서울행정법원 | 2018-07-20 | 2018구합55227
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
교원 재임용 시 임용기간 단축 처분의 위법성 및 신뢰보호 원칙 적용
결과 요약
- 근로자의 청구를 기각함.
- 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 모두 근로자가 부담함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 C대학교를 설치·운영하는 학교법인이고, 참가인은 2002. 3. 1. 해당 대학의 사회복지학과 전임강사로 신규 임용되어 재직하던 자임.
- 근로자는 2004. 1. 7.부터 총 4차례에 걸쳐 참가인에 대한 재임용 거부처분을 하였고, 참가인은 이에 대해 행정소송 등 법적 다툼을 계속해 옴.
- 2011. 6. 27. 대구고등법원에서 원고와 참가인 간에 조정이 성립되어, 참가인은 2004. 3. 1.부터 2012. 2. 29.까지 조교수 지위에 있음을 인정받음.
- 근로자는 2012. 2. 10. 참가인에게 기간 만료를 이유로 의원면직 처리(제2차 재임용 거부처분)하였으나, 피고(교원소청심사위원회)는 이를 취소하였고, 법원 또한 제2차 재임용 거부처분이 무효임을 확인하고 근로자에게 손해배상 의무를 인정함.
- 이후 근로자는 2013년, 2015년에도 재임용 거부처분(제3차, 제4차)을 하였으나, 피고와 법원은 이들 처분 역시 위법하다고 판단함.
- 근로자는 2017. 8. 18. 참가인에게 임용기간을 2017. 9. 1.부터 2018. 8. 31.까지 1년으로 하여 조교수로 복직시키기로 통지함(해당 처분).
- 참가인은 2017. 9. 19. 근로자가 임의로 임용기간을 1년으로 단축하였다며 회사에게 소청심사를 청구함.
- 회사는 2017. 11. 15. 근로자의 재임용기간 단축처분이 위법하다고 판단하여 이를 취소하는 결정을 함(해당 결정).
- 근로자는 해당 결정이 위법하다고 주장하며 소를 제기함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
재임용기간 단축 처분의 불이익성 및 위법성
- 법리: 행정처분은 근거 법령이 개정된 경우에도 경과규정에서 달리 정함이 없는 한 처분 당시 시행되는 개정 법령과 거기에서 정한 기준에 의하는 것이 원칙이나, 국민의 신뢰가 개정 법령의 적용에 관한 공익상의 요구보다 더 보호가치가 있다고 인정되는 경우 신뢰보호 원칙에 따라 적용이 제한될 수 있음. 사립학교 교원의 재임용처분에서도 교원의 신뢰보호이익이 교원인사규정 등 개정된 규정의 적용에 관한 공익상의 요구보다 더 큰 보호가치가 있다면 교원인사규정의 적용이 제한될 수 있음. 사립교원의 재임용계약은 특별한 사정이 없는 한 종전 임용계약과 동일한 직위와 임용기간 등으로 할 것을 전제로 하며, 종전 임용계약보다 불리한 조건으로 재임용을 할 특별한 사정은 학교운영상 부득이하게 불가피한 상황이 발생한 경우 등에 있어 교원이 이에 동의한 때 등을 의미함. 사립학교법 제53조의2가 정한 사립학교 교원의 재임용심사 등 절차에 관한 규정을 위배한 재임용거부는 허용될 수 없음.
- 법원의 판단:
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제3부 판결
사건: 2018구합55227 교원소청심사위원회결정취소 원고: 학교법인 A 소송대리인 법무법인 늘푸른 담당변호사 오재덕 소송복대리인 변호사 이효정 피고: 교원소청심사위원회 소송대리인 정부법무공단 담당변호사 박남훈 피고보조참가인: B 변론종결: 2018. 6. 1. 판결선고: 2018. 7. 20.
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 모두 원고가 부담한다.
