서울고등법원 | 2016-12-01 | 2016누48340
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
정규직 전환 기대권 인정 여부 및 전환 거부의 합리적 이유 판단
결과 요약
- 제1심판결을 취소하고, 중앙노동위원회의 재심판정을 취소함.
- 근로자의 참가인에 대한 정규직 전환 거부는 합리적인 이유가 있다고 판단됨.
사실관계
- 근로자는 1950. 6. 16. 설립된 무자본 특수법인으로, 통화신용정책 수립 및 집행을 목적으로 함.
- 참가인은 2013. 2. 1. 근로자에 계약직 전문직원으로 입사하여 2015. 1. 31. 계약기간 만료로 근로관계가 종료됨.
- 근로자는 2012. 10. IT 경력직 채용공고에서 2년 계약기간 만료 시 업무성과 등을 종합 심사하여 정규직 전환 또는 계약 종료를 명시함.
- 참가인은 2013. 2. 1. 원고와 1년 단위 근로계약을 체결하고, 2014. 2. 1. 다시 1년 계약을 체결함.
- 참가인은 근로계약 체결 시 정규직 전환 관련 규정을 인지하고 동의하는 확인서를 작성함.
- 근로자의 인사관리규정 및 계약직 전문직원 인력운용기준에는 계약직 전문직원의 정규직 전환 시기 및 요건이 명시되어 있음.
- 참가인은 2013년 상반기, 하반기 및 2014년 상반기 근무성적평가를 받음.
- 정규직 전환심사 시 근무성적평가 결과 산출방식에 따라, 참가인은 524명 중 344위(하위 34.4%)를 기록하여 정규직 전환 요건에 미달함.
- 참가인은 부서장 종합평가에서는 '탁월' 평가를 받음.
- 근로자는 2014. 12. 10. 참가인이 근무성적평가 요건을 충족하지 못했다는 이유로 정규직 전환을 거절하고, 2014. 12. 26. 이를 통보함.
- 2005년부터 2015년까지 2년 계약기간 만료 근로자 중 86.8%가 정규직으로 전환됨.
- 참가인은 서울지방노동위원회에 구제신청을 하였으나 기각되었고, 중앙노동위원회에 재심신청을 하여 인용됨.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
정규직 전환 기대권의 인정 여부
- 법리: 근로계약, 취업규칙, 단체협약 등에 기간제근로자의 계약기간 만료 시 인사평가 등을 거쳐 일정한 요건 충족 시 무기계약직 또는 정규직으로 전환된다는 규정이 있거나, 그러한 규정이 없더라도 근로계약의 내용, 동기, 경위, 전환 기준 및 절차, 근로자가 수행하는 업무 내용 등 제반 사정을 종합하여 볼 때, 일정한 요건 충족 시 무기계약직 또는 정규직으로 전환될 수 있다는 정당한 기대권이 인정되는 경우, 사용자가 합리적 이유 없이 전환을 거절하면 부당해고와 마찬가지로 효력이 없음.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울고등법원 제7행정부 판결
사건: 2016누48340 부당해고구제재심판정취소 원고,항소인: 한국은행 피고,피항소인: 중앙노동위원회위원장 피고보조참가인: A 제1심판결: <case_cite ref="서울행정법원/2015구합76834">서울행정법원 2016. 5. 19. 선고 2015구합76834 판결</case_cite> 변론종결: 2016. 10. 27. 판결선고: 2016. 12. 1.
1. 제1심판결을 취소한다. 2. 중앙노동위원회가 2015. 8. 27. 원고와 피고보조참가인 사이의 중앙2015부해491 재심신청 사건에 관하여 한 재심판정을 취소한다. 3. 소송총비용 중 보조참가로 인한 부분은 피고보조참가인이, 나머지 부분은 피고가 각 부담한다.
