광주고등법원 (전주) | 2015-06-18 | 2013나2547
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
투자계약 해지에 따른 투자금 반환 청구 소송에서 투자계약의 당사자, 유효성, 채무 이행 여부 및 해지 적법성 판단
결과 요약
- 원고와 피고 사이의 투자계약은 적법하게 해지되었으며, 회사는 근로자에게 투자금 3억 원 및 지연손해금을 지급할 의무가 있음.
사실관계
- 원고와 그 남편 C은 유한회사 D를 공동 운영하다가, 2008. 8. 1. 피고와 D의 영업용 자산 일체를 3억 원으로 평가하여 근로자가 회사에게 투자하고, 회사는 근로자에게 회사의 지분 25%를 확보해주기로 하는 투자계약(이하 '이 사건 투자계약')을 체결하였음.
- 이 사건 투자계약 당시 E는 회사의 대표이사였고, D는 2008. 9. 7. 주류 판매 정지처분을 받고 2008. 12. 1. 폐업 신고를 하였음.
- 회사는 2010. 2. 22. 사원총회를 개최하여 근로자의 투자금 3억 원을 확인하고, 근로자를 미등기 사원으로서 사원명부에 등재된 사원과 동일한 자격을 갖는다고 의결하였음.
- E와 C 사이에 분쟁이 발생하였고, 회사는 2012. 6. 18. 사원총회를 개최하여 E가 회사를 실질적으로 경영하게 되었음.
- 회사는 2012. 12. 7. C에게 근무태만을 이유로 해고를 통지하였음.
- 근로자는 회사의 채무불이행을 이유로 이 사건 소장 부본 송달로써 이 사건 투자계약을 해지하였음.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
이 사건 투자계약의 당사자 확정
- 법리: 계약 당사자 확정은 당사자의 의사 해석 문제이며, 처분문서의 문언이 명확하면 문언대로의 의사표시를 인정해야 함. 행위자가 타인의 이름으로 법률행위를 한 경우, 당사자 의사가 일치하면 그에 따르고, 불일치하면 합리적인 사람이 누구를 당사자로 이해할 것인지에 따라 결정함.
- 판단:
- 이 사건 투자계약서에 투자자로 근로자가 기재되어 있음.
- C이 신용불량자였던 관계로 배우자인 근로자를 투자자로 한 것이 합리적임.
- 회사는 이 사건 투자계약 체결 후 C 해고 통지 시까지 약 52개월 동안 계약에 대해 이의를 제기하지 않았음.
- 회사는 근로자를 '자문'으로서 사원총회에 참석시켜 의결권을 행사하게 하였고, 2010. 2. 22.자 사원총회에서 근로자를 미등기 사원으로서 사원명부에 등재된 사원과 동일한 자격을 갖는다고 의결하였음.
- D는 회사에게 영업용 자산 일체를 양도함으로써 사실상 영업을 종료할 예정이었으므로 D를 계약 당사자로 보기 어려움.
- 결론: 이 사건 투자계약의 당사자는 원고라고 해석하는 것이 경제적·사회적 목적 및 거래관념, 당사자의 합리적 의사에 부합함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
광주고등법원 전주제1민사부 판결
사건: (전주)2013나2547 기타(금전) 원고,피항소인: A 피고,항소인: 유한회사 B 제1심판결: <case_cite ref="전주지방법원 군산지원/2012가합3328">전주지방법원 군산지원 2013. 8. 29. 선고 2012가합3328 판결</case_cite> 변론종결: 2015. 5. 7. 판결선고: 2015. 6. 18.
1. 피고의 항소를 기각한다. 2. 항소비용은 피고가 부담한다.
