대구지방법원 서부지원 | 2023-03-30 | 2021고단2876
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
대표이사의 업무상 배임 및 횡령 인정 판결
결과 요약
- 피고인이 피해회사의 대표이사로서 지인에게 특혜를 주는 용역계약을 체결하고 용역대금을 지급하게 하여 회사에 손해를 가하고, 개인적인 용도로 회사 자금을 사용한 업무상 배임 및 횡령 혐의에 대해 징역 1년이 선고됨.
사실관계
- 피고인은 2016. 4. 14.부터 2018. 7. 16.까지 피해회사(국제물류주선업 영위)의 대표이사로 재직함.
- 피해회사의 실소유자 D과 연봉 및 보너스 문제로 다툼이 발생함.
- 피고인은 지인 E가 대표로 있는 F가 전자상거래 프로그램 개발 능력이 없음에도, F와 '운영 프로그램 제작 및 전자상거래 플랫폼 구축과 관리대행 용역 계약'을 체결하고, 2018. 6. 20.부터 2018. 6. 24.까지 총 3회에 걸쳐 41,800,000원을 F 명의 계좌로 송금함.
- 피고인은 2018. 4. 16.부터 2018. 9. 11.까지 피해회사 명의 신용카드를 이용하여 호텔 숙박비, 해외 출장비 명목 등으로 총 77회에 걸쳐 합계 10,225,969원을 개인 용도로 소비함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
업무상 배임죄 성립 여부
- 법리: 업무상배임죄의 고의는 임무위배 행위와 이로 인한 자기 또는 제3자의 이익 취득 및 본인의 손해 발생에 대한 인식이나 의사를 의미함. 경영상 판단에 대한 배임 고의는 경영상 판단에 이르게 된 경위, 동기, 사업 내용, 경제적 상황, 손실 발생 및 이익 획득 개연성 등을 종합적으로 고려하여, 경영자가 법령, 계약, 신의성실의 원칙상 당연히 해야 할 행위를 하지 않거나 하지 않아야 할 행위를 하여 재산상 이익을 취득하거나 제3자로 하여금 취득하게 하고 본인에게 손해를 입혔다면 인정됨.
- 법원의 판단:
- 피고인은 피해회사의 대표이사로서 회사의 이익을 위해 성실히 업무를 관리·집행할 의무가 있었음.
- E는 용역계약 체결 당시 전문성이 없었고, F는 계약 체결 이후에야 사업자등록을 마침.
- 용역 결과물이 나오기 전 계약 체결 2주 만에 용역대금 전액을 지급한 것은 매우 이례적임.
- 피해회사는 전자상거래업을 실제 영위하지 않았고, 이 사건 이전 관련 용역 의뢰 사례도 없음.
- 피해회사는 지속적인 당기순손실로 D의 자금 지원을 받아 운영되었으며, 피고인은 새로운 사업 계획이나 대규모 비용 지출 시 D과 상의하고 지출 내역을 보고해야 했으나, 이 사건 용역계약에 대해 D과 상의하거나 보고하지 않음. 오히려 D에게 알리지 않도록 지시함.
- 피고인은 용역계약 이행 여부를 적절히 관리·감독하지 않았으며, E의 해외 출국 사실도 몰랐다고 진술함.
- 피고인의 용역계약 체결 동기(물류창고 비용 절감 및 전자상거래업 추진) 주장은, F 사업장의 규모와 실제 사용 내역, D과의 관계 악화 정황 등을 고려할 때 신빙성이 낮음.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
피고인을 징역 1년에 처한다.
