ub610\ub294 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc774 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \ud574\uace0\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac19\uc740 \ubc95 \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \uc774 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \ud574\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec\ub294 \ubbfc\ubc95\uc758 \uace0\uc6a9 \uad00\ub828 \uaddc\uc815 \ub4f1\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub428.\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2014. 5. 16. \uc120\uace0 2011\ub2e498006 \ud310\uacb0: \ubbfc\ubc95 \uc81c661\uc870 \uc18c\uc815\uc758 '\ubd80\ub4dd\uc774\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720'\ub77c \ud568\uc740 \uace0\uc6a9\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uacc4\uc18d\ud558\uc5ec \uc874\uc18d\uc2dc\ucf1c \uadf8 \uc774\ud589\uc744 \uac15\uc81c\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\ub97c \ub9d0\ud558\uace0, \uace0\uc6a9\uc740 \uacc4\uc18d\uc801 \uacc4\uc57d\uc73c\ub85c \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc804\uc81c\ub85c \ud558\ubbc0\ub85c \uace0\uc6a9\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uacc4\uc18d\ud558\uc5ec \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ud30c\uad34\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ud574\uce58\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\ub3c4 \ubd80\ub4dd\uc774\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uba70, \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uace0\uc6a9\uacc4\uc57d\uc0c1 \uc758\ubb34\uc758 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uc704\ubc18\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd80\ub4dd\uc774\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub428.\n- \ubbfc\ubc95 \uc81c661\uc870 (\uae30\uac04\uc758 \uc57d\uc815 \uc788\ub294 \uace0\uc6a9\uc758 \ud574\uc9c0\ud1b5\uace0): \uace0\uc6a9\uae30\uac04\uc758 \uc57d\uc815\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd80\ub4dd\uc774\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720 \uc788\ub294 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \uac01 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790\ub294 \uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \ud574\uc9c0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uadf8 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uc77c\ubc29\uc758 \uacfc\uc2e4\ub85c \uc778\ud558\uc5ec \uc0dd\uae34 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \uc0c1\ub300\ubc29\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uc190\ud574\ub97c \ubc30\uc0c1\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.\n### \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1\uc561 \uc0b0\uc815\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0 \ud310\ub2e8**: \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud574\uace0\uc77c\uc778 2022. 5. 16.\ubd80\ud130 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uac04 \uc885\uae30\uc778 2022. 7. 28.\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \uc784\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ubc1b\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\ub294 \uc190\ud574\ub97c \uc785\uc74c. \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc6d4\uae09\uc740 2,627,396\uc6d0\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc190\ud574\uc561\uc740 6,356,603\uc6d0\uc784. \ud53c\uace0\uac00 2023. 1. 20. \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9 2,552,640\uc6d0\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774\ub294 \uc784\uae08\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc131\uc9c8\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\ubbc0\ub85c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc190\ud574\uc561\uc5d0\uc11c \uacf5\uc81c\ud568\uc774 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud568. \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc704\uc790\ub8cc\ub294 2,000,000\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ud568.\n- **\ucd5c\uc885 \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1\uc561**: 5,803,963\uc6d0(= 6,356,603\uc6d0 - 2,552,640\uc6d0 + 2,000,000\uc6d0)\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 4\uc778 \uc774\ud558 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \ubbfc\ubc95\uc758 \uace0\uc6a9 \uad00\ub828 \uaddc\uc815\uc744 \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4, \ubb35\uc2dc\uc801 \ud569\uc758\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uc720\uc9c0\uc640 \ud574\uace0\uc758 '\ubd80\ub4dd\uc774\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720'\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \ud574\uc11d\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uad8c\ub9ac\ub97c \ubcf4\ud638\ud558\ub824\ub294 \ud0dc\ub3c4\ub97c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \ud30c\uc5c5 \ucc38\uc5ec\uac00 \uc704\ubc95\ud55c \uc7c1\uc758\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uace0, \uc124\ub839 \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uace0\uc6a9\uacc4\uc57d \uc874\uc18d\uc774 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud560 \uc815\ub3c4\uc758 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uc758\ubb34\uc704\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc5ec, 4\uc778 \uc774\ud558 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \uc2e0\uc911\ud55c \uc785\uc7a5\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9\uc744 \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1\uc561\uc5d0\uc11c \uacf5\uc81c\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uc784\uae08\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc131\uc9c8\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud55c \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \ud310\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784."}
- 법리: 근로기준법상 상시 4명 이하의 근로자를 사용하는 사업 또는 사업장에 대하여는 사용자가 정당한 이유 없이 근로자를 해고하지 못한다는 같은 법 제23조 제1항이 적용되지 않고, 이 경우 근로계약의 해지에 대하여는 민법의 고용 관련 규정 등이 적용됨. 민법 제661조는 "고용기간의 약정이 있는 경우에도 부득이한 사유 있는 때에는 각 당사자는 계약을 해지할 수 있다. 그러나 그 사유가 당사자 일방의 과실로 인하여 생긴 때에는 상대방에 대하여 손해를 배상하여야 한다."라고 규정하고 있고, 위 조항 소정의 '부득이한 사유'라 함은 고용계약을 계속하여 존속시켜 그 이행을 강제하는 것이 사회통념상 불가능한 경우를 말하고, 고용은 계속적 계약으로 당사자 사이의 특별한 신뢰관계를 전제로 하므로 고용관계를 계속하여 유지하는 데 필요한 신뢰관계를 파괴하거나 해치는 사실도 부득이한 사유에 포함되며, 따라서 고용계약상 의무의 중대한 위반이 있는 경우에도 부득이한 사유에 포함됨.
- 법원 판단: 회사가 4인 이하 사업장의 사용자이므로 근로자에 대한 해고에 근로기준법 제23조 제1항이 적용되지 않음. 그러나 해당 근로계약이 계약기간을 1년으로 정하고 이후 계약이 갱신되어 원고와 피고 사이의 근로관계가 유지되었으며, 원고와 회사가 근로자의 정년 이후로도 해당 근로계약을 유지하기로 묵시적 합의를 하였으므로, 해당 근로계약에 따른 근로자의 근로기간은 2022. 7. 28.까지로 봄이 타당함. 따라서 이는 고용기간의 약정이 있는 경우에 해