창원지방법원 | 2024-08-22 | 2023구합11250
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
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소방공무원의 품위유지 의무 위반 및 재량권 일탈·남용 여부
결과 요약
- 근로자의 징계사유 중 일부(D에 대한 발언)를 제외한 나머지 징계사유가 인정되며, 징계양정(강등처분)이 재량권 일탈·남용에 해당하지 않아 근로자의 청구를 기각함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 2009. 6. 15. 임용되어 2021. 7. 9.부터 2022. 4. 7.까지 김해동부소방서 B 119안전센터에서 근무한 소방공무원임.
- 김해동부소방서장은 2022. 6. 22. 회사에게 근로자에 대한 징계의결을 요구하였고, 회사는 2022. 7. 6. 근로자에게 강등처분을 함.
- 근로자는 해당 처분에 이의하여 인사소청을 하였으나, 인사혁신처 소청심사위원회는 2023. 1. 26. 근로자의 인사소청을 기각함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
징계사유의 존재 여부
- 법리: 징계처분의 당부를 다투는 행정소송에서 징계사유에 대한 증명책임은 그 처분의 적법성을 주장하는 회사에게 있음. 사실의 증명은 특별한 사정이 없는 한 경험칙에 비추어 모든 증거를 종합적으로 검토하여 볼 때 어떤 사실이 있었다는 점을 시인할 수 있는 고도의 개연성을 증명하는 것이면 충분함.
- 제1징계사유 (욕설 사용): 근로자가 근무시간 중 직원들이 함께 있는 사무실 내에서 수시로 욕설을 사용한 사실이 인정되며, 이는 소방공무원으로서 품위 유지 의무를 위반한 것에 해당함.
- 제2징계사유 (폭행): 근로자가 날짜가 특정되지 않는 일시에 수시로 주먹으로 C의 팔, 가슴, 명치, 뒤통수 등을 때린 사실이 인정되며, 이는 소방공무원으로서 품위 유지 의무를 위반한 것에 해당함.
- 제3징계사유 (폭언): 근로자가 2022. 2.경 해당 센터의 직원들에게 코로나 바이러스 PCR 검사를 받도록 지시하고, 검사를 받지 아니한 직원에 대하여 "너희들 다 죽여버린다"라는 취지의 말을 한 사실이 인정되며, 이는 소방공무원으로서 품위 유지 의무를 위반한 것에 해당함.
- 제4징계사유 (사적 노무 요구): 근로자가 C에게 담배, 안마기 및 장난감을 사오라고 지시한 사실이 인정되며, 이는 공무원 행동강령 제13조의2 사적 노무 금지 규정, 제13조의3 직무권한 등을 행사한 부당 행위의 금지 및 국가공무원법 제56조 성실 의무 위반에 해당함.
- 제5징계사유 (불손한 언행): 근로자가 소방위 E에게 "끊어라 개새끼야"라고 말하고, 연장자인 E에 대하여 'E이'라고 말한 사실이 인정되며, 이는 국가공무원법상 품위유지 의무를 위반한 경우에 해당함. 다만, D에 대한 발언 부분은 징계사유에 해당하지 않음.
- 제6, 7징계사유 (협박 및 직무수행 방해): 근로자가 F과 G에게 징계 또는 형사처벌을 받을 수 있다는 공포심을 일으킬 수 있는 발언을 하고, F과 G의 교대점검 근무 및 생활안전 출동을 나가지 못하게 한 사실이 인정됨. 이는 품위 유지 의무 위반 및 성실 의무 위반에 해당함.
- 제8징계사유 (동료 폭행): 원고와 소방장 H이 업무 시간 중 컴퓨터 게임과 관련하여 다툼을 하는 과정에서 상호간 멱살을 잡고 몸싸움을 하여 상해를 가한 사실이 인정되며, 이는 소방공무원으로서 품위 유지 의무를 위반한 것에 해당함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 원고가 부담한다.
