서울행정법원 | 2024-07-26 | 2023구합80272
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
공무원의 사적 노무 지시, 부적절한 언행, 성희롱으로 인한 강등 처분 취소 청구 기각
결과 요약
- 근로자의 강등 처분 취소 청구를 기각함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 1988. 9. 15. 임용되어 2021. 7. 1.부터 2022. 10. 19.까지 J우체국 총괄국장으로 근무한 국가공무원임.
- 회사는 2023. 4. 17. 근로자에게 '사적 노무 지시 및 부적절한 언행, 성희롱으로 성실의무 및 품위유지의무 위반'을 이유로 강등 처분을 함.
- 근로자는 징계사유를 부인하고 징계 양정이 재량권을 일탈·남용하였다고 주장하며 해당 처분의 취소를 청구함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
징계사유 해당 여부
- 제1-1 징계사유(교재 대여 및 미반환): 불인정.
- 근로자가 지위를 이용하여 A에게 교재를 지시·요구하거나, 동의 없이 조카에게 빌려주거나, 고의로 반환하지 않았다는 점을 인정할 증거가 부족함.
- A의 확인서 외에 F, G의 확인서 내용에 비추어 근로자의 주장이 더 타당하다고 판단함.
- 제1-2 징계사유(조카 면접자료 요구): 인정.
- 근로자가 평일 근무시간에 A, B에게 조카의 면접자료를 요청하고, 5시까지 자료를 만들어달라고 지시한 사실이 인정됨.
- A, B가 자발적으로 자료를 만들었다기보다는 상급자의 요구에 따라 작성한 것으로 보아 공무원 행동강령 제13조의3 제2호 위반으로 판단함.
- 제1-3 징계사유(인사상 불이익 암시 언행): 인정.
- 근로자가 A의 시보기간 중 "일을 못하면 X표를 던지겠다"는 말을 반복하고, 정규임용 후 "집에서 멀고 업무도 힘든 서창동 우체국으로 보내겠다", "일을 못하면 통도사 우체국으로 보내겠다"는 말을 한 사실이 인정됨.
- 이는 우월적 지위를 이용한 부당행위로 국가공무원법 제63조 품위유지의무 위반으로 판단함.
- 제1-4 징계사유(A의 업무 배제): 인정.
- 근로자가 A가 담당하던 행사 지연 직후 A를 사회공헌 활동 및 홍보업무에서 배제하고, 이 과정에서 화를 내는 모습을 보였으며, A 본인이나 책임자의 의견을 듣지 않은 사실이 인정됨.
- 이는 합리적 이유 없이 A를 업무에서 배제한 것으로, 우월적 지위를 이용한 부당행위로 국가공무원법 제63조 품위유지의무 위반으로 판단함.
- 제1-5 징계사유(C에게 커피 제공 요구): 인정.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제6부 판결
사건: 2023구합80272 강등처분취소 원고: I 소송대리인 법무법인 와이케이 담당변호사 이상영, 이혜윤 피고: 과학기술정보통신부장관 소송대리인 정부법무공단 담당변호사 강순일 변론종결: 2024. 6. 14. 판결선고: 2024. 7. 26.
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 원고가 부담한다.
1. 처분의 경위 가. 원고는 1988. 9. 15. 행정서기보로 임용되어 2020. 11. 4. 서기관으로 승진한 후 2021. 7. 1.부터 2022. 10. 19.까지 과학기술정보통신부 산하 우정사업본부 부산지방우 정청의 J우체국 총괄국장으로 근무하였던 국가공무원이다. 나. 피고는 중앙징계위원회의 의결을 거쳐 2023. 4. 17. 원고에 대하여 '사적 노무 지시 및 부적절한 언행을 하고, 성희롱을 하여 성실의무 내지 품위유지의무를 위반하였다'며 강등 처분을 하였다(이하 '이 사건 처분'이라 한다). 구체적 징계사유는 아래와 같다. <table_bc id="2_1" src="20250602/6b267494869f3
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\ubbf8\uc2a4\uac00 \uc220\uc744 \ub530\ub77c\uc8fc\ub2c8\uae4c \uc88b\uc8e0?\" \ubc1c\uc5b8): \uac01 \uc778\uc815.**\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ud68c\uc2dd \uc790\ub9ac\uc5d0\uc11c A\uc5d0\uac8c \"\uc624\ube60\ub4e4 \uc220 \ub530\ub77c\uc8fc\ub294 \uac70\uc57c?\" \ubc1c\uc5b8\uc744, B\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ud558\uc5ec \ud300\uc7a5\uc5d0\uac8c \"\ud300\uc7a5\ub2d8, \ubbf8\uc2a4\uac00 \uc220\uc744 \ub530\ub77c\uc8fc\ub2c8\uae4c \uc88b\uc8e0?\" \ubc1c\uc5b8\uc744 \ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- \uc9c1\uae09 \ucc28\uc774, \uc774\uc131\uc784\uc744 \uc804\uc81c\ub85c \ud55c \ubc1c\uc5b8, \uc131\uc801 \uc758\ub3c4\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5b4\ub3c4 \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc774 \uc131\ub9bd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc810 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc131\uc801 \uad74\uc695\uac10\uc744 \ub290\ub07c\uac8c \ud55c \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- **\uc81c2-2 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720(A\uc758 \ud5c8\ubc85\uc9c0 \ud130\uce58) \ubc0f \uc81c2-5 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720(C\uc758 \uc5b4\uae68 \uc4f0\ub2e4\ub4ec\uace0 \uc190 \ub9cc\uc9d0): \uac01 \uc778\uc815.**\n- A\uac00 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc870\uc0ac \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ud68c\uc2dd \uc911 \ud5c8\ubc85\uc9c0\ub97c \uc138 \ucc28\ub840 \ud130\uce58\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \uc9c4\uc220\ud558\uc600\uace0, A\uc758 \uc9c4\uc220\uc5d0 \uc2e0\ube59\uc131\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- L\uacfc G\uc758 \ud655\uc778\uc11c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 C\uc758 \uc5b4\uae68\ub97c \uc4f0\ub2e4\ub4ec\uace0 \uc190\uc744 \ub9cc\uc9c4 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uc9c0\uc704\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \uc131\uc801 \uc5b8\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc131\uc801 \uad74\uc695\uac10\uc744 \ub290\ub07c\uac8c \ud55c \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- **\uc81c2-3 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720(A\uc758 \uba38\ub9ac \uc7a1\uace0 \ud754\ub4e4\uba70 \ubc1c\uc5b8): \uc778\uc815.**\n- A\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c F, G\uc758 \ud655\uc778\uc11c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 A\uc758 \ubb36\uc740 \uba38\ub9ac\ub97c \uc7a1\uace0 \uc218\ucc28\ub840 \ud754\ub4e4\uba70 \"\uc65c \uba38\ub9ac\ub97c \ubb36\uc5c8\uc5b4? \uc2ec\uacbd\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654\uac00 \uc788\uc5b4?