1. 인정사실 가. 원고와 그 남편인 C은 수입주류 도매업 등을 영위하는 유한회사 D(이하 'D'라 한다)를 공동으로 운영하다가, 2008. 8. 1. 피고와 D의 영업용 자산 일체를 300,000,000원으로 평가하여 원고가 피고에게 이를 투자하고, 피고는 원고에게 피고의 지분 25%를 확보하여 주기로 하는 투자계약을 체결하였는데, 그 주요 내용은 아래와 같다(이하 '이 사건 투자계약'이라 한다). <table_bc id="2_1" src="20220227/a5a28dedf57bfa9f_table_1.jpg" width="1325" height="898" x_position="164" y_position="954" /
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html", "member_only": false, "extraction_method": "next_data", "ai_summary": "# \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d \ud574\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ud22c\uc790\uae08 \ubc18\ud658 \uccad\uad6c \uc18c\uc1a1\uc5d0\uc11c \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790, \uc720\ud6a8\uc131, \ucc44\ubb34 \uc774\ud589 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ubc0f \ud574\uc9c0 \uc801\ubc95\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \ud53c\uace0 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc740 \uc801\ubc95\ud558\uac8c \ud574\uc9c0\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ud22c\uc790\uae08 3\uc5b5 \uc6d0 \ubc0f \uc9c0\uc5f0\uc190\ud574\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud560 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \uadf8 \ub0a8\ud3b8 C\uc740 \uc720\ud55c\ud68c\uc0ac D\ub97c \uacf5\ub3d9 \uc6b4\uc601\ud558\ub2e4\uac00, 2008. 8. 1. \ud53c\uace0\uc640 D\uc758 \uc601\uc5c5\uc6a9 \uc790\uc0b0 \uc77c\uccb4\ub97c 3\uc5b5 \uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uc5ec \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ud22c\uc790\ud558\uace0, \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc9c0\ubd84 25%\ub97c \ud655\ubcf4\ud574\uc8fc\uae30\ub85c \ud558\ub294 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d(\uc774\ud558 '\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d')\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d \ub2f9\uc2dc E\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\uc600\uace0, D\ub294 2008. 9. 7. \uc8fc\ub958 \ud310\ub9e4 \uc815\uc9c0\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ubc1b\uace0 2008. 12. 1. \ud3d0\uc5c5 \uc2e0\uace0\ub97c \ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2010. 2. 22. \uc0ac\uc6d0\ucd1d\ud68c\ub97c \uac1c\ucd5c\ud558\uc5ec \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud22c\uc790\uae08 3\uc5b5 \uc6d0\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ubbf8\ub4f1\uae30 \uc0ac\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6d0\uba85\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub4f1\uc7ac\ub41c \uc0ac\uc6d0\uacfc \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc790\uaca9\uc744 \uac16\ub294\ub2e4\uace0 \uc758\uacb0\ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- E\uc640 C \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \ubd84\uc7c1\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc600\uace0, \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2012. 6. 18. \uc0ac\uc6d0\ucd1d\ud68c\ub97c \uac1c\ucd5c\ud558\uc5ec E\uac00 \ud53c\uace0\ub97c \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uacbd\uc601\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2012. 12. 7. C\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ubb34\ud0dc\ub9cc\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ud574\uace0\ub97c \ud1b5\uc9c0\ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \ucc44\ubb34\ubd88\uc774\ud589\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc18c\uc7a5 \ubd80\ubcf8 \uc1a1\ub2ec\ub85c\uc368 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \ud574\uc9c0\ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \ud655\uc815\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uacc4\uc57d \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \ud655\uc815\uc740 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac \ud574\uc11d \ubb38\uc81c\uc774\uba70, \ucc98\ubd84\ubb38\uc11c\uc758 \ubb38\uc5b8\uc774 \uba85\ud655\ud558\uba74 \ubb38\uc5b8\ub300\ub85c\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud574\uc57c \ud568. \ud589\uc704\uc790\uac00 \ud0c0\uc778\uc758 \uc774\ub984\uc73c\ub85c \ubc95\ub960\ud589\uc704\ub97c \ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0, \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uc758\uc0ac\uac00 \uc77c\uce58\ud558\uba74 \uadf8\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uace0, \ubd88\uc77c\uce58\ud558\uba74 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \ub204\uad6c\ub97c \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790\ub85c \uc774\ud574\ud560 \uac83\uc778\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uacb0\uc815\ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c\uc5d0 \ud22c\uc790\uc790\ub85c \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uae30\uc7ac\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc74c.