서울중앙지방법원 | 2016-10-07 | 2016가합507951
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
근로기준법상 근로자성 판단 기준 및 임원의 근로자성 부정 사례
결과 요약
- 근로자의 근로자성을 부정하여, 부당해고를 주장하며 제기한 근로자의 청구를 기각함.
사실관계
- 회사는 C컴패니의 국내영업소로, 본사의 자회사들이 피고와 서비스계약을 체결하여 한국에서의 업무를 위탁·관리함.
- 근로자는 2013. 3. 24. 피고와 위임계약을 체결하여 해당 회사의 Global Offshore Marine Leader(글로벌 조선해양사업부 사장) 직으로 선임되었고, Power Conversion Korea의 Acting General Manager 직위도 대행함.
- 2015. 3.경 회사는 Power Conversion 내부에 C marine 부서를 설치하고 D를 책임자로 선임하며, 기존 글로벌 조선해양사업부를 C marine 조직에 포함시킴.
- 근로자는 2015. 7. 29. D로부터 업무가 소멸될 예정이라는 메일을 받음.
- 근로자는 2015. 10. 7. 피고로부터 조직개편으로 인한 담당 업무 소멸로 대기발령 통지를 받았고, 2015. 11. 2. 2015. 12. 3.자로 고용관계 해지 통지를 받음.
- 근로자는 회사의 근로자이며, 해고가 근로기준법상 정당한 이유 없이 이루어졌고 서면 통지 절차도 위반하여 무효라고 주장함.
- 회사는 근로자가 업무상 지시·감독 및 평가를 받지 않고 독자적인 지위와 권한을 가졌으므로 근로기준법상 근로자에 해당하지 않는다고 주장함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
근로기준법상 근로자성 여부
- 법리: 근로기준법상 근로자 여부는 계약 형식에 관계없이 실질적으로 임금을 목적으로 종속적인 관계에서 사용자에게 근로를 제공했는지 여부에 따라 판단함. 종속성 판단 시 업무 내용의 사용자 지정 여부, 취업규칙·복무규정 적용 여부, 구체적 지휘·감독 여부, 근무시간·장소 지정 및 구속 여부 등을 종합적으로 고려함.
- 법리: 회사의 업무집행권을 가진 이사 등 임원은 특별한 사정이 없는 한 사용자의 지휘감독 아래 일정한 근로를 제공하고 소정의 임금을 받는 고용관계에 있는 것이 아니어서 근로기준법상의 근로자라고 할 수 없음.
- 법원의 판단:
- 근로자의 직위 및 역할: 근로자는 대·내외적으로 해당 회사의 글로벌 조선해양사업부 사장 호칭을 사용하였고, 회사 내부에서도 Executive Band라 하여 임원으로 대우받음.
- 위임계약 내용: 위임계약서에 근로자가 C파워컨버전의 해양사업부 리더인 E에게 직속 보고하고, 해당 회사의 대표자인 F에게 참조 보고하도록 명시됨.
- 보수 및 권한: 근로자는 연봉, 성과급 외에 해당 회사의 주식 스톡옵션 및 가상 제한주식을 받았고, C컴패니의 Annual Class Grant에 참여할 권한을 부여받음.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울중앙지방법원 제42민사부 판결
사건: 2016가합507951 해고무효확인 원고: A 피고: B 변론종결: 2016. 9. 2. 판결선고: 2016. 10. 7.
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 원고가 부담한다.
