서울행정법원 | 2024-06-21 | 2022구단71267
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
특임공관장 직위해제 처분은 당연퇴직 사유에 해당하지 않음
결과 요약
- 회사는 근로자에게 미지급 보수 174,091,606원 및 미화 83,311달러와 이에 대한 지연손해금을 지급함.
- 근로자의 위자료 청구는 기각함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 2018. 2. 2. 특임공관장으로 임용되어 B대한민국대사관 특명전권대사로 근무함.
- 2018년 말, 근로자에 대한 청탁금지법 위반 등 비위 혐의 투서가 외교부에 접수됨.
- 2019. 4. 26. 외교부장관은 근로자에 대한 중징계의결을 요구하고, 2019. 5. 17. 국가공무원법 제73조의3 제1항 제3호에 따라 근로자를 직위해제함(해당 직위해제 처분).
- 2019. 6. 21. 중앙징계위원회는 근로자의 모든 징계사유를 인정하여 해임 및 징계부가금 2배 부과를 의결하였고, 2019. 7. 5. 대통령은 근로자를 해임하는 징계처분(해당 해임 처분)을 함.
- 근로자는 소청심사를 청구하여 2019. 9. 19. 소청심사위원회로부터 해임 처분을 정직 3개월로 변경하고 징계부가금 처분을 취소하는 결정을 받음.
- 근로자는 정직처분 취소 소송을 제기하여 승소하였고, 외교부장관의 항소 및 상고는 모두 기각되어 정직처분은 위법함이 확정됨.
- 외교부장관은 외무공무원법 제4조 제4항에 따라 해당 직위해제 처분 이후 60일이 되는 2019. 7. 15.자로 근로자를 당연퇴직 처리함(이 사건 당연퇴직 처리).
- 근로자는 이 사건 당연퇴직 처리가 위법하므로 회사에게 미지급 보수 및 정신적 손해에 대한 위자료를 청구함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
이 사건 당연퇴직 처리의 적법 여부
- 법리: 공무원 당연퇴직 제도는 그 사유가 발생하는 것 자체에 의해 임용권자의 의사표시 없이 퇴직사유에 해당하게 된 시점에 법률상 당연히 퇴직하는 것이고, 공무원관계를 소멸시키기 위한 별도의 행정처분을 요하지 아니하므로, 당연퇴직 사유의 존재는 객관적으로 명확하여야 함. 침익적 행정작용의 근거가 되는 행정법규는 엄격하게 해석·적용하여야 하고 그 행정작용의 상대방에게 불리한 방향으로 지나치게 확장해석하거나 유추해석해서는 안 되며, 그 해석이 문언의 통상적인 의미를 벗어나서는 안 됨.
- 판단: 외무공무원법 제4조 제4항의 '재외공관의 장의 직위에서 면'하는 것은 대통령에 의한 면직처분으로 해석함이 타당함.
- 해당 직위해제 처분은 징계의결이 이루어질 때까지 일시적으로 직위를 부여하지 아니하는 잠정적인 조치에 불과하며, 징계처분인 해당 해임 처분도 '재외공관의 장의 직위에서 면'하는 처분으로 보기 어려움.
- 해당 해임 처분은 소청심사와 행정소송을 통해 취소되었음.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 판결
사건: 2022구단71267 보수청구 등 원고: A 소송대리인 변호사 김민경, 신혜진 피고: 대한민국 소송대리인 정부법무공단 담당변호사 김명아, 김재방 변론종결: 2024. 4. 19. 판결선고: 2024. 6. 21.
1. 피고는 원고에게 174,091,606원, 미화 83,311달러 및 별지2 보수계산표 "3 원화 청구금액" 및 "6미화 청구금액"란 기재 각 금원에 대하여 같은 표 "지연손해금 기산 일"란 기재 각 기재일부터 2024. 6. 21.까지는 연 5%, 그 다음날부터 다 갚는 날까지는 연 12%의 각 비율로 계산한 돈을 지급하라. 2. 원고의 나머지 청구를 기각한다. 3. 소송비용 중 1/10은 원고가, 나머지는 피고가 각 부담한다. 4. 제1항은 가집행할 수 있다.
