대전지방법원 | 2017-07-05 | 2015가합107667
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
상시 4인 이하 사업장의 해고 유효성 및 임금 청구 사건
결과 요약
- 해고무효확인청구는 확인의 이익이 없어 각하함.
- 회사는 근로자에게 미지급 임금 62,605,500원 및 지연손해금을 지급함.
- 근로자의 나머지 청구는 기각함.
사실관계
- 회사는 B 총회가 국내 개척교회 설립 및 지원 목적으로 설립한 비법인사단임.
- 근로자는 총회에서 안수받은 목사이자 2007. 9.경부터 회사의 기금국장으로 근무함.
- 2014. 12. 9. 회사의 제170차 정기이사회에서 회장의 기금 운영 문제점이 지적됨.
- 총회 조사위원회는 피고 운영 전반을 조사하며 근로자의 겸직(기금국장 및 E교회 담임목사)을 지적함.
- 피고 이사회는 2015. 4. 28. 원고 해임을 결의하고, 2015. 5. 14. 근로자에게 해임을 통보함(해당 해고).
- 근로자는 2015. 10. 1. 해당 해고 무효를 주장하며 소를 제기함.
- 회사는 이 사건 소 계속 중이던 2016. 3. 15. 근로자에게 피고 운영내규 제7조 제3항에 따라 보직을 해임한다는 내용증명을 발송함(이 사건 보직해임).
- 회사는 상시 4인 이하의 근로자를 사용하는 사업장임.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
1. 상시 4인 이하 사업장의 해고 정당성 및 절차 위반 여부
- 법리: 근로기준법 제23조 제1항은 상시 4인 이하의 근로자를 사용하는 사업장에는 적용되지 않음. 그러나 근로계약이 기간의 정함이 없는 경우, 민법 제660조 제1항이 적용될 수 있으나, 당사자 의사에 따라 적용을 배제할 수 있는 임의규정이므로, 해고에 일정한 절차를 거치도록 특약하였다면 이에 따라야 하며, 이를 위반한 해고는 무효임. 해고는 근로자의 의사에 반하여 사용자의 일방적 의사에 의해 이루어지는 모든 근로계약관계 종료를 의미함.
- 판단:
- 회사는 상시 4인 이하의 근로자를 사용하는 사업장이므로 근로기준법 제23조 제1항이 적용되지 않음.
- 그러나 이 사건 운영내규 제10조 제4항은 "2차 이상 감봉처분을 받은 자나 본회의 직책을 6개월 이상 보직되지 아니한 자는 파면 및 퇴직시킬 수 있다"고 규정함.
- 근로자가 해고 당시 2차례 이상 감봉처분을 받았거나 보직해임된 사실이 없으므로, 해당 해고는 이 사건 운영내규에 규정된 제한과 절차에 위배되어 무효임.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
대전지방법원 제11민사부 판결
사건: 2015가합107667 해고무효확인 원고: A 피고: B종교단체 C선교회 변론종결: 2017. 6. 7. 판결선고: 2017. 7. 5.
1. 이 사건 소 중 해고무효확인청구 부분을 각하한다. 2. 피고는 원고에게 62,605,500원 및 이에 대하여 2017. 5. 13.부터 2017. 7. 5.까지 연 5%, 그 다음날부터 다 갚는 날까지 연 15%의 각 비율로 계산한 금원을 지급하라. 3. 원고의 나머지 청구를 기각한다. 4. 소송비용은 각자 부담한다. 5. 제2항은 가집행할 수 있다.