1. 기초사실 가. 피고는 모든 종류의 전기, 전자, 기계, 화학, 원자핵 등의 생산, 조립, 건설, 구축 등을 영위하는 회사로서, 미국 델라웨어 주에 본사를 두고 있는 C컴패니(C Company, 이하 '본사'라고 한다)의 국내영업소이다. 본사의 자회사들은 피고와 서비스계약을 체결하고, 피고에게 한국에서의 자회사 업무를 위탁·관리하도록 하였다. 나. 피고는 Global Growth & Operation(이하 'GGO'라 한다), Aviation. Home & Business Solutions, Healthcare. Oil & Gas. Capital, Power & Water. Energy Management의 조직으로
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**\uc5c5\ubb34\uc9d1\ud589\uad8c**: \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud30c\uc6cc\ucee8\ubc84\uc804 \ud55c\uad6d\uc601\uc5c5\uc18c\uc758 \ub300\ud45c\uc790\ub85c\uc11c \uc601\uc5c5\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c, \uc784\ub300\ucc28\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uc11c\uba85\ud568.\n- **\uacb0\ub860**: \ud53c\uace0 \ubc0f \ubcf8\uc0ac\ub294 \ubcc4\ub3c4\uc758 \ubc95\uc778\uc774\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud53c\uace0 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \ucd5c\uc0c1\uc704\uae09 \uc784\uc6d0\uc774\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70 \ud30c\uc6cc\ucee8\ubc84\uc804 \ud55c\uad6d\uc601\uc5c5\uc18c\uc758 \ub4f1\uae30 \uc784\uc6d0\uc744 \uacb8\uc784\ud568. \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc790\uc2e0\uc774 \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud55c \uc5c5\ubb34\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ud558\uc5ec \uc5c5\ubb34\uc9d1\ud589\uad8c\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc784\uc9c1\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc758 \uc778\uc0ac\uad00\ub9ac\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uace0\uc720\ud55c \ud3c9\uac00\u00b7\uacb0\uc815\uc5c5\ubb34 \ub4f1\uc744 \ucd1d\uad04\ud568. \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc9c1\uc18d\uc0c1\uad00\uc740 F\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c E \ub610\ub294 D\ub85c, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 C\ud30c\uc6cc\ucee8\ubc84\uc804\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uc640\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc9c0\ud718\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5 \uc544\ub798 \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uace0 \uc18c\uc815\uc758 \uc784\uae08\uc744 \ubc1b\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2002. 7. 26. \uc120\uace0 2000\ub2e427671 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1992. 12. 22. \uc120\uace0 92\ub2e428228 \ud310\uacb0\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ud615\uc2dd\uc801 \uacc4\uc57d \uad00\uacc4\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub294 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uc885\uc18d\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uc911\uc2dc\ud558\ub294 \uae30\uc874 \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 \ud310\ub840\uc758 \uc785\uc7a5\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc784\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uc5c5\ubb34\uc9d1\ud589\uad8c\uacfc \uc778\uc0ac \uad8c\ud55c\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \ub3c5\ub9bd\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0, \ube44\ub85d \uc77c\ubd80 \ubcf4\uace0\ub098 \ud611\uc758\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4 \ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131\uc744 \ubd80\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \uc784\uc6d0\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc9c0\ud718\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5\uc744 \ubc1b\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uadf8 \uc9c0\ud718\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5\uc774 \uc77c\ubc18 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc640 \ub2ec\ub9ac \uc5c5\ubb34 \uc704\uc784\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uacb0\uacfc \ubcf4\uace0\ub098 \ud611\uc758 \uc218\uc900\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud558\ub2e4\uba74 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uace0\uc704 \uc784\uc6d0\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc9c1\ucc45, \ubcf4\uc218 \uccb4\uacc4, \uc5c5\ubb34 \ub3c5\ub9bd\uc131, \uc778\uc0ac \uad8c\ud55c, \ub4f1\uae30 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc694\uc18c\ub97c \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568."}
- 보고 체계: 근로자는 글로벌 조선해양사업부의 운영 및 조선해양 사업 전망과 관련하여 F을 거치지 않고 C컴패니의 부회장 H에게 직접 보고함.
- 인사 권한: 근로자는 글로벌 조선해양사업부의 상무급 임원에 해당하는 국내외 직원의 채용 및 인사평가, 파워컨버전 직원에 대한 인사평가를 담당하였고, KAM 채용 및 해고와 관련하여 F과 협의함.
- 등기 임원 여부: 근로자는 2014. 5. 20. 파워컨버전 한국영업소의 대표자로 등기됨.
- 업무집행권: 근로자는 파워컨버전 한국영업소의 대표자로서 영업계약서, 임대차계약서 등에 서명함.
- 결론: 피고 및 본사는 별도의 법인이고, 근로자는 해당 회사의 최상위급 임원이었으며 파워컨버전 한국영업소의 등기 임원을 겸임함. 근로자는 자신이 담당한 업무와 관련하여 업무집행권을 가지고 임직원들의 인사관리에 관한 고유한 평가·결정업무 등을 총괄함. 근로자의 직속상관은 F이 아니라 E 또는 D로, 근로자는 C파워컨버전의 지시·감독을 받은 것으로 보임. 따라서 근로자는 피고와의 관계에서 사용자의 지휘·감독 아래 일정한 근로를 제공하고 소정의 임금을 받는 근로자에 해당한다고 보기 어려움.
관련 판례 및 법