1. 결정의 경위 가. 원고는 C대학교(이하 '이 사건 대학'이라 한다)를 설치 · 운영하는 학교법인이고, 참가인은 2002. 3. 1. 이 사건 대학의 사회복지학과 소속 전임강사로 신규 임용되어 재직하던 자이다. 나. 원고는 2004. 1. 7. 참가인에 대한 재임용 거부처분을 한 이래 총 4차례에 걸쳐 재임용 거부처분을 한 바 있고, 참가인은 위 각 재임용 거부처분이 위법하다고 주장하며 행정소송 등 법적 다툼을 계속해 왔다. 다. 원고는 2017. 8. 18. 참가인에게 '원고 이사회는 2017. 8. 17. 임용기간을 2017. 9. 1.부터 2018. 8. 31.까지로 하여 참가인을 이 사건 대학의 조교수로 복직
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\uac78\uccd0 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uac70\ubd80\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uace0, \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 \uc774\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ud589\uc815\uc18c\uc1a1 \ub4f1 \ubc95\uc801 \ub2e4\ud23c\uc744 \uacc4\uc18d\ud574 \uc634.\n- 2011. 6. 27. \ub300\uad6c\uace0\ub4f1\ubc95\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \uac04\uc5d0 \uc870\uc815\uc774 \uc131\ub9bd\ub418\uc5b4, \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2004. 3. 1.\ubd80\ud130 2012. 2. 29.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc870\uad50\uc218 \uc9c0\uc704\uc5d0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ubc1b\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2012. 2. 10. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uae30\uac04 \ub9cc\ub8cc\ub97c \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc758\uc6d0\uba74\uc9c1 \ucc98\ub9ac(\uc81c2\ucc28 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uac70\ubd80\ucc98\ubd84)\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \ud53c\uace0(\uad50\uc6d0\uc18c\uccad\uc2ec\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c)\ub294 \uc774\ub97c \ucde8\uc18c\ud558\uc600\uace0, \ubc95\uc6d0 \ub610\ud55c \uc81c2\ucc28 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uac70\ubd80\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \ubb34\ud6a8\uc784\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uace0 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud568.\n- \uc774\ud6c4 \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2013\ub144, 2015\ub144\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uac70\ubd80\ucc98\ubd84(\uc81c3\ucc28, \uc81c4\ucc28)\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \ud53c\uace0\uc640 \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \uc774\ub4e4 \ucc98\ubd84 \uc5ed\uc2dc \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2017. 8. 18. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04\uc744 2017. 9. 1.\ubd80\ud130 2018. 8. 31.\uae4c\uc9c0 1\ub144\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\uc5ec \uc870\uad50\uc218\ub85c \ubcf5\uc9c1\uc2dc\ud0a4\uae30\ub85c \ud1b5\uc9c0\ud568(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucc98\ubd84).\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2017. 9. 19. \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc784\uc758\ub85c \uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04\uc744 1\ub144\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e8\ucd95\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uba70 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc18c\uccad\uc2ec\uc0ac\ub97c \uccad\uad6c\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2017. 11. 15. \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04 \ub2e8\ucd95\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc5ec \uc774\ub97c \ucde8\uc18c\ud558\ub294 \uacb0\uc815\uc744 \ud568(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uacb0\uc815).\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uacb0\uc815\uc774 \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uba70 \uc18c\ub97c \uc81c\uae30\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04 \ub2e8\ucd95 \ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc131 \ubc0f \uc704\ubc95\uc131\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \ud589\uc815\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uadfc\uac70 \ubc95\ub839\uc774 \uac1c\uc815\ub41c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uacbd\uacfc\uaddc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2ec\ub9ac \uc815\ud568\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \ud55c \ucc98\ubd84 \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc2dc\ud589\ub418\ub294 \uac1c\uc815 \ubc95\ub839\uacfc \uac70\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\ud55c \uae30\uc900\uc5d0 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\ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2002. 3. 1. \uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04 2\ub144\uc73c\ub85c \uc2e0\uaddc \uc784\uc6a9\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc704\ubc95\ud55c \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uac70\ubd80\ucc98\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucc98\ubd84 \uc774\uc804\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud568. \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucc98\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c 1\ub144\uc758 \uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04\uc73c\ub85c \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\ub41c \uac83\uc740 \uc885\uc804 \uc2e0\uaddc \uc784\uc6a9 \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc758 \uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ubd88\ub9ac\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc784.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc870\uc815\uc870\ud56d \uc81c1\ud56d\uc740 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 2004. 3. 1.\ubd80\ud130 2012. 2. 29.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc870\uad50\uc218 \uc9c0\uc704\uc5d0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\ub294 \ucde8\uc9c0\uc77c \ubfd0, \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04\uc744 8\uac1c\uc6d4\ub85c \ub2e8\ucd95\ud558\ub294 \ucde8\uc9c0\uac00 \uc544\ub2d8.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc704\ubc95\ud55c \uc81c2\ucc28 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uac70\ubd80\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4\uba74 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2012. 7. 