1. 재심판정의 경위와 내용 가. 원고는 1950. 6. 16. 설립되어 상시 근로자 2,245명을 고용하여 통화신용정책의 수립과 집행을 통하여 물가안정을 도모함으로써 국민 경제의 건전한 발전에 이바지함을 목적으로 하는 무자본 특수법인이다. 피고보조참가인(이하 '참가인'이라고 한다)은2013. 2. 1. 원고에 계약직 전문직원으로 입사하여 B국 C부 D팀에서 근무하였다. 나. 원고는 2015. 1. 31. 참가인과의 계약기간 만료를 이유로 근로계약 관계를 종료하였다. 다. 이에 대하여 참가인은 2015.3.9. 서울지방노동위원회에 구제신청을 하였고, 서울지방노동위원회는 2015. 5. 7. 구제신청을 기각하였다. 참가인
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IT \uacbd\ub825\uc9c1 \ucc44\uc6a9\uacf5\uace0\uc5d0\uc11c 2\ub144 \uacc4\uc57d\uae30\uac04 \ub9cc\ub8cc \uc2dc \uc5c5\ubb34\uc131\uacfc \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569 \uc2ec\uc0ac\ud558\uc5ec \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1 \uc804\ud658 \ub610\ub294 \uacc4\uc57d \uc885\ub8cc\ub97c \uba85\uc2dc\ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2013. 2. 1. \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 1\ub144 \ub2e8\uc704 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud558\uace0, 2014. 2. 1. \ub2e4\uc2dc 1\ub144 \uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0 \uc2dc \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1 \uc804\ud658 \uad00\ub828 \uaddc\uc815\uc744 \uc778\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \ub3d9\uc758\ud558\ub294 \ud655\uc778\uc11c\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc778\uc0ac\uad00\ub9ac\uaddc\uc815 \ubc0f \uacc4\uc57d\uc9c1 \uc804\ubb38\uc9c1\uc6d0 \uc778\ub825\uc6b4\uc6a9\uae30\uc900\uc5d0\ub294 \uacc4\uc57d\uc9c1 \uc804\ubb38\uc9c1\uc6d0\uc758 \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1 \uc804\ud658 \uc2dc\uae30 \ubc0f \uc694\uac74\uc774 \uba85\uc2dc\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2013\ub144 \uc0c1\ubc18\uae30, \ud558\ubc18\uae30 \ubc0f 2014\ub144 \uc0c1\ubc18\uae30 \uadfc\ubb34\uc131\uc801\ud3c9\uac00\ub97c \ubc1b\uc74c.\n- \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1 \uc804\ud658\uc2ec\uc0ac \uc2dc \uadfc\ubb34\uc131\uc801\ud3c9\uac00 \uacb0\uacfc \uc0b0\ucd9c\ubc29\uc2dd\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c, \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 524\uba85 \uc911 344\uc704(\ud558\uc704 34.4%)\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud558\uc5ec \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1 \uc804\ud658 \uc694\uac74\uc5d0 \ubbf8\ub2ec\ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 \ubd80\uc11c\uc7a5 \uc885\ud569\ud3c9\uac00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 '\ud0c1\uc6d4' \ud3c9\uac00\ub97c \ubc1b\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2014. 12. 10. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uadfc\ubb34\uc131\uc801\ud3c9\uac00 \uc694\uac74\uc744 \ucda9\uc871\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1 \uc804\ud658\uc744 \uac70\uc808\ud558\uace0, 2014. 12. 26. \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ubcf4\ud568.\n- 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\ubd80\uc11c\uc7a5 \uc885\ud569\ud3c9\uac00\ub97c \ud63c\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc740 \uac01 \ud3c9\uac00\uc758 \ub2e8\uc810\uc744 \ubcf4\uc644\ud558\uc5ec \ud569\ub9ac\uc131\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- \uadfc\ubb34\uc131\uc801\ud3c9\uac00\ud3b8\ub78c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ud3c9\uac00 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc740 \ubd88\ud569\ub9ac\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ubd80\uc801\uc808\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1 \uc804\ud658\uc2ec\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \uadfc\ubb34\uc131\uc801\ud3c9\uac00\uc758 \ube44\uad50\ub300\uc0c1 \uadf8\ub8f9\uc744 \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \ub3d9\uc77c \uc9c1\uae09 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uc804\uccb4\ub85c \uc0bc\uc740 \uac83\uc740, \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1 \uc804\ud658 \ud6c4 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc758 \ub3d9\uc77c\uc131, \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \uc5c5\ubb34\ub098 \uac19\uc740 \ubd80\uc11c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub4e4\uacfc\ub9cc \ube44\uad50 \uc2dc \uac1d\uad00\uc131 \uc800\ud574 \ubc0f \ud2b9\uc815 \ubd80\uc11c \uc18c\uc18d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ubd88\ud569\ub9ac \ucd08\ub798 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud55c \uc870\uce58\ub85c, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \ubc94\uc704 \ub0b4\uc5d0 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ub428.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc758\ub3c4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uadfc\ubb34\uc131\uc801\ud3c9\uac00\ub97c \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\uac8c \ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba70, \ud3c9\uac00 \uc2dc \ud300\uc7a5\uacfc \ubd80\uc11c\uc7a5\uc774 \uac01 \uc9c1\uae09\ubcc4 \ud300\uc6d0, \ubd80\uc11c\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0c1\ub300\ud3c9\uac00\ub97c \ud558\uace0 \ud3c9\uade0 80\uc810\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud45c\uc900\ud3b8\ucc28\ub97c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc810\uc218\ub97c \ubd80\uc5ec\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc790\uc758\uc801 \ud3c9\uac00 \ubc29\uc9c0 \ubc0f \uacf5\uc815\uc131, \uac1d\uad00\uc131 \ud655\ubcf4\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 2014\ub144 \uc0c1\ubc18\uae30 \uadfc\ubb34\uc131\uc801\ud3c9\uac00 \uc810\uc218 \ud558\ub77d \ubc0f \ud558\uc704\ube44\uc728 \ud558\ub77d\uc774 \ubd88\uacf5\uc815\ud558\uace0 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \ud3c9\uac00\uc758 \uc99d\uac70\ub77c\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uadfc\ubb34\uc131\uc801\ud3c9\uac00 \uc81c\ub3c4\ub294 1961\ub144\ubd80\ud130 \uc57d 55\ub144\uac04, \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1 \uc804\ud658 \uc81c\ub3c4\ub294 2005\ub144\ubd80\ud130 \uc57d 11\ub144 \uc774\uc0c1 \uc720\uc9c0\ub418\uc5b4 \uc654\uc73c\uba70, \uadfc\ubb34\uc131\uc801\ud3c9\uac00\ub294 \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1\uc758 \uc2b9\uc9c4, \ubcf4\uc9c1, \ud574\uc678\uc5f0\uc218, \uc0c1\uc5ec\uae08 \ub4f1 \uacb0\uc815 \uc2dc \uc77c\uad00\ub418\uac8c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uc720\uc77c\ud55c \uc778\uc0ac\ud3c9\uac00\ub85c\uc11c \uadf8 \uae30\uc900\uc774\ub098 \uacb0\uacfc\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub098 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc774 \uc774\uc758\ub97c \uc81c\uae30\ud55c \uc801\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5(\ube44\uad50\ub300\uc0c1 \uc124\uc815 \ubd80\ub2f9, 1\uc778 \ud3c9\uac00\ub300\uc0c1\uc790 \ud3c9\uac00 \ubc29\uc2dd \ubd80\ub2f9, \uc21c\uc704 \uae30\uc900 \ud3c9\uade0 \uc8fc\uc7a5, \uadfc\ubb34\uc131\uc801\ud3c9\uac00\uc758 \uac1d\uad00\uc131 \ubc0f \uc2e0\ub8b0\uc131 \uacb0\uc5ec \uc8fc\uc7a5, \uc6b0\uc5f0\ud55c \ud300\ub0b4 \uc778\uc6d0 \uad6c\uc131 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ubd88\ud569\ub9ac \uc8fc\uc7a5)\uc740 \ubaa8\ub450 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc5ec\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.