대전지방법원 | 2016-04-21 | 2015구합105000
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
기간제 근로자의 갱신기대권 불인정 및 재심판정 취소
결과 요약
- 중앙노동위원회의 재심판정을 취소하고, 원고(지방자치단체)의 피고 보조참가인(기간제 근로자)에 대한 근로계약 기간 만료 통보가 부당해고에 해당하지 않음을 인정함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 지방자치단체로, 피고 보조참가인은 2010. 9. 1. 근로자에 기간제 근로자로 채용되어 수영구 보건소에서 물리치료사로 근무함.
- 피고 보조참가인은 2014. 12. 31.자로 근로계약기간 만료 통보를 받음.
- 피고 보조참가인은 근로자의 계약기간 만료 통보가 부당해고라고 주장하며 부산지방노동위원회에 구제신청을 하였고, 부산지방노동위원회는 갱신기대권 인정 및 갱신거절의 합리적 이유 부재를 이유로 부당해고 구제신청을 인용함.
- 근로자는 위 초심판정에 불복하여 중앙노동위원회에 재심을 신청하였으나, 중앙노동위원회는 2015. 9. 11. 근로자의 재심신청을 기각함.
- 방문건강관리사업은 2013. 1. 1.부터 '지역사회 통합건강증진사업'으로 통합되었으며, 통합 전에는 기간제법 제4조 제1항 단서 제5호 및 시행령 제3조 제2항 제1호에 따라 2년을 초과하여 기간제 근로자로 사용할 수 있는 예외 사유에 해당하였음.
- 고용노동부는 2012. 1. 16. 공공부문 비정규직 근로자 중 상시, 지속적인 업무 종사자를 무기계약직으로 전환하도록 지침을 마련하였고, 보건복지부는 2012. 12. 12. 통합 후 방문건강관리사업 종사자를 무기계약직 전환 대상에 포함하기로 결정함.
- 보건복지부는 2012. 12. 28. 각 지방자치단체에 '긴급지시사항' 공문을 통해 기간제 근로자들의 근거 없는 불필요한 해고를 자제해 줄 것을 요청함.
- 피고 보조참가인은 2010. 9. 1.부터 2014. 12. 31.까지 1년 단위로 근로계약을 갱신하며 근무함.
- 근로자는 2014. 12. 1. 피고 보조참가인을 포함한 통합 후 방문건강관리사업 기간제 근로자 11명 전원에 대하여 2014. 12. 31.자 계약기간 만료를 통보함.
- 근로자는 2014. 11. 26. 통합 후 방문건강관리사업 인력을 시간선택제 임기제 공무원으로 채용하기 위한 공고를 하였고, 피고 보조참가인은 응시하지 않았으나 나머지 10명은 응시하여 전원 채용됨.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
기간제 근로자의 갱신기대권 인정 여부
- 법리: 근로계약, 취업규칙, 단체협약 등에서 기간만료에도 불구하고 일정한 요건이 충족되면 당해 근로계약이 갱신된다는 취지의 규정을 두고 있거나, 그러한 규정이 없더라도 근로계약의 내용과 근로계약이 이루어지게 된 동기 및 경위, 계약 갱신의 기준 등 갱신에 관한 요건이나 절차의 설정 여부 및 그 실태, 근로자가 수행하는 업무의 내용 등 당해 근로관계를 둘러싼 여러 사정을 종합하여 볼 때 근로계약 당사자 사이에 일정한 요건이 충족되면 근로계약이 갱신된다는 신뢰관계가 형성되어 있어 근로자에게 근로계약이 갱신될 수 있으리라는 정당한 기대권이 인정되는 경우에는, 사용자가 이를 위반하여 부당하게 근로계약의 갱신을 거절하는 것은 부당해고와 마찬가지로 아무런 효력이 없음. 갱신기대권 인정 여부 및 갱신거절의 정당성 판단 기준 시점은 원칙적으로 사용자의 갱신거절 당시임.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 중앙노동위원회가 2015. 9. 11. 원고와 피고 보조참가인 사이의 중앙 2015부해656 부당해고구제 재심신청 사건에 관하여 한 재심판정을 취소한다. 2. 소송비용 중 보조참가로 인한 부분은 피고 보조참가인이 부담하고, 나머지 부분은 피고가 부담한다.