\n- C\uc774 \uc2e0\uc6a9\ubd88\ub7c9\uc790\uc600\ub358 \uad00\uacc4\ub85c \ubc30\uc6b0\uc790\uc778 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ud22c\uc790\uc790\ub85c \ud55c \uac83\uc774 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc784.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0 \ud6c4 C \ud574\uace0 \ud1b5\uc9c0 \uc2dc\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc57d 52\uac1c\uc6d4 \ub3d9\uc548 \uacc4\uc57d\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc774\uc758\ub97c \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c '\uc790\ubb38'\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6d0\ucd1d\ud68c\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc11d\uc2dc\ucf1c \uc758\uacb0\uad8c\uc744 \ud589\uc0ac\ud558\uac8c \ud558\uc600\uace0, 2010. 2. 22.\uc790 \uc0ac\uc6d0\ucd1d\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ubbf8\ub4f1\uae30 \uc0ac\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6d0\uba85\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub4f1\uc7ac\ub41c \uc0ac\uc6d0\uacfc \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc790\uaca9\uc744 \uac16\ub294\ub2e4\uace0 \uc758\uacb0\ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- D\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc601\uc5c5\uc6a9 \uc790\uc0b0 \uc77c\uccb4\ub97c \uc591\ub3c4\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc0c1 \uc601\uc5c5\uc744 \uc885\ub8cc\ud560 \uc608\uc815\uc774\uc5c8\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c D\ub97c \uacc4\uc57d \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790\ub85c \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- **\uacb0\ub860**: \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\ub77c\uace0 \ud574\uc11d\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801\u00b7\uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \ubaa9\uc801 \ubc0f \uac70\ub798\uad00\ub150, \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790\uc758 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ubd80\ud569\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2013. 4. 26. \uc120\uace0 2013\ub2e42245\ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1998. 3. 13. \uc120\uace0 97\ub2e422089\ud310\uacb0\n### \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \ubb34\ud6a8 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \ucc98\ubd84\ubb38\uc11c\uc758 \uc9c4\uc815\uc131\ub9bd\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uba74 \ubb38\uc5b8\uc758 \uac1d\uad00\uc801 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uc11d\ud574\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \ubb38\uc5b8\uc774 \uba85\ud655\ud558\uba74 \uadf8 \uae30\uc7ac \ub0b4\uc6a9\ub300\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ud574\uc57c \ud568. \ubbfc\ubc95 \uc81c103\uc870\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \ubc18\uc0ac\ud68c\uc9c8\uc11c \ud589\uc704\ub294 \ubc95\ub960\ud589\uc704\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774 \uc120\ub7c9\ud55c \ud48d\uc18d \uae30\ud0c0 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc9c8\uc11c\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc18\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \ub3d9\uae30\uac00 \ubc18\uc0ac\ud68c\uc9c8\uc11c\uc801\uc778 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub3c4 \ud3ec\ud568\ud568. \ud1b5\uc815\ud5c8\uc704\ud45c\uc2dc\ub294 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\uc758 \uc9c4\uc758\uc640 \ud45c\uc2dc\uac00 \uc77c\uce58\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uadf8 \ubd88\uc77c\uce58\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0c1\ub300\ubc29\uacfc \ud569\uc758\uac00 \uc788\uc5b4\uc57c \uc131\ub9bd\ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d \ub2f9\uc2dc D\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 C\uc774 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc6b4\uc601\ud55c \ud68c\uc0ac\uc600\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c D\uc758 \uc601\uc5c5\uc6a9 \uc790\uc0b0\uc744 3\uc5b5 \uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uc5ec \ud22c\uc790\ud558\uace0 25%\uc758 \ucd9c\uc790\uc9c0\ubd84\uc744 \uc7a0\uc815\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc720\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \ud5a5\ud6c4 \uc815\uad00 \ubcc0\uacbd\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6d0\uba85\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub4f1\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc804\uc81c\ub85c \uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \uccb4\uacb0\ub418\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- D\uc758 \ubb3c\uc801\u00b7\uc778\uc801 \uc870\uc9c1\uc774 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc774\uc804\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 '\uc790\ubb38'\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6d0\ucd1d\ud68c\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc11d\ud558\uc5ec \uc758\uacb0\uad8c\uc744 \ud589\uc0ac\ud558\uc600\uc73c\uba70, C\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ubb34\ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- D\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0 \ud6c4 \ud3d0\uc5c5 \uc2e0\uace0\ub97c \ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \uad8c\ub9ac\u00b7\uc758\ubb34 \uc790\uccb4\uac00 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc9c8\uc11c\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc18\ub41c\ub2e4\uac70\ub098 \ubc18\uc0ac\ud68c\uc9c8\uc11c\uc801\uc778 \uc870\uac74\uc774 \uacb0\ubd80\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 D\uc758 \uc601\uc5c5\uc6a9 \uc790\uc0b0\uc744 \ud6a1\ub839\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ub2e8\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b0\uba70, \uadf8\ub7ec\ud55c \ub3d9\uae30\uac00 \ud45c\uc2dc\ub418\uac70\ub098 \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc54c\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uac1d\uad00\uc801 \uc790\ub8cc\ub3c4 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\uacb0\ub860**: \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 D\uc758 \uc601\uc5c5\uc6a9 \uc790\uc0b0\uc744 \ud6a1\ub839\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uac83\uc774\uac70\ub098 \uc120\ub7c9\ud55c \ud48d\uc18d \uae30\ud0c0 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc9c8\uc11c\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc18\ub418\uac70\ub098 \ud1b5\uc815\ud5c8\uc704\ud45c\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \ubb34\ud6a8\ub77c\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2002. 6. 11. \uc120\uace0 2002\ub2e46753 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2005. 7. 28. \uc120\uace0 2005\ub2e423858 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2008. 6. 12. \uc120\uace0 2008\ub2e47772, 7789 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ubbfc\ubc95 \uc81c103\uc870 (\ubc18\uc0ac\ud68c\uc9c8\uc11c\uc758 \ubc95\ub960\ud589\uc704)\n### \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ucc44\ubb34\uc774\ud589 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: (\ubcc4\ub3c4 \ubc95\ub9ac \uc5b8\uae09 \uc5c6\uc74c)\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ud53c\uace0\uc640 D\uc758 \uc790\uc0b0 \uc77c\uccb4\ub97c 3\uc5b5 \uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uc5ec \ud22c\uc790\ud558\uae30\ub85c \uacc4\uc57d\ud558\uc600\uace0, 2010. 2. 22.\uc790 \uc0ac\uc6d0\ucd1d\ud68c\uacb0\uc758\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud22c\uc790\uae08\uc6d0\uc774 3\uc5b5 \uc6d0\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud655\uc778\ub418\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 D\uc758 \uc601\uc5c5\uc744 \uad6c\uc131\ud558\ub294 \uc720\ud615\u00b7\ubb34\ud615\uc758 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uacfc \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uac00\uce58\ub97c \uac16\ub294 \uc601\uc5c5\uc6a9 \uc790\uc0b0 \uc77c\uccb4\ub97c \ud22c\uc790 \uba85\ubaa9\uc73c\ub85c \uc591\uc218\ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 D\uc758 \uc601\uc5c5\uc6a9 \uc790\uc0b0 \uc77c\uccb4\ub97c 3\uc5b5 \uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ud558\uc5ec \uc774\ub97c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucd9c\uc790\uae08\uc561\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 D\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc8fc\ub958\uc7ac\uace0\ubb3c\ub7c9\uc744 \uc778\uc218\ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4\uac00 \uad00\ub828 \ubc95\ub839\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubc18\ud488 \ud6c4 \uc7ac\ub9e4\uc218\ud558\ub294 \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uac70\ucce4\uc74c.