서울행정법원 | 2024-04-18 | 2022구합83908
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
교원의 성희롱 및 품위유지 의무 위반에 따른 해임 처분 정당성 인정
결과 요약
- 근로자의 소청심사청구를 기각한 회사의 결정은 정당하며, 근로자의 청구를 기각함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 C대학교 미술대학 조교수로, 2017. 9. 1. 임용되어 2021. 9. 1. 재임용됨.
- 2021. 9. 8. 근로자의 성희롱 등에 관한 신고가 접수되어 대책위원회의 조사가 시작됨.
- 2021. 12. 20. 해당 대학교 총장이 참가인에게 근로자에 대한 해임 징계의결을 요구함.
- 2022. 3. 7. 징계위원회는 근로자에 대해 제1, 2, 3 징계사유(수업시간 성적 불쾌감 발언, 학생들과의 사적 만남 중 성적 언행, 사적 목적을 위한 학생 부당 처우)로 해임을 의결함.
- 2022. 3. 24. 참가인은 근로자에 대해 2022. 4. 5. 자로 해임 처분을 함.
- 2022. 5. 2. 근로자는 회사에게 해임 취소 소청심사를 청구했으나, 회사는 2022. 9. 14. 일부 징계사유는 인정되지 않으나 나머지 징계사유는 인정되고 해임이 부당하지 않다는 이유로 기각 결정을 함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
징계사유의 존부
- 법리:
- 성희롱은 지위를 이용하거나 업무 등과 관련하여 성적 언동 또는 성적 요구 등으로 상대방에게 성적 굴욕감이나 혐오감을 느끼게 하는 행위를 의미하며, 행위자에게 반드시 성적 동기나 의도가 있어야 하는 것은 아님.
- 성희롱 성립 여부는 당사자의 관계, 행위 장소 및 상황, 상대방의 반응, 행위 내용 및 정도, 일회성 또는 계속성 등 구체적 사정을 참작하여 판단함.
- 징계처분 당부를 다투는 행정소송에서 징계사유에 대한 증명책임은 처분의 적법성을 주장하는 회사에게 있으나, 고도의 개연성을 증명하는 것으로 충분함.
- 법원은 성희롱 관련 소송 심리 시 '성인지 감수성'을 잃지 않아야 하며, 피해자 진술의 증명력을 가볍게 배척해서는 안 됨.
- 교원은 일반 직업인보다 높은 도덕성과 엄격한 품위유지 의무가 요구되며, 품위손상행위는 교육자로서의 직책에 손색이 없도록 본인 및 교원사회 전체에 대한 국민의 신뢰를 실추시킬 우려가 있는 행위를 하지 않아야 할 의무를 의미함.
- 법원의 판단:
- 피해자 등의 진술은 신빙성이 인정되며, 이 사건 각 징계사유의 사실관계는 모두 인정됨.
- 이는 성희롱 및 학생에 대한 신체적·정신적·정서적 폭력 행위에 해당하여 교원으로서의 품위유지 의무를 위반한 행위로 봄이 타당함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제14부 판결
사건: 2022구합83908 교원소청심사위원회 결정 취소 청구의 소 원고: A 소송대리인 법무법인 오킴스 담당변호사 오성헌, 이윤정 피고: 교원소청심사위원회 소송대리인 정부법무공단 담당변호사 배성재, 안동욱 피고보조참가인: 학교법인 B 소송대리인 법무법인 신세기 담당변호사 양경석, 양승환 변론종결: 2024. 3. 21. 판결선고: 2024. 4. 18.
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 원고가 부담한다.