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\ud53c\ud574\ud68c\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uc190\ud574\ub97c \uac00\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uc778\uc2dd\ud558\uace0 \uc758\ub3c4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud589\uc704\ub97c \ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ub418\uc5b4 \ubc30\uc784\uc758 \uace0\uc758\uc640 \ubd88\ubc95\uc774\ub4dd\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub428.**\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2011. 10. 27. \uc120\uace0 2009\ub3c414464 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2014. 6. 26. \uc120\uace0 2014\ub3c4753 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c356\uc870 (\uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1\ubc30\uc784)\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c355\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d (\ubc30\uc784)\n### \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ud6a1\ub839\uc8c4 \uc131\ub9bd \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1\ud6a1\ub839\uc8c4\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd88\ubc95\uc601\ub4dd\uc758\uc0ac\uc758 \uc2e4\ud604\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \ud6a1\ub839\ud589\uc704\ub294 \uac80\uc0ac\uac00 \uc785\uc99d\ud574\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uc758\uc2ec\uc774 \uc5c6\uc744 \uc815\ub3c4\uc758 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574\uc57c \ud568. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc8fc\uc2dd\ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\uac00 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uae08\uc6d0\uc744 \uc778\ucd9c\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\uc6a9\ucc98\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc99d\ube59\uc790\ub8cc\ub97c \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uace0 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uc124\uba85\uc744 \ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74, \ubd88\ubc95\uc601\ub4dd\uc758\uc0ac\ub85c \uac1c\uc778\uc801 \uc6a9\ub3c4\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ucd94\ub2e8\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uc720\ub7fd, \ud544\ub9ac\ud540 \ucd9c\uc7a5 \uc2dc \ud56d\uacf5\ub8cc, \uc219\ubc15\ube44, \uc2dd\ube44 \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \ud53c\ud574\ud68c\uc0ac \uae08\uc6d0\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0\ub294 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc601\uc5c5 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc778 \uc911\uad6d \uc678 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c \ucd9c\uc7a5 \uac04 \uc801\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\ud574\ud68c\uc0ac\ub294 D\uc758 \uc790\uae08 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544 \uc6b4\uc601\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc5c5\ubb34 \uad00\ub828 \uc9c0\ucd9c \ub0b4\uc5ed\uc744 D \uce21\uc5d0 \ubcf4\uace0\ud574\uc57c \ud588\uc73c\ub098, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uc720\ub7fd, \ud544\ub9ac\ud540 \ucd9c\uc7a5 \ub0b4\uc5ed\uacfc \uc9c0\ucd9c \ub0b4\uc5ed\uc744 \uc0ac\ud6c4\uc5d0 \ubcf4\uace0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c. \uc624\ud788\ub824 \ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc774\ud6c4 \uc18c\uae09\ud558\uc5ec \ud488\uc758\uc11c\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud558\uace0 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc5d0\uac8c \ud655\uc778\uc744 \uc694\uccad\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uc720\ub7fd \ubd84\uc720\uc9c1\uad6c \uc0ac\uc5c5 \ubc0f \uc804\uc790\uc0c1\uac70\ub798\uc5c5 \uc9c4\ucd9c\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc870\uc0ac\ub97c \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \ud53c\ud574\ud68c\uc0ac\ub294 \ubd84\uc720 \uc218\uc785 \uc2dc \ud1b5\uad00\ub300\ud589\ub9cc \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc870\uc0ac \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc774 \ub0ae\uace0, D\uc740 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc0ac\uc5c5 \ucd94\uc9c4\uc744 \uc2b9\uc778\ud55c \ubc14 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 D\uc5d0\uac8c \ubcf4\ub108\uc2a4 \uc694\uccad\uc774 \uac70\uc808\ub41c \ud6c4 D\uacfc \uc0c1\uc758\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uaca0\ub2e4\ub294 \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub97c \ubcf4\ub0b8 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc788\uc5b4, \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc0ac\uc5c5 \ucd94\uc9c4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c D\uc758 \uc2b9\uc778\uc744 \uc5bb\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \ucd9c\uc7a5 \uc77c\uc815, \uc7a5\uc18c, \uc5c5\ubb34 \uad00\ub828\uc790\ub4e4\uacfc\uc758 \ub17c\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 2\uc778\ubd84 \uc2dd\uc0ac\ube44\uc6a9 \uacb0\uc81c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ucc98\uc74c\uc5d0\ub294 \uc2dd\uc0ac\ub7c9\uc774 \uc801\uc5b4 2\uc778\ubd84\uc744 \uba39\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \uc9c4\uc220\ud588\ub2e4\uac00, \ub3d9\ubc18\uc790\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \ud655\uc778\ub418\uc790 \uc9c4\uc220\uc744 \ubc88\ubcf5\ud568.