\n- **\uacb0\ub860**: \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c D\uc758 \uc601\uc5c5\uc6a9 \uc790\uc0b0 \uc77c\uccb4\ub97c \ucd9c\uc790\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud568.\n### \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \ud574\uc9c0 \uc801\ubc95\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: (\ubcc4\ub3c4 \ubc95\ub9ac \uc5b8\uae09 \uc5c6\uc74c)\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c D\uc758 \uc601\uc5c5\uc6a9 \uc790\uc0b0\uc744 \ud22c\uc790\ud558\uace0 \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c 25%\uc758 \ucd9c\uc790\uc9c0\ubd84\uc744 \uc7a0\uc815\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\ubcf4\ud574\uc8fc\uba70, \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc815\uad00 \ubcc0\uacbd\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6d0\uba85\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub4f1\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc804\uc81c\ub85c \uccb4\uacb0\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098, \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \ucc44\ubb34 \uc774\ud589\uc744 \uac70\uc808\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.\n- C\uacfc E \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \ubd84\uc7c1\uc73c\ub85c C\uc774 \ud574\uace0\ub418\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \uc77c\ubd80 \uc0ac\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc774 \uc784\uc2dc\uc0ac\uc6d0\ucd1d\ud68c \uc18c\uc9d1\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098 E\uac00 \ubd88\uc751\ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 25%\uc758 \uc9c0\ubd84\uc744 \uc7a0\uc815\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ubc1b\uc740 \uac83\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud558\uc5ec \ucd9c\uc790\uc9c0\ubd84\uc744 \uc591\ub3c4\ud558\ub294 \ub4f1\uc758 \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \ud22c\ud558 \uc790\ubcf8\uc744 \ud68c\uc218\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uace0, \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6d0\uba85\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub4f1\uc7ac\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \uc784\uc2dc\uc0ac\uc6d0\ucd1d\ud68c \uc18c\uc9d1\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud560 \uc9c0\uc704\ub3c4 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\uacb0\ub860**: \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ucd9c\uc790\uc9c0\ubd84 25%\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \uc815\uad00 \ubcc0\uacbd\uc744 \uac70\uccd0 \uc0ac\uc6d0\uba85\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub4f1\uc7ac\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \ucc44\ubb34 \uc774\ud589\uc744 \uac70\uc808\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6d0\ucd1d\ud68c \uacb0\uc758 \uc5c6\uc774 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \ud574\uc9c0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c. \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc18c\uc7a5 \ubd80\ubcf8 \uc1a1\ub2ec\ub85c\uc368 \uc801\ubc95\ud558\uac8c \ud574\uc9c0\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \uacc4\uc18d\uc801 \uacc4\uc57d\uad00\uacc4\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \ud574\uc9c0\uc758 \ud6a8\ub825\uc740 \uc7a5\ub798\uc5d0 \ud5a5\ud558\uc5ec \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud568.\n### \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d \ud574\uc9c0\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uccad\uc0b0\uc758\ubb34\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: (\ubcc4\ub3c4 \ubc95\ub9ac \uc5b8\uae09 \uc5c6\uc74c)\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \ud574\uc9c0\ub418\uc5b4 \uc7a5\ub798\uc5d0 \ud5a5\ud558\uc5ec \ud6a8\ub825\uc744 \uc0c1\uc2e4\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ud22c\uc790\uae08 3\uc5b5 \uc6d0\uc744 \ubc18\ud658\ud560 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uac00 D\uc758 \uc601\uc5c5\uc6a9 \uc790\uc0b0 \uc77c\uccb4\ub97c \uc591\uc218\ud558\uc5ec 7\ub144 \ub0a8\uc9d3 \uc6b4\uc601\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc6d0\ubb3c\ubc18\ud658\uc740 \ud604\uc800\ud788 \uace4\ub780\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud568. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uac00\uc561\ubc18\ud658\uc774 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 D\uc758 \uc678\uc0c1\ub300\uae08\ucc44\ubb34 86,724,720\uc6d0\uc744 \ubcc0\uc81c\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uc774\ub97c \uc0c1\uacc4\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\ub098, \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ubd80\ud0c1\uc73c\ub85c D\ub97c \ub300\uc2e0\ud558\uc5ec \ubcc0\uc81c\ud558\uc600\uc74c\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uac00 D\uc758 \uc678\uc0c1\ub300\uae08\ucc44\ubb34\ub97c \ubcc0\uc81c\ud55c \uac83\uc740 D\uc758 \uc601\uc5c5\uc6a9 \uc790\uc0b0\uc744 \uc591\ub3c4\ubc1b\uc740 \ud6c4 \uacc4\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \uc8fc\ub958 \uacf5\uae09\uc744 \ubc1b\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \uc0c1\uacc4\uc758 \uc790\ub3d9\ucc44\uad8c\uc740 \uc6d0\uce59\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0c1\uacc4\uc790\uac00 \uc0c1\ub300\ubc29\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uac00\uc9c0\ub294 \ucc44\uad8c\uc774\uc5b4\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \ud53c\uace0\uac00 D\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucc44\uad8c\uc744 \uc790\ub3d9\ucc44\uad8c\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\uc5ec \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac00\uc561\ubc18\ud658\ucc44\uad8c\uacfc \uc0c1\uacc4\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ubc95\ub960 \uaddc\uc815\uc774\ub098 \uc57d\uc815\uc774 \uc5c6\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uc0c1\uacc4 \ud56d\ubcc0\uc740 \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\uacb0\ub860**: \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d \ud574\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uccad\uc0b0\uc758\ubb34\ub85c\uc11c 3\uc5b5 \uc6d0 \ubc0f \uc774\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9c0\uc5f0\uc190\ud574\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud560 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \ud655\uc815, \uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131, \ucc44\ubb34 \uc774\ud589 \uc5ec\ubd80, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud574\uc9c0\uc758 \uc801\ubc95\uc131 \ubc0f \uadf8\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uccad\uc0b0 \uc758\ubb34\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uba85\uc758\uc2e0\ud0c1\uacfc \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \uccb4\uacb0\ub418\uc5c8\uc744 \ub54c \uacc4\uc57d \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\ub294 \uae30\uc900\uacfc, \uacc4\uc57d \ud574\uc9c0 \uc2dc \uc6d0\ubb3c\ubc18\ud658\uc774 \uace4\ub780\ud560 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uac00\uc561\ubc18\ud658\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \uc0c1\uacc4 \ud56d\ubcc0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0c1\uacc4\uc758 \uc790\ub3d9\ucc44\uad8c\uc774 \uc0c1\uacc4\uc790\uac00 \uc0c1\ub300\ubc29\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uac00\uc9c0\ub294 \ucc44\uad8c\uc774\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud558\uc5ec, \uc81c3\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucc44\uad8c\uc744 \uc790\ub3d9\ucc44\uad8c\uc73c\ub85c \uc0c1\uacc4\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \ud22c\uc790\uacc4\uc57d \ubd84\uc7c1\uc5d0\uc11c \uacc4\uc57d \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790, \uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131, \ud574\uc9c0 \ubc0f \uccad\uc0b0 \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubc95\uc801 \ud310\ub2e8\uc758 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ucc38\uace0\uc790\ub8cc\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c."}
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2013. 4. 26. 선고 2013다2245판결
- 대법원 1998. 3. 13. 선고 97다22089판결
이 사건 투자계약의 무효 여부
- 법리: 처분문서의 진정성립이 인정되면 문언의 객관적 의미를 합리적으로 해석해야 하며, 문언이 명확하면 그 기재 내용대로 인정해야 함. 민법 제103조에 의한 반사회질서 행위는 법률행위의 내용이 선량한 풍속 기타 사회질서에 위반되는 경우뿐만 아니라, 동기가 반사회질서적인 경우도 포함함. 통정허위표시는 의사표시의 진의와 표시가 일치하지 않고 그 불일치에 대해 상대방과 합의가 있어야 성립함.
- 판단:
- 이 사건 투자계약 당시 D는 원고와 C이 실질적으로 운영한 회사였음.
- 근로자는 회사에게 D의 영업용 자산을 3억 원으로 평가하여 투자하고 25%의 출자지분을 잠정적으로 보유하게 되었으며, 회사가 향후 정관 변경을 통해 근로자를 사원명부에 등재하는 것을 전제로 계약이 체결되었음.
- D의 물적·인적 조직이 회사에게 이전되었고, 근로자는 '자문'으로서 사원총회에 참석하여 의결권을 행사하였으며, C은 회사의 직원으로 근무하였음.
- D는 이 사건 투자계약 체결 후 폐업 신고를 하였음.
- 이 사건 투자계약의 권리·의무 자체가 사회질서에 위반된다거나 반사회질서적인 조건이 결부되었다고 보기 어렵고, 근로자가 D의 영업용 자산을 횡