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\uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \uc694\uac74\uc774 \ucda9\uc871\ub418\uba74 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \uac31\uc2e0\ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \ud615\uc131\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc5b4 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \uac31\uc2e0\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ub9ac\ub77c\ub294 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uc774\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \uac31\uc2e0\uc744 \uac70\uc808\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\uc640 \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uc544\ubb34\ub7f0 \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c. \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ubc0f \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8 \uae30\uc900 \uc2dc\uc810\uc740 \uc6d0\uce59\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808 \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc784.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- **\ud53c\uace0 \ubcf4\uc870\ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \ud615\uc131\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.**\n- \ud53c\uace0 \ubcf4\uc870\ucc38\uac00\uc778\uacfc \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 1\ub144 \ub2e8\uc704\ub85c \uacc4\uc57d\uae30\uac04\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uacc4\uc57d\uc11c\uc5d0 \uac31\uc2e0\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uaddc\uc815\uc774\ub098 \uc808\ucc28\uac00 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ubd80\uc0b0\uad11\uc5ed\uc2dc \ubb34\uae30\uacc4\uc57d \ubc0f \uae30\uac04\uc81c\uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uad00\ub9ac\uaddc\uc815\uc0c1 \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uadfc\ubb34\ud3c9\uc815\uc774 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc801\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uae30\uac04\uc81c\ubc95\uc758 \uc785\ubc95 \ucde8\uc9c0(\uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uc9c0\uc704 \uc548\uc815 \ubc0f \ub178\ub3d9\uc2dc\uc7a5 \uc720\uc5f0\uc131 \uc81c\uace0)\ub97c \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c, \uc7ac\uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \ud55c 2\ub144 \uc774\ub0b4\uc5d0 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc885\ub8cc\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc784.\n- \ud1b5\ud569 \uc804 \ubc29\ubb38\uac74\uac15\uad00\ub9ac\uc0ac\uc5c5\uc740 \uae30\uac04\uc81c\ubc95 \uc608\uc678\uc870\ud56d\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec 2\ub144\uc744 \ucd08\uacfc\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud574\ub3c4 \ubb34\uae30\uacc4\uc57d\uc9c1 \uc804\ud658 \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\uc5c8\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc758 \uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0\uc740 \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c \ubc1c\uc0dd \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \ud1b5\ud569 \ud6c4 \ubc29\ubb38\uac74\uac15\uad00\ub9ac\uc0ac\uc5c5\uc774 \uae30\uac04\uc81c\ubc95 \uc801\uc6a9\uc744 \ubc1b\uac8c \ub41c 2013. 1. 1.\ubd80\ud130 \ud53c\uace0 \ubcf4\uc870\ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uadfc\ub85c\ud55c \uae30\uac04\uc740 2\ub144\uc744 \ucd08\uacfc\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ubcf4\uac74\ubcf5\uc9c0\ubd80\uc758 \ubb34\uae30\uacc4\uc57d\uc9c1 \uc804\ud658 \ud611\uc870 \uc694\uccad \uacf5\ubb38\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc778 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc640 \ubb34\uad00\ud55c \uc81c3\uc790\uc758 \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc0c1\uc758 \uae30\ub300\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud558\uc5ec '\uae30\ub300\uad8c'\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0 \ubcf4\uc870\ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \ub9e4\ud574 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ubc1b\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uae30\uac04 \ub9cc\ub8cc\ub85c \uc885\ub8cc\ub418\uc5c8\uc74c\uc744 \uc804\uc81c\ub85c \ud568.\n- \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc758 \uc870\uc815 \uc2e0\uccad \ubc0f \uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc758 \uad8c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc7ac\uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0\uc744 \uac70\uc808\ud558\ub294 \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud45c\uc2dc\ud574\uc654\uc74c\uc744 \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub0c4.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc2dc\uac04\uc120\ud0dd\uc81c \uc784\uae30\uc81c \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \ucc44\uc6a9 \uacf5\uace0\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc7ac\uacc4\uc57d \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc744 \ubc30\uc81c \ub0b4\uc9c0 \uc81c\ud55c\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \uba85\uc2dc\uc801, \ubb35\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud45c\uc2dc\ud568.\n- \uae30\uac04\uc81c\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589 \uc774\ud6c4 \ucc44\uc6a9\ub41c \ud53c\uace0 \ubcf4\uc870\ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0\uc758 \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ubcf4\uac74\ubcf5\uc9c0\ubd80\uc758 \ud611\uc870 \uc694\uccad \uacf5\ubb38\uc740 \uc9c0\ubc29\uc790\uce58\ub2e8\uccb4\uc5d0 \uc778\uac74\ube44 \uc804\ud658 \ubc0f \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uace0\uc6a9 \uacbd\ub85c \uac80\ud1a0\ub97c \uc694\ub9dd\ud558\ub294 \uc815\ub3c4\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 2013. 