1. 기초 사실 가. 피고는 B 총회(이하 '총회'라고 한다)가 국내에 개척교회를 설립하고 이를 지원하기 위한 목적으로 설립한 비법인사단이다. 원고는 총회에서 안수받은 목사이자 2007. 9.경부터 피고의 기금국장으로 근무한 자이다. 나. 2014. 12. 9. 피고의 제170차 정기이사회에서 당시 피고의 회장이던 D의 기금운 영에 관한 문제점 등이 지적되었다. 이를 계기로 총회 조사위원회는 기금관리를 포함한 피고 운영 전반에 관한 문제점을 조사하게 되었다. 이 과정에서 원고는 조사위원회 로부터 겸직 건(피고의 기금국장으로 근무하며 개별교회인 E교회의 담임목사를 겸직하는 부분) 등에 대해 지적받았다. 다. 피고 이사회는
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\ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uae30\uae08\uad6d\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ubb34\ud568.\n- 2014. 12. 9. \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc81c170\ucc28 \uc815\uae30\uc774\uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud68c\uc7a5\uc758 \uae30\uae08 \uc6b4\uc601 \ubb38\uc81c\uc810\uc774 \uc9c0\uc801\ub428.\n- \ucd1d\ud68c \uc870\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 \ud53c\uace0 \uc6b4\uc601 \uc804\ubc18\uc744 \uc870\uc0ac\ud558\uba70 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uacb8\uc9c1(\uae30\uae08\uad6d\uc7a5 \ubc0f E\uad50\ud68c \ub2f4\uc784\ubaa9\uc0ac)\uc744 \uc9c0\uc801\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0 \uc774\uc0ac\ud68c\ub294 2015. 4. 28. \uc6d0\uace0 \ud574\uc784\uc744 \uacb0\uc758\ud558\uace0, 2015. 5. 14. \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ud574\uc784\uc744 \ud1b5\ubcf4\ud568(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0).\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2015. 10. 1. \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0 \ubb34\ud6a8\ub97c \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uba70 \uc18c\ub97c \uc81c\uae30\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc18c \uacc4\uc18d \uc911\uc774\ub358 2016. 3. 15. \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ud53c\uace0 \uc6b4\uc601\ub0b4\uaddc \uc81c7\uc870 \uc81c3\ud56d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubcf4\uc9c1\uc744 \ud574\uc784\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc99d\uba85\uc744 \ubc1c\uc1a1\ud568(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ubcf4\uc9c1\ud574\uc784).\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc0c1\uc2dc 4\uc778 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc784.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### 1. \uc0c1\uc2dc 4\uc778 \uc774\ud558 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc758 \ud574\uace0 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131 \ubc0f \uc808\ucc28 \uc704\ubc18 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc740 \uc0c1\uc2dc 4\uc778 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc5d0\ub294 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \uae30\uac04\uc758 \uc815\ud568\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0, \ubbfc\ubc95 \uc81c660\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc801\uc6a9\uc744 \ubc30\uc81c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc784\uc758\uaddc\uc815\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uac70\uce58\ub3c4\ub85d \ud2b9\uc57d\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uba74 \uc774\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \uc774\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud55c \ud574\uace0\ub294 \ubb34\ud6a8\uc784. \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc77c\ubc29\uc801 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uad00\uacc4 \uc885\ub8cc\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc0c1\uc2dc 4\uc778 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc6b4\uc601\ub0b4\uaddc \uc81c10\uc870 \uc81c4\ud56d\uc740 \"2\ucc28 \uc774\uc0c1 \uac10\ubd09\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \uc790\ub098 \ubcf8\ud68c\uc758 \uc9c1\ucc45\uc744 6\uac1c\uc6d4 \uc774\uc0c1 \ubcf4\uc9c1\ub418\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud55c \uc790\ub294 \ud30c\uba74 \ubc0f \ud1f4\uc9c1\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\"\uace0 \uaddc\uc815\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ud574\uace0 \ub2f9\uc2dc 2\ucc28\ub840 \uc774\uc0c1 \uac10\ubd09\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ubc1b\uc558\uac70\ub098 \ubcf4\uc9c1\ud574\uc784\ub41c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc5c6\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc6b4\uc601\ub0b4\uaddc\uc5d0 \uaddc\uc815\ub41c \uc81c\ud55c\uacfc \uc808\ucc28\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc30\ub418\uc5b4 \ubb34\ud6a8\uc784.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2008. 3. 14. \uc120\uace0 2007\ub2e41418 \ud310\uacb0: \uc0c1\uc2dc 4\uc778 \uc774\ud558 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc774\ub77c\ub3c4 \ud574\uace0 \uc808\ucc28 \ud2b9\uc57d \uc704\ubc18 \uc2dc \ud574\uace0 \ubb34\ud6a8.\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2011. 3. 24. \uc120\uace0 2010\ub2e492148 \ud310\uacb0: \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc815\uc758.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d: \"\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc774 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \ud574\uace0\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c\ub2e4.