1. 소청심사결정의 경위 가. 참가인은 C대학교(이하 '이 사건 대학교'라 한다)를 설치·경영하는 학교법인이고, 원고는 2017. 9. 1. C대학교 미술대학 조교수(강의전담 전임교원)로 신규 임용된 후 2019. 9. 1. 및 2021. 9. 1. 재임용되어 근무하던 자이다. 나. C대학교 성폭력등대책위원회(이하 '대책위원회'라고만 한다)는 2021. 9. 8. 원고의 성희롱 등에 관한 신고를 접수한 뒤 같은 달 27. 조사에 착수하였고, 같은 해 10. 27. 조사위원회를 구성하여 피해자 상담 등의 조사를 진행하기로 하였으며, 같은 해 12. 2. 조사결과를 C대학교 교원인사위원회에 회부하기로 결정하였다. 다. 이
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\ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud574\uc784 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758\uacb0\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud568.\n- 2022. 3. 7. \uc9d5\uacc4\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc81c1, 2, 3 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720(\uc218\uc5c5\uc2dc\uac04 \uc131\uc801 \ubd88\ucf8c\uac10 \ubc1c\uc5b8, \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uacfc\uc758 \uc0ac\uc801 \ub9cc\ub0a8 \uc911 \uc131\uc801 \uc5b8\ud589, \uc0ac\uc801 \ubaa9\uc801\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ud559\uc0dd \ubd80\ub2f9 \ucc98\uc6b0)\ub85c \ud574\uc784\uc744 \uc758\uacb0\ud568.\n- 2022. 3. 24. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 2022. 4. 5. \uc790\ub85c \ud574\uc784 \ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ud568.\n- 2022. 5. 2. \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ud574\uc784 \ucde8\uc18c \uc18c\uccad\uc2ec\uc0ac\ub97c \uccad\uad6c\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2022. 9. 14. \uc77c\ubd80 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\ub098 \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 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\uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc774\uace0 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc9c4\uc220\uacfc \uc0c1\ud638 \uc77c\uce58\ud558\uba70, \uc77c\uae30 \ub0b4\uc6a9\ub3c4 \ud53c\ud574 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \ub4b7\ubc1b\uce68\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc81c\ucd9c\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\ub4e4\uc740 \uc99d\uac70\uac00\uce58\ub97c \ub192\uac8c \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6cc \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \uc9c4\uc220\uc758 \uc2e0\ube59\uc131\uc744 \ubc30\ucc99\ud558\uae30 \ubd80\uc871\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2018. 4. 12. \uc120\uace0 2017\ub45074702 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2019. 12. 24. \uc120\uace0 2019\ub45048684 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uc591\uc131\ud3c9\ub4f1\uae30\ubcf8\ubc95 \uc81c5\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\n- \ud5cc\ubc95 \uc81c31\uc870 \uc81c4\ud56d\n- \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50\ubc95 \uc81c55\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\n- \uad6d\uac00\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c63\uc870\n### \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**:\n- \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50 \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uc5d0 \ub9e1\uaca8\uc838 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\ub824\uba74 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc5b4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ud55c\ud568.\n- \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub294 \uc9c1\ubb34 \ud2b9\uc131, \ube44\uc704 \uc0ac\uc2e4 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uacfc \uc131\uc9c8, \uc9d5\uacc4 \ubaa9\uc801 \ubc0f \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \ucc38\uc791\ud558\uc5ec \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uba85\ubc31\ud788 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uc784\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc5b4 \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc591\uc815\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc774 \ubd80\ubd84 \uc8fc\uc7a5 \uc5ed\uc2dc \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8 \uadfc\uac70**:\n- \uad50\uc6d0\uc740 \uc77c\ubc18 \uc9c1\uc5c5\uc778\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub192\uc740 \ub3c4\ub355\uc131\uacfc \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \ud488\uc704\uc720\uc9c0 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc694\uad6c\ub418\uba70, \uc131\ud76c\ub871 \ube44\uc704 \uad50\uc6d0\uc774 \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ubcf5\uadc0\ud560 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \uad50\uc721\uad8c\uc5d0 \ubd80\uc815\uc801 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc904 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uc5c4\uc911\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758 \uacf5\uc775\uc0c1 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \ud07c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uad50\uc218\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ud53c\ud574\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc601\ud5a5\ub825\uc744 \ud589\uc0ac\ud588\uc73c\uba70, \uc131\ud76c\ub871 \ubc0f \ud3ed\ub825 \ud589\uc704\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uacfc \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \uac00\ubccd\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uae30\uac04\uc774 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud788 \uae40.