21. \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04 \uad00\ub828 \uaddc\uc815 \uac1c\uc815\uc77c \uc774\uc804\uc5d0 \uc870\uad50\uc218\ub85c \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\ub418\uc5c8\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uae30\uc874 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04 \uad00\ub828 \uaddc\uc815\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04 4\ub144\uc73c\ub85c \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\ub418\uc5c8\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \uad50\uc6d0\uc778 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uc2e0\ub8b0\ubcf4\ud638\uc774\uc775\uc774 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uac1c\uc815 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04 \uad00\ub828 \uaddc\uc815 \uc801\uc6a9\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uacf5\uc775\uc0c1\uc758 \uc694\uad6c\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \ud070 \ubcf4\ud638\uac00\uce58\uac00 \uc788\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uae30\uc874 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04 \uad00\ub828 \uaddc\uc815\uc744 \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc744 \uc870\uad50\uc218\ub85c \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc798\ubabb\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc1b\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\ub358 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ubc1b\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uac1c\uc815 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04 \uad00\ub828 \uaddc\uc815\uc740 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uc2e0\uaddc \uc784\uc6a9\uc77c(2002. 3. 1.)\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04\uc744 \uc81c\ud55c\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc758\ub3c4\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucc98\ubd84 \ubb34\ub835 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub300\ud559 \uc870\uad50\uc218 \uc911 \uacfc\ubc18\uc218\uac00 \uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04 2\ub144 \uc774\uc0c1\uc774\uc5c8\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud559\uad50\uc6b4\uc601\uc0c1 \ubd88\uac00\ud53c\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04 1\ub144\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ubd84\uba85\ud788 \ubc18\ub300 \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \ubc1d\ud798.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50\ubc95 \uc81c53\uc870\uc7582 \uc81c7\ud56d \ud6c4\ub2e8\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc758\uacac\uc9c4\uc220 \ub610\ub294 \uc11c\uba74 \uc758\uacac\uc81c\ucd9c \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \ubd80\uc5ec\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ucc44 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c, \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04\uc744 1\ub144\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud558\ub294 \ubd88\ub9ac\ud55c \ucc98\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uad50\uc6d0\uc9c0\uc704\ubc95\uc0c1\uc758 \uc18c\uccad\uc2ec\uc0ac \ub300\uc0c1\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uba70, \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815 \uc5c6\uc774 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04\uc744 \ub2e8\ucd95\ud55c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc704\ubc95\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2014. 7. 24. \uc120\uace0 2012\ub45023501 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50\ubc95 \uc81c53\uc870\uc7582 \uc81c3\ud56d \ub0b4\uc9c0 \uc81c7\ud56d\n- \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704 \ud5a5\uc0c1 \ubc0f \uad50\uc721\ud65c\ub3d9 \ubcf4\ud638\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \ud2b9\ubcc4\ubc95 \uc81c3\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d, \uc81c6\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50 \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc784\uc6a9\uae30\uac04 \ub2e8\ucd95 \ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc704\ubc95\uc131\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568. \ud2b9\ud788, \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc2e0\ub8b0\ubcf4\ud638 \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\uc5ec, \ud559\uad50\ubc95\uc778\uc758 \uc77c\ubc29\uc801\uc778 \uaddc\uc815 \ubcc0\uacbd\uc774\ub098 \uacfc\uac70\uc758 \uc704\ubc95\ud55c \ucc98\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uad50\uc6d0\uc774 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544\uc11c\ub294 \uc548 \ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \ubd84\uba85\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \uacfc\uac70\uc758 \uc704\ubc95\ud55c \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uac70\ubd80\ucc98\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uad50\uc6d0\uc774 \uc801\ubc95\ud558\uac8c \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\ub418\uc5c8\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc1b\uc558\uc744 \uae30\uac04\uc744 \uae30\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \uc2e0\ub8b0\ubcf4\ud638 \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec, \uac1c\uc815\ub41c \uaddc\uc815\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uae30\uc874 \uaddc\uc815\uc744 \uc801\uc6a9\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568. \uc774\ub294 \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704 \ubcf4\uc7a5\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ud310\ub840\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uc2dc \uad50\uc6d0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc758\uacac\uc9c4\uc220 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \ubd80\uc5ec\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \ud558\uc790\ub97c \uc9c0\uc801\ud558\uc5ec, \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uc808\ucc28\uc758 \uc801\ubc95\uc131 \ub610\ud55c \uc911\uc694\ud558\uac8c \uace0\ub824\ub428\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50 \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uad00\ub828 \ubd84\uc7c1\uc5d0\uc11c \uad50\uc6d0 \uce21\uc758 \uad8c\ub9ac \ubcf4\ud638\uc5d0 \uc720\ub9ac\ud55c \uc120\ub840\uac00 \ub420 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784."}
- 참가인은 2002. 3. 1. 임용기간 2년으로 신규 임용되었고, 근로자의 위법한 재임용 거부처분으로 인해 해당 처분 이전까지 재임용되지 못함. 해당 처분으로 1년의 임용기간으로 재임용된 것은 종전 신규 임용 당시의 임용기간보다 불리한 내용임.
- 이 사건 조정조항 제1항은 참가인이 2004. 3. 1.부터 2012. 2. 29.까지 조교수 지위에 있음을 인정하는 취지일 뿐, 재임용기간을 8개월로 단축하는 취지가 아님.
- 근로자의 위법한 제2차 재임용 거부처분이 없었다면 참가인은 2012. 7. 21. 해당 재임용기간 관련 규정 개정일 이전에 조교수로 재임용되었을 것이므로, 이 사건 기존 재임용기간 관련 규정에 따라 임용기간 4년으로 재임용되었을 것으로 보임.
- 교원인 참가인의 신뢰보호이익이 이 사건 개정 재임용기간 관련 규정 적용에 관한 공익상의 요구보다 더 큰 보호가치가 있으므로, 근로자는 이 사건 기존 재임용기간 관련 규정을 적용하여 참가인을 조교수로 재임용하는 해당 처분을 하였어야 함.
- 근로자의 잘못으로 인해 참가인이 보장받을 수 있었던 재임용기간을 인정받지 못하게 되었고, 이 사건