**\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1 \uc804\ud658 \uae30\ub300\uad8c \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\uc640 \uadf8 \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub420 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc804\ud658 \uac70\ubd80\uac00 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uc774\uc720\uac00 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\ub294 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568.\n- \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1 \uc804\ud658 \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc740 \ud3ed\ub113\uac8c \uc778\uc815\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, **\uc804\ud658 \uac70\ubd80\uc758 \ud569\ub9ac\uc131\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uba85\ud655\ud558\uace0 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc778 \ud3c9\uac00 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \ub9c8\ub828\ud558\uace0 \uc774\ub97c \uacf5\uc815\ud558\uac8c \uc801\uc6a9\ud588\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud310\ub2e8\ub428.**\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \ud3c9\uac00 \uae30\uc900\uc758 \ud569\ub9ac\uc131, \ud3c9\uac00 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc758 \uacf5\uc815\uc131, \ube44\uad50 \ub300\uc0c1 \uadf8\ub8f9\uc758 \uc801\uc808\uc131 \ub4f1\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uace0\ub824 \uc694\uc18c\uac00 \ub428.\n- \ubcf8 \uc0ac\uc548\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uba85\ud655\ud55c \ud3c9\uac00 \uae30\uc900\uacfc \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \ub9c8\ub828\ud558\uace0 \uc774\ub97c \uc77c\uad00\ub418\uac8c \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uc600\uc73c\uba70, \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uadfc\ubb34\uc131\uc801\ud3c9\uac00 \uacb0\uacfc\uac00 \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1 \uc804\ud658 \uc694\uac74\uc5d0 \ubbf8\ub2ec\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc804\ud658 \uac70\ubd80\ub294 \uc815\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ub428."}
- 법원의 판단: 근로자의 채용공고, 확인서, 인사관리규정, 계약직 전문직원 인력운용기준 내용 및 2005년부터 2015년까지의 정규직 전환 현황 등을 종합할 때, 참가인에게 2년 계약기간 만료 시 일정한 심사를 거쳐 정규직으로 전환될 수 있다는 정당한 기대권이 인정됨.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2016. 11. 10. 선고 2014두45765 판결
정규직 전환 거부의 합리적 이유 존재 여부
- 법리: 정규직 전환 거부가 합리적인 이유가 있는지 여부는 사용자의 재량권 일탈·남용 여부를 기준으로 판단함.
- 법원의 판단:
- 근로자의 정규직 전환 거부는 합리적인 이유가 있으며, 재량권을 일탈하거나 남용한 것으로 볼 수 없음.
- 근로자는 인사관리규정, 인력운용기준, 근무성적평가편람 등에서 정규직 전환 기준과 방식을 명확히 규정하고, 이에 따라 참가인에 대한 근무성적평가를 실시함.
- 정규직 전환 요건인 상대평가 방식의 근무성적평가와 절대평가인 부서장 종합평가를 혼용하는 방식은 각 평가의 단점을 보완하여 합리성이 인정됨.
- 근무성적평가편람에 따른 평가 방식은 불합리하거나 부적절하지 않음.
- 정규직 전환심사에서 근무성적평가의 비교대상 그룹을 정규직을 포함한 동일 직급 근로자 전체로 삼은 것은, 정규직 전환 후 업무의 동일성, 유사한 업무나 같은 부서 근로자들과만 비교 시 객관성 저해 및 특정 부서 소속에 따른 불합리 초래 가능성 등을 고려한 조치로, 근로자의 재량권 범위 내에 있다고 판단됨.