1. 1. \uc774\ud6c4 \ub450 \ucc28\ub840 \uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uac31\uc2e0\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \ubcf4\uac74\ubcf5\uc9c0\ubd80\uc758 '\ubd88\ud544\uc694\ud55c \ud574\uace0 \uc790\uc81c' \uc9c0\uc2dc \ubc0f \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \uc694\uad6c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c, \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c\uacfc \uc9c1\uacb0\uc2dc\ud0a4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- **\uacb0\ub860**: \ud53c\uace0 \ubcf4\uc870\ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \ud53c\uace0 \ubcf4\uc870\ucc38\uac00\uc778 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\ub294 \uae30\uac04 \ub9cc\ub8cc\ub85c \uc885\ub8cc\ub418\uc5c8\uc74c. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc7ac\uc2ec\ud310\uc815\uc740 \ucde8\uc18c\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- **\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2011. 4. 14. \uc120\uace0 2007\ub4501729 \ud310\uacb0**: \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c \ubc95\ub9ac\n- **\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2014. 2. 13. \uc120\uace0 2011\ub45012528 \ud310\uacb0**: \uae30\uac04\uc81c\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uc2dc\ud589 \uc804 \ud615\uc131\ub41c \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \ubc30\uc81c \ub610\ub294 \uc81c\ud55c\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- **\uae30\uac04\uc81c \ubc0f \ub2e8\uc2dc\uac04\uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \ubcf4\ud638 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ubc95\ub960 \uc81c4\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d**: \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uae30\uac04 \uc81c\ud55c \ubc0f \uc608\uc678 \uc0ac\uc720\n- **\uae30\uac04\uc81c \ubc0f \ub2e8\uc2dc\uac04\uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \ubcf4\ud638 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ubc95\ub960 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uc81c3\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d \uc81c1\ud638**: \uae30\uac04\uc81c\ubc95 \uc81c4\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d \ub2e8\uc11c \uc81c5\ud638\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc608\uc678 \uc0ac\uc720 (\uc815\ubd80\uc758 \ubcf5\uc9c0\uc815\ucc45\u00b7\uc2e4\uc5c5\ub300\ucc45 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc77c\uc790\ub9ac\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0)\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4, \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \uc7a5\uae30\uac04 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \uac31\uc2e0\ub418\uc5b4 \uc654\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \ud615\uc131\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uae30\uac04\uc81c\ubc95\uc758 \uc608\uc678 \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub358 \uae30\uac04\uc758 \uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0\uc740 \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c \ud615\uc131\uc758 \uadfc\uac70\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc73c\uba70, \uae30\uac04\uc81c\ubc95 \uc801\uc6a9 \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0\ub3c4 2\ub144\uc758 \ucd1d \uc0ac\uc6a9\uae30\uac04\uc744 \ucd08\uacfc\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \ud615\uc131\ub418\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc694\uad6c\ub428\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568.\n- \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\uacc4\uc57d \uac70\uc808 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc, \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \uc9c0\uae09 \uad00\ud589, \ucc44\uc6a9 \ubc29\uc2dd \ubcc0\uacbd \ub4f1 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\uc815\ub4e4\uc774 \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc758 \ubc30\uc81c \ub610\ub294 \uc81c\ud55c \uc758\uc0ac\ub85c \ud574\uc11d\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \uc815\ubd80\uc758 \uc815\ucc45 \ubcc0\ud654(\uc608: \ubb34\uae30\uacc4\uc57d\uc9c1 \uc804\ud658 \uc9c0\uce68)\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 '\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc0c1\uc758 \uae30\ub300'\ub97c \ud615\uc131\ud560 \uc218\ub294 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, \uc774\uac83\uc774 \uace7\ubc14\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c '\ubc95\uc801 \uae30\ub300\uad8c'\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2d8\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \uc774 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud560 \ub54c, \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9, \uac31\uc2e0 \uad00\ud589, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac, \uad00\ub828 \ubc95\ub839 \ubc0f \uc815\ucc45 \ubcc0\ud654 \ub4f1 \uc81c\ubc18 \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568."}
- 법원의 판단:
- 피고 보조참가인에게 근로계약 갱신에 대한 정당한 기대권이 형성되었다고 볼 수 없음.
- 피고 보조참가인과 근로자는 1년 단위로 계약기간을 명시하였고, 계약서에 갱신에 관한 규정이나 절차가 없음.
- 부산광역시 무기계약 및 기간제근로자 관리규정상 기간제 근로자에 대한 근무평정이 이루어진 적이 없음.
- 기간제법의 입법 취지(기간제 근로자 지위 안정 및 노동시장 유연성 제고)를 고려할 때, 재계약 체결에 대한 갱신기대권이 인정되는 특별한 사정이 없는 한 2년 이내에 근로관계가 종료되는 것이 일반적임.
- 통합 전 방문건강관리사업은 기간제법 예외조항에 해당하여 2년을 초과하여 사용해도 무기계약직 전환 대상이 아니었으므로, 당시의 계약