\n- **\uacb0\ub860\uc801\uc73c\ub85c, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \ud53c\ud574\ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc5c5\ubb34 \uc218\ud589\uacfc \ubb34\uad00\ud558\uac8c \uac1c\uc778\uc801 \uc6a9\ub3c4\ub85c \ud53c\ud574\ud68c\uc0ac \uae08\uc6d0\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ub428.**\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2004. 9. 24. \uc120\uace0 2004\ub3c43532 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c356\uc870 (\uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1\ud6a1\ub839)\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c355\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d (\ud6a1\ub839)\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- **\uc720\ub9ac\ud55c \uc815\uc0c1**: \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uc544\ubb34\ub7f0 \ubc94\uc8c4\uc804\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \ucd08\ubc94\uc784.\n- **\ubd88\ub9ac\ud55c \uc815\uc0c1**: \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \ud53c\ud574\ud68c\uc0ac \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\ub85c\uc11c \uc790\uae08 \uad00\ub9ac \ubc0f \uc9d1\ud589 \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \uc9c0\uc704\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ud68c\uc0ac \uc790\uae08 10,225,969\uc6d0\uc744 \ud6a1\ub839\ud558\uace0, \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc784\ubb34\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc30\ud558\uc5ec \ud68c\uc0ac\uc5d0 41,800,000\uc6d0 \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc758 \uc190\ud574\ub97c \ub07c\uce68. \ubc94\ud589\uc758 \uacbd\uc704, \ub0b4\uc6a9, \ubc29\ubc95, \ud53c\ud574\uae08\uc561 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \uc8c4\ucc45\uc774 \ubb34\uac70\uc6c0. \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uacf5\uc18c\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \ubd80\uc778\ud558\uba70 \ud53c\ud574\ud68c\ubcf5 \ub178\ub825\uc744 \uae30\uc6b8\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\uc758 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc784 \ubc0f \ud6a1\ub839 \ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568. \ud2b9\ud788 \uacbd\uc601\uc0c1 \ud310\ub2e8\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uba85\ubaa9\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ud589\uc704\ub77c\ub3c4, \uadf8 \uacbd\uc704\uc640 \ub3d9\uae30, \uc2e4\uc81c \ub0b4\uc6a9, \ud68c\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce5c \uc601\ud5a5 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc784\ubb34 \uc704\ubc30 \uc5ec\ubd80\uc640 \ubd88\ubc95\uc601\ub4dd\uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc2e4\uc18c\uc720\uc8fc\uc640\uc758 \uad00\uacc4 \uc545\ud654\uac00 \ubc94\ud589 \ub3d9\uae30\ub85c \uc791\uc6a9\ud588\uc74c\uc744 \uac04\uc811\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud558\uba70, \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uac1c\uc778\uc801\uc778 \uac08\ub4f1\uc774 \ud68c\uc0ac \uc790\uae08 \uc720\uc6a9\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \ud68c\uc0ac \uc790\uae08\uc744 \uac1c\uc778\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\uc6a9\ud558\uac70\ub098, \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uadfc\uac70 \uc5c6\uc774 \uc9c0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \ud2b9\ud61c\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\ub294 \ud589\uc704\ub294 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc784 \ubc0f \ud6a1\ub839\uc73c\ub85c \ucc98\ubc8c\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568.\n- \uc99d\ube59 \uc790\ub8cc \ubd80\uc7ac \ubc0f \ubd88\ud569\ub9ac\ud55c \ud574\uba85\uc740 \ubd88\ubc95\uc601\ub4dd\uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \ucd94\ub2e8\ud558\ub294 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uadfc\uac70\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568."}
- E가 용역업무를 실제 수행했다고 보기 어려우며, 용역대금은 주로 F의 운영비, E와 피고인의 인건비 등으로 사용됨.
- 피고인은 피해회사 퇴직 후 F에 입사하여 월급을 지급받았고, 용역대금 사용처에 대한 질문에 자신이 N이라고 속이며 허위 답변을 하는 등 금전적 이득을 취하고 이를 숨기려 한 정황이 있음.
- 결론적으로, 피고인의 행위는 임무 위배 행위에 해당하며, E에게 재산상 이익을 취득하게 하고 피해회사에 손해를 가한다는 점을 인식하고 의도적으로 행위를 한 것으로 판단되어 배임의 고의와 불법이득의 의사가 인정됨.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2011. 10. 27. 선고 2009도14464 판결
- 대법원 2014. 6. 26. 선고 2014도753 판결
- 형법 제356조 (업무상배임)
- 형법 제355조 제2항 (배임)
업무상 횡령죄 성립 여부
- 법리: 업무상횡령죄에서 불법영득의사의 실현으로서의 횡령행위는 검사가 입증해야 하며, 합리적인 의심이 없을 정도의 엄격한 증거에 의해야 함. 그러나 주식회사의 대표이사가 회사의 금원을 인출하여 사용