\"\n- \ubbfc\ubc95 \uc81c660\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d: \"\uace0\uc6a9\uae30\uac04\uc758 \uc57d\uc815\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790\ub294 \uc5b8\uc81c\ub4e0\uc9c0 \uacc4\uc57d\ud574\uc9c0\uc758 \ud1b5\uace0\ub97c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.\"\n### 2. \ud574\uace0\ubb34\ud6a8\ud655\uc778\uccad\uad6c\uc758 \ud655\uc778\uc758 \uc774\uc775 \uc720\ubb34\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \ud574\uace0\ubb34\ud6a8\ud655\uc778\uc758 \uc18c\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc0c1\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704 \ud68c\ubcf5\uc744 \ubaa9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc2ec \ubcc0\ub860\uc885\uacb0 \ub2f9\uc2dc \ub610\ub294 \uc18c\uc1a1 \uacc4\uc18d \uc911 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc774\ubbf8 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc801\ubc95\ud558\uac8c \ud574\uace0\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uba74 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub85c\uc11c \uc9c0\uc704 \ud68c\ubcf5\uc774 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc5b4 \ud655\uc778\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc6b4\uc601\ub0b4\uaddc \uc81c7\uc870 \uc81c3\ud56d\uc740 \"\ud68c\uc7a5\uc740 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc758 \ubcf4\uc9c1\uc744 \ud574\uc784\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ud574\uc784\ub41c \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc774 6\uac1c\uc6d4 \uc774\uc0c1 \ubcf4\uc9c1\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \ud1f4\uc9c1\ub41c\ub2e4\"\uace0 \uaddc\uc815\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uac00 2016. 3. 15. \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ubcf4\uc9c1\ud574\uc784\uc744 \ud1b5\ubcf4\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uadf8\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 6\uac1c\uc6d4\uc774 \uacbd\uacfc\ud560 \ub54c\uae4c\uc9c0 \ubcf4\uc9c1\uc744 \ubd80\uc5ec\ubc1b\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud568.\n- \ube44\ub85d \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\uac00 \ubb34\ud6a8\uc774\ub098, \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\ub294 2016. 9. 15. \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ubcf4\uc9c1\ud574\uc784 \ud6c4 6\uac1c\uc6d4\uc774 \uacbd\uacfc\ud558\uc5ec \uc801\ubc95\ud558\uac8c \uc885\ub8cc\ub428.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \ubb34\ud6a8\ud655\uc778\uc744 \uad6c\ud558\ub294 \ubd80\ubd84\uc740 \ud655\uc778\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5b4 \ubd80\uc801\ubc95\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1995. 4. 11. \uc120\uace0 94\ub2e44011 \ud310\uacb0: \ud574\uace0\ubb34\ud6a8\ud655\uc778 \uc18c\uc758 \ud655\uc778\uc758 \uc774\uc775.\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1998. 8. 21. \uc120\uace0 96\ub2e425401 \ud310\uacb0: \ud574\uace0\ubb34\ud6a8\ud655\uc778 \uc18c\uc758 \ud655\uc778\uc758 \uc774\uc775.\n### 3. \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uc784\uae08 \uccad\uad6c\uc758 \ubc94\uc704\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uadc0\ucc45\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \ud574\uace0\ub41c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ud574\uace0\uae30\uac04 \uc911 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc9c1\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5bb\uc740 \uc774\uc775(\uc911\uac04\uc218\uc785)\uc740 \ubbfc\ubc95 \uc81c538\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d\uc758 '\ucc44\ubb34\ub97c \uba74\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc5bb\uc740 \uc774\uc775'\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \uc784\uae08\uc561\uc5d0\uc11c \uacf5\uc81c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\ub294 \ubb34\ud6a8\uc774\ub098, \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\ub294 2016. 9. 15. \uc801\ubc95\ud558\uac8c \uc885\ub8cc\ub428.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c 2015. 5. 1.\ubd80\ud130 2016. 9. 15.\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \uc6d4 \uae09\uc5ec 56,347,500\uc6d0 \ubc0f \ubcf5\ub9ac\ud6c4\uc0dd\ube44 6,258,000\uc6d0\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud560 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uc790\ub140\uad50\uc721\ube44\ub294 2009. 12. 10. \uc815\uae30\ucd1d\ud68c \uc774\uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\ucd9c \uc608\uc0b0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ad\uc81c\ud558\uae30\ub85c \uacb0\uc758\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc8fc\ud0dd\ubcf4\uc870\ube44\ub294 2014. 12. 