\n- \uad6c \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \ubc0f \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50 \uad50\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uaddc\uce59\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc9d5\uacc4\uae30\uc900(\uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ud30c\uba74 \ub0b4\uc9c0 \ud574\uc784, \ud559\uc0dd \ud3ed\ub825 \ud589\uc704\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ud30c\uba74 \ub0b4\uc9c0 \ud574\uc784 \ub610\ub294 \ud574\uc784 \ub0b4\uc9c0 \uac15\ub4f1)\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uc784\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uae30\uc900 \ubc94\uc704 \ub0b4\uc5d0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ud5cc\ubc95\uc774\ub098 \ubc95\ub960\uc5d0 \ud569\uce58\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uac70\ub098 \ud604\uc800\ud788 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \uc131 \uad00\ub828 \ube44\uc704\ub85c \uc9d5\uacc4 \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \ub41c \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub97c \uac10\uacbd\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub3c4\ub85d \uc815\ud55c \uad6c \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uc81c25\uc870\uc7584 \uc81c2\ud56d \uc81c3\ud638\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc9d5\uacc4\uae30\uc900\uc744 \uac10\uacbd \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uac83\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud788 \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc740 \uc870\uce58\ub77c\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30\ub3c4 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2013. 11. 28. \uc120\uace0 2012\ub45016107 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uad6c \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839(2022. 2. 11. \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\ub839 \uc81c32410\ud638\ub85c \uac1c\uc815\ub418\uae30 \uc804\uc758 \uac83) \uc81c25\uc870\uc7582 \uc81c1\ud56d, \uc81c25\uc870\uc7584 \uc81c2\ud56d \uc81c3\ud638\n- \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50 \uad50\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c2\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\n- \uad6c \uad50\uc721\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uaddc\uce59(2022. 12. 12. \uad50\uc721\ubd80\ub839 \uc81c293\ud638\ub85c \uac1c\uc815\ub418\uae30 \uc804\uc758 \uac83) \uc81c2\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d \ubcc4\ud45c\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc131\ud76c\ub871 \ubc0f \ud488\uc704\uc720\uc9c0 \uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568. \ud2b9\ud788, '\uc131\uc778\uc9c0 \uac10\uc218\uc131'\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\uba70 \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \uc9c4\uc220\uc758 \uc2e0\ube59\uc131\uc744 \ub192\uac8c \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uace0, \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc9c0\uc704\uc640 \uad50\uc721\uc790\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \ub192\uc740 \ub3c4\ub355\uc131 \uc694\uad6c\ub97c \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \ud310\ub2e8\uc758 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc694\uc18c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud55c \uc810\uc774 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud560 \ub9cc\ud568. \uc774\ub294 \uad50\uc6d0 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc758 \uc131 \ube44\uc704 \uadfc\uc808 \ubc0f \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \uac74\uc804\uc131 \ud655\ubcf4\uc5d0 \uae30\uc5ec\ud560 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784."}
- 근로자의 징계사유 부존재 주장은 받아들이지 않음.
- 판단 근거:
- 대부분의 징계사유는 복수의 진술에 근거하며, 구체적이고 허위 개입의 여지가 발견되지 않음.
- 피해자들은 근로자의 사회적 지위로 인해 불이익을 감수하고 진술했으며, 개인적인 악감정으로 허위 진술을 했을 가능성이 낮음.
- 피해자들의 진술서 및 상담일지 내용은 구체적이고 다른 진술과 상호 일치하며, 일기 내용도 피해 사실을 뒷받침함.
- 근로자가 제출한 증거들은 증거가치를 높게 평가하기 어려워 피해자 진술의 신빙성을 배척하기 부족함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2018. 4. 12. 선고 2017두74702 판결
- 대법원 2019. 12. 24. 선고 2019두48684 판결
- 양성평등기본법 제5조 제1항
- 헌법 제31조 제4항
- 사립학교법 제55조 제1항
- 국가공무원법 제63조
재량권 일탈·남용 여부
- 법리:
- 사립학교 교원의 징계처분은 징계권자의 재량에 맡겨져 있으며, 위법하다고 하려면 사회통념상 현저하게 타당성을 잃어 재량권을 남용한 경우에 한함.
- 재량권 남용 여부는 직무 특성, 비위 사실 내용과 성질, 징계 목적 및 여러 사정을 참작하여 객관적으로 명백히 부당하다고 인정되는 경우에 판단함.
- 법원의 판단:
- 해당 해임은 사회통념상 현저하게 타당성을 잃어 징계 양정에 있어 재량권을 일탈·남용한 것이라