1. 인정사실 가. 원고는 2018. 2. 2. 구 외무공무원법(2023. 3. 4. 법률 제19228호로 개정되기 전의 것, 이하 '외무공무원법'이라 한다) 제4조에 따라 특임공관장으로 임용됨과 동시에 외교부 B대한민국대사관(이하 'B대사관'이라 한다) 특명전권대사로 발령받아 근무하였고, B대사관의 일부 직원들이 2018년 말 원고에게 부정청탁 및 금품등 수수의 금지에 관한 법률(이하 '청탁금지법'이라 한다) 위반 등의 비위 혐의가 있
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\uc678\uad50\ubd80\uc5d0 \uc811\uc218\ub428.\n- 2019. 4. 26. \uc678\uad50\ubd80\uc7a5\uad00\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc911\uc9d5\uacc4\uc758\uacb0\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud558\uace0, 2019. 5. 17. \uad6d\uac00\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c73\uc870\uc7583 \uc81c1\ud56d \uc81c3\ud638\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \uc9c1\uc704\ud574\uc81c\ud568(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc9c1\uc704\ud574\uc81c \ucc98\ubd84).\n- 2019. 6. 21. \uc911\uc559\uc9d5\uacc4\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \ud574\uc784 \ubc0f \uc9d5\uacc4\ubd80\uac00\uae08 2\ubc30 \ubd80\uacfc\ub97c \uc758\uacb0\ud558\uc600\uace0, 2019. 7. 5. \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ud574\uc784\ud558\ub294 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uc784 \ucc98\ubd84)\uc744 \ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc18c\uccad\uc2ec\uc0ac\ub97c \uccad\uad6c\ud558\uc5ec 2019. 9. 19. \uc18c\uccad\uc2ec\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ud574\uc784 \ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \uc815\uc9c1 3\uac1c\uc6d4\ub85c \ubcc0\uacbd\ud558\uace0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ubd80\uac00\uae08 \ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ucde8\uc18c\ud558\ub294 \uacb0\uc815\uc744 \ubc1b\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc815\uc9c1\ucc98\ubd84 \ucde8\uc18c \uc18c\uc1a1\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uc5ec \uc2b9\uc18c\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc678\uad50\ubd80\uc7a5\uad00\uc758 \ud56d\uc18c \ubc0f \uc0c1\uace0\ub294 \ubaa8\ub450 \uae30\uac01\ub418\uc5b4 \uc815\uc9c1\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc704\ubc95\ud568\uc774 \ud655\uc815\ub428.\n- \uc678\uad50\ubd80\uc7a5\uad00\uc740 \uc678\ubb34\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c4\uc870 \uc81c4\ud56d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc9c1\uc704\ud574\uc81c \ucc98\ubd84 \uc774\ud6c4 60\uc77c\uc774 \ub418\ub294 2019. 7. 15.\uc790\ub85c \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud568(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1 \ucc98\ub9ac).\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 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\ud2b9\uc784\uacf5\uad00\uc7a5\uc774 60\uc77c \uc774\ub0b4\uc5d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758\uacb0\uc774 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ubb34\uc870\uac74 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1\ud558\uac8c \ub418\ub294 **\ubd88\ud569\ub9ac\ud55c \uacb0\uacfc**\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc9c1\uc704\ud574\uc81c \ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc678\ubb34\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c4\uc870 \uc81c4\ud56d\uc758 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1 \ucc98\ub9ac\ub294 **\ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c**.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2016. 12. 29. \uc120\uace0 2014\ub45043806 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uad6c \uc678\ubb34\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95(2023. 3. 4. \ubc95\ub960 \uc81c19228\ud638\ub85c \uac1c\uc815\ub418\uae30 \uc804\uc758 \uac83) \uc81c4\uc870 \uc81c4\ud56d: \"\ud2b9\uc784\uacf5\uad00\uc7a5\uc740 \uc7ac\uc678\uacf5\uad00\uc758 \uc7a5\uc758 \uc9c1\uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uba74\ud55c \ud6c4 60\uc77c\uc774 \ub418\ub294 \ub0a0\uc5d0 \ud1f4\uc9c1\ud55c\ub2e4.\"\n- \uad6d\uac00\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c73\uc870\uc7583 \uc81c1\ud56d \uc81c3\ud638\n### \ubcf4\uc218 \ub610\ub294 \uadf8\uc5d0 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1\uae08\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**: \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1 \ucc98\ub9ac\uac00 \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uadfc\ubb34\uad00\uacc4\ub294 \uc720\ud6a8\ud558\uac8c \uacc4\uc18d\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1 \ucc98\ub9ac\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uadfc\ubb34 \ubd88\ub2a5\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \ucc45\uc784 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \uae30\uc778\ud568.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ubbfc\ubc95 \uc81c538\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uacc4\uc18d \uadfc\ubb34\ud558\uc600\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ubc1b\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uae09\uc5ec \uc804\ubd80\uc758 \uc9c0\uae09\uc744 \uad6c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c 2019. 