9. \uc815\uae30\ucd1d\ud68c \uc774\uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uae30\ub85c \uacb0\uc758\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774 \ubd80\ubd84 \uccad\uad6c\ub294 \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc190\uc775\uc0c1\uacc4 \uc8fc\uc7a5(\uc6d0\uace0\uac00 E\uad50\ud68c \ub2f4\uc784\ubaa9\uc0ac \uacb8\uc9c1\uc73c\ub85c \uc5bb\uc740 \uc774\uc775 \uacf5\uc81c)\uc740, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ud574\uace0 \uc774\uc804\ubd80\ud130 E\uad50\ud68c \ub2f4\uc784\ubaa9\uc0ac\ub97c \uacb8\uc9c1\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 '\ucc44\ubb34\ub97c \uba74\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc5bb\uc740 \uc774\uc775'\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\uace0, \uc774\uc775 \uc561\uc218\ub97c \ud2b9\uc815\ud560 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \ubd80\uc871\ud558\uc5ec \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- 2016. 9. 16. \uc774\ud6c4\uc758 \uc784\uae08 \uccad\uad6c\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc885\ub8cc\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ubbfc\ubc95 \uc81c538\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d: \"\ucc44\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uc218\ub839\uc9c0\uccb4 \uc911\uc5d0 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uc30d\ubc29\uc758 \ucc45\uc784 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc774\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uac8c \ub41c \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \ucc44\ubb34\uc790\ub294 \uadf8 \ubd88\uc774\ud589\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1\ucc45\uc784\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ucc44\ubb34\uc790\ub294 \uc790\uae30\uc758 \ucc44\ubb34\ub97c \uba74\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc5bb\uc740 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \uc774\ub97c \ucc44\uad8c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc0c1\ud658\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.\"\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc0c1\uc2dc 4\uc778 \uc774\ud558 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc758 \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5 \ub0b4\ubd80 \uaddc\uc815\uc5d0 \ud574\uace0 \uc808\ucc28\ub098 \uc81c\ud55c\uc774 \uba85\uc2dc\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74 \uc774\ub97c \uc900\uc218\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568. \uc774\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \uc790\uc720\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud574\uc9c0\ub97c \ud5c8\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ubbfc\ubc95 \uc81c660\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc758 \uc784\uc758\uaddc\uc815\uc131\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec, \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uac04\uc758 \ud2b9\uc57d\uc774 \uc6b0\uc120\ud568\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud55c \uac83\uc784.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \ud574\uace0\ubb34\ud6a8\ud655\uc778\uccad\uad6c\uc758 \ud655\uc778\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\uc758 \ud68c\ubcf5 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \uc804\uc81c\ub85c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud558\uba70, \uc18c\uc1a1 \uc911 \uc801\ubc95\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc885\ub8cc\ub41c \uacbd\uc6b0 \ud655\uc778\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uc774 \uc18c\uba78\ud568\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud568. \uc774\ub294 \uc18c\uc1a1 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uce21\uba74\uacfc \uc2e4\uc81c\uc801 \uad8c\ub9ac \uad6c\uc81c \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud55c \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \ud310\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \uc784\uae08 \uccad\uad6c\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uacb8\uc9c1\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc218\uc785\uc744 \uc911\uac04\uc218\uc785\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc810\uc774 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud560 \ub9cc\ud568. \uc774\ub294 \uacb8\uc9c1\uc774 \ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc600\uace0, \ud574\uace0 \uc774\uc804\ubd80\ud130 \uc9c0\uc18d\ub41c \uc218\uc785\uc774\uc5c8\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud574\uace0\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc0c8\ub86d\uac8c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \uc774\uc775\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4\ub294 \ud310\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uc11d\ub428."}
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2008. 3. 14. 선고 2007다1418 판결: 상시 4인 이하 사업장이라도 해고 절차 특약 위반 시 해고 무효.
- 대법원 2011. 3. 24. 선고 2010다92148 판결: 해고의 정의.
- 근로기준법 제23조 제1항: "사용자는 정당한 이유 없이 근로자를 해고하지 못한다."
- 민법 제660조 제1항: "고용기간의 약정이 없는 때에는 당사자는 언제든지 계약해지의 통고를 할 수 있다."
2. 해고무효확인청구의 확인의 이익 유무
- 법리: 해고무효확인의 소는 근로계약상의 지위 회복을 목적으로 하므로, 사실심 변론종결 당시 또는 소송 계속 중 근로자가 이미 다른 이유로 적법하게 해고되었다면 근로자로서 지위 회복이 불가능하게 되어 확인의 이익이 없음.
- 판단:
- 이 사건 운영내규 제7조 제3항은 "회장은 직원의 보직을 해임할 수 있으며, 해임된 직원이 6개월 이상 보직되지 않으면 자동으로 퇴직된다"고 규정함.
- 회사가 2016. 3. 15. 근로자에게 보직해임을 통보하였고, 근로자가 그로부터 6개월이 경과할 때까지 보직을 부여받지 못함.
- 비록 해당 해고가 무효이나, 원고와 회사의 근로관계는 2016. 9. 15. 이 사건 보직해임 후 6개월이 경과하여 적법하게 종료됨.
- 따라서 해당 해고의 무효확인을 구하는 부분은 확인의 이익이 없어 부적법함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 1995. 4. 11. 선고 94다4011 판결: 해고무효확인 소의 확인의 이익.
- 대법원 1998. 8. 21. 선고 96다25401 판결: 해고무효확인 소의 확인의 이익.
3. 미