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\ud589\ub3d9\uac15\ub839 \uc81c13\uc870\uc7583 (\uc9c1\ubb34\uad8c\ud55c \ub4f1\uc744 \ud589\uc0ac\ud55c \ubd80\ub2f9 \ud589\uc704\uc758 \uae08\uc9c0)\n- \uad6d\uac00\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c56\uc870 (\uc131\uc2e4 \uc758\ubb34)\n### \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud558\uba70, \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc5b4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ud55c\ud558\uc5ec \uc704\ubc95\ud568. \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac1c\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 \uc911 \uc77c\ubd80\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc77c\ubd80 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\ub2f9 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30\uc5d0 \ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uadf8 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uc5ec\ub3c4 \uc704\ubc95\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud568. \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uac00 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc801\uc778 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc815\ud558\uace0 \uadf8\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc815\ud574\uc9c4 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uae30\uc900\uc774 \ud569\ub9ac\uc131\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\ub294 \ub4f1\uc758 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \ud55c \ub2f9\ud574 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\uc0c1\ud6c8\uac10\uacbd \ubc30\uc81c \ubc0f \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \uae30\uc900 \uc704\ubc18 \uc5ec\ubd80**: \uad6c \uc18c\ubc29\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uaddc\uce59 \uc81c2\uc870 \uc81c4\ud638 \ud0c0\ubaa9\uc740 '\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \ud589\ub3d9\uac15\ub839 \uc81c13\uc870\uc7583\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \ud589\uc704'\ub97c \uc911\uc810\uad00\ub9ac\ub300\uc0c1 \ube44\uc704 \ud589\uc704\ub85c \uaddc\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \ud589\ub3d9\uac15\ub839 \uc81c13\uc870\uc7582\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc801 \ub178\ubb34 \uc694\uad6c \ud589\uc704\ub294 \uc81c13\uc870\uc7583 \uc81c2\ud638\uc758 \ud589\uc704\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ubaa8\ub450 \ud488\uc704 \uc720\uc9c0 \uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18\uc5d0\ub9cc \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uac70\ub098 \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \ud589\ub3d9\uac15\ub839 \uc81c13\uc870\uc7583 \uc81c2\ud638 \uc704\ubc18\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740 \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc704\ubc18\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub4e4\uc740 \uad6c \uc18c\ubc29\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uaddc\uce59 [\ubcc4\ud45c 1] \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uae30\uc900\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \ubcfc \ub54c, \ud488\uc704 \uc720\uc9c0 \uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18(\uac15\ub4f1~\uc815\uc9c1) \ubc0f \uc131\uc2e4 \uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18(\ud30c\uba74-\ud574\uc784 \ub610\ub294 \uac15\ub4f1-\uc815\uc9c1, \uac10\ubd09 \ub610\ub294 \uac15\ub4f1-\uc815\uc9c1)\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n- \uad6c \uc18c\ubc29\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c10\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c 2\uac1c \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \ube44\uc704\uac00 \uacbd\ud569\ub420 \ub54c 1\ub2e8\uacc4 \uc704\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub85c \uc758\uacb0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc815\uc9c1 3\uc6d4\uc744 \uc2ec\uc758\ud55c \ud6c4 1\ub2e8\uacc4 \uac00\uc911\ud55c \uac15\ub4f1\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub294 \uc704 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \ubc94\uc704 \ub0b4\uc5d0 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ube44\uc704 \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \uacb0\ucf54 \uac00\ubccd\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \uc18c\ubc29\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc0ac\ud68c \ub0b4\uc5d0\uc11c \uadfc\uc808\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \ud589\uc704\ub4e4\uc774\uba70, \uc77c\ubc8c\ubc31\uacc4\uc758 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc774 \ud070 \uc810 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c, \uac15\ub4f1\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc9c0\ub098\uce58\uac8c \uac00\ud639\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uac70\ub098 \ube44\ub840\uc758 \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2002. 9. 24. \uc120\uace0 2002\ub4506620 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2011. 11. 10. \uc120\uace0 2011\ub45013767 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uad6c \uc18c\ubc29\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uaddc\uce59 (2023. 1. 20. \uc18c\ubc29\uccad\ud6c8\ub839 \uc81c305\ud638\ub85c \uac1c\uc815\ub418\uae30 \uc804\uc758 \uac83) \uc81c2\uc870 \uc81c4\ud638 \ud0c0\ubaa9, \uc81c4\uc870, [\ubcc4\ud45c 1] \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uae30\uc900, \uc81c10\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ud45c\ucc3d\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uacfc\uac70 \uc9d5\uacc4 \ubc0f \ud615\uc0ac\ucc98\ubc8c\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \uc804\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ub9ce\uc740 \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc774 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc120\ucc98\ub97c \ud0c4\uc6d0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uac00\uc871\uc744 \ubd80\uc591\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc18c\ubc29\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc758 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ube44\uc704 \ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\uc784. \ud2b9\ud788, \uc0ac\uc801 \ub178\ubb34 \uc694\uad6c \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \ud589\ub3d9\uac15\ub839 \uc81c13\uc870\uc7583\uc758 '\ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \ud589\uc704'\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \uc911\uc810\uad00\ub9ac\ub300\uc0c1 \ube44\uc704 \ud589\uc704\ub85c \uac04\uc8fc\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \uc870\uc9c1 \ub0b4 '\uac11\uc9c8' \ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5c4\uc815\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568.\n- \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4, \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uacbd\ud569\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uae30\uc900\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uac00\uc911\ub41c \uc9d5\uacc4\uac00 \uac00\ub2a5\ud568\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uc600\uace0, \ube44\uc704\uc758 \uc815\ub3c4\uc640 \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc758 \ud2b9\uc218\uc131\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud568.\n- \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \ud488\uc704 \uc720\uc9c0 \uc758\ubb34\uc640 \uc131\uc2e4 \uc758\ubb34\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc744 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ud55c\ubc88 \uc0c1\uae30\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ud310\uacb0\ub85c, \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \ube44\uc704 \ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84 \uc2dc \ucc38\uace0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc120\ub840\uac00 \ub420 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ub428."}
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2018. 4. 12. 선고 2017두74702 판결
- 공무원 행동강령 제13조의2 (사적 노무 요구 금지)
- 공무원 행동강령 제13조의3 (직무권한 등을 행사한 부당 행위의 금지)
- 국가공무원법 제56조 (성실 의무)
재량권 일탈·남용 여부
- 법리: 공무원 징계처분은 징계권자의 재량에 속하며, 사회통념상 현저하게 타당성을 잃어 재량권을 남용한 경우에 한하여 위법함. 여러 개의 징계사유 중 일부가 인정되지 않더라도 인정되는 다른 일부 징계사유만으로 해당 징계처분의 타당성을 인정하기에 충분한 경우에는 그 징계처분을 유지하여도 위법하지 아니함. 징계권자가 내부적인 징계양정기준을 정하고 그에 따라 징계처분을 하였을 경우 정해진 징계양정기준이 합리성이 없다는 등의 특별한 사정이 없는 한