7. 15.\ubd80\ud130 2021. 1.\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \ubcf4\uc218 174,091,606\uc6d0, \ubbf8\ud654 83,311\ub2ec\ub7ec \ubc0f \ubcc4\uc9c02 \ubcf4\uc218\uacc4\uc0b0\ud45c \uae30\uc7ac \uac01 \uae08\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9c0\uc5f0\uc190\ud574\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud560 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.\n### \uc704\uc790\ub8cc\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \ud589\uc815\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc798\ubabb\ub41c \ubc95\ub839\ud574\uc11d\uc5d0 \uadfc\uac70\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub3c4 \uace7\ubc14\ub85c \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc758 \uace0\uc758 \ub610\ub294 \uacfc\uc2e4\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704\ub85c \ub2e8\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc73c\uba70, \uac1d\uad00\uc801 \uc8fc\uc758\uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \ud589\uc815\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uac1d\uad00\uc801 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc0c1\uc2e4\ud55c \uc815\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\ub7ec\uc57c \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**: \uc678\ubb34\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95\ub839\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \uc678\uad50\ubd80 \ub4f1\uc758 \ubc95\ub839\ud574\uc11d \uc624\ub958\uac00 \uc774\ub860\uc758 \uc5ec\uc9c0 \uc5c6\uc774 \uba85\ubc31\ud558\uc5ec \uac1d\uad00\uc801 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc0c1\uc2e4\ud55c \uc815\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\ub800\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc81c\ucd9c\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uacfc\uc2e4\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc190\ud574 \ubc30\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud68c\ubcf5\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc815\uc2e0\uc801 \uc190\ud574\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \ubd80\uc871\ud568.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc704\uc790\ub8cc \uccad\uad6c\ub294 **\uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc74c**.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2016. 6. 23. \uc120\uace0 2015\ub2e4205864 \ud310\uacb0\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc81c\ub3c4\uc758 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \ud574\uc11d \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud558\uace0, \uce68\uc775\uc801 \ud589\uc815\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uadfc\uac70 \ubc95\uaddc \ud574\uc11d\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ubb38\uc5b8\uc758 \ud1b5\uc0c1\uc801\uc778 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098 \ud655\uc7a5 \ud574\uc11d\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc720\ucd94 \ud574\uc11d\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uacbd\uacc4\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \ud2b9\uc784\uacf5\uad00\uc7a5\uc758 \uc9c1\uc704\ud574\uc81c \ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc0ac\uc720\uc778 '\uc7ac\uc678\uacf5\uad00\uc758 \uc7a5\uc758 \uc9c1\uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uba74\ud558\ub294 \ucc98\ubd84'\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc758 \uc2e0\ubd84 \ubcf4\uc7a5\uacfc \uad00\ub828\ud558\uc5ec \ud589\uc815\uae30\uad00\uc758 \uc790\uc758\uc801\uc778 \ud574\uc11d\uc744 \uc81c\ud55c\ud558\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ub2e4\ub9cc, \ubc95\ub839 \ud574\uc11d\uc758 \uc624\ub958\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \uc704\uc790\ub8cc \uccad\uad6c\ub97c \uae30\uac01\ud55c \uc810\uc740, \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc758 \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704 \uc131\ub9bd \uc694\uac74\uc744 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud558\uac8c \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uae30\uc874 \ud310\ub840\uc758 \ud0dc\ub3c4\ub97c \ub530\ub978 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784."}
- 직위해제 처분을 당연퇴직 사유로 본다면, 중징계 의결 요구로 직위해제된 특임공관장이 60일 이내에 징계의결이 이루어지지 않는 경우 무조건 당연퇴직하게 되는 불합리한 결과가 발생할 수 있음.
- 따라서 해당 직위해제 처분은 외무공무원법 제4조 제4항의 당연퇴직 사유에 포함되지 않으므로, 이 사건 당연퇴직 처리는 효력이 없음.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2016. 12. 29. 선고 2014두43806 판결
- 구 외무공무원법(2023. 3. 4. 법률 제19228호로 개정되기 전의 것) 제4조 제4항: "특임공관장은 재외공관의 장의 직위에서 면한 후 60일이 되는 날에 퇴직한다."
- 국가공무원법 제73조의3 제1항 제3호
보수 또는 그에 상당하는 손해배상금에 대한 판단
- 판단: 이 사건 당연퇴직 처리가 효력이 없으므로 근로자의 근무관계는 유효하게 계속되었고, 이 사건 당연퇴직 처리로 인한 근무 불능은 회사의 책임 있는 사유에 기인함.
- 따라서 근로자는 민법 제538조 제1항에 따라 계속 근무하였을 경우 받을 수 있는 급여 전부의 지급을 구할 수 있음.
- 회사는 근로자에게 2019. 7. 15.부터 2021. 1.까지의 미지급 보수 174,091,606원, 미화 83,311달러 및 별지2 보수계산표 기재