\"\ub77c\uace0 \ubc1c\uc5b8\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc774\uc804 \uc131\ud76c\ub871 \ud589\uc704, \uc774\uc131\uc778 A\uc758 \uc678\ud615 \ubcc0\ud654\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5b8\ub3d9, \uc2e0\uccb4 \uc811\ucd09\uc758 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc131 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc131\uc801 \uad74\uc695\uac10\uc744 \ub290\ub07c\uac8c \ud55c \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- **\uc18c\uacb0\ub860:** \uc81c1-1 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub97c \uc81c\uc678\ud55c \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \ubaa8\ub450 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n### \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac:** \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub294 \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud558\uba70, \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc5b4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub9cc \uc704\ubc95\ud568. \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 \uc911 \uc77c\ubd80\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544\ub3c4 \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uc0ac\uc720\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84 \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc774 \ucda9\ubd84\ud558\uba74 \uc704\ubc95\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8:**\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 4\uae09 \uc11c\uae30\uad00\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \ud558\uae09\uc790\ub97c \uc9c0\ud718\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5\ud558\ub294 \ucd1d\uad04\uad6d\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \ub192\uc740 \uc218\uc900\uc758 \ub3c4\ub355\uc131\uacfc \uc900\ubc95\uc758\uc2dd\uc774 \uc694\uad6c\ub428.\n- \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ub41c \ud589\uc704\ub4e4\uc740 \ud558\uae09\uc790\ub4e4\uc744 \uc0c1\ub300\ub85c \ud55c \uc0ac\uc801 \uc601\uc5ed\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \uc694\uad6c \ubc0f \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc801, \uc2e0\uccb4\uc801 \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc774\uba70, \uc77c\ud68c\uc801\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc74c.\n- \ubd88\uc778\uc815\ub41c \uc81c1-1 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc804\uccb4 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0\uc11c \ube44\uc911\uc774 \ud06c\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba70, \uadf8 \uc790\uccb4\ub85c\ub3c4 \uacf5\uc9c1\uc790\ub85c\uc11c \ubd80\uc801\uc808\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub839 \uc2dc\ud589\uaddc\uce59\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc131\ud76c\ub871, \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \ud589\ub3d9\uac15\ub839 \uc704\ubc18, \uc6b0\uc6d4\uc801 \uc9c0\uc704\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \ubd80\ub2f9\ud589\uc704\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ud45c\ucc3d \ub4f1 \uacf5\uc801\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc9d5\uacc4\ub97c \uac10\uacbd\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 30\ub144 \ub118\uac8c \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uc7ac\uc9c1\ud558\uba70 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc5b4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2002. 9. 24. \uc120\uace0 2002\ub4506620 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub839 \uc81c17\uc870 (\uc9d5\uacc4\ub4f1 \uc758\uacb0 \uc2dc \ucc38\uc791 \uc0ac\ud56d)\n- \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub839 \uc2dc\ud589\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c2\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d [\ubcc4\ud45c 1], [\ubcc4\ud45c 1\uc7584] (\uc9d5\uacc4\uae30\uc900)\n- \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub839 \uc2dc\ud589\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c4\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d \uc81c4\ud638, \uc81c8\ud638, \uc81c14\ud638 (\uc9d5\uacc4 \uac10\uacbd \uc81c\ud55c)\n- \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \ud589\ub3d9\uac15\ub839 \uc81c13\uc870\uc7583 \uc81c2\ud638 (\uc9c1\ubb34 \uad00\ub828 \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uacfc\uc758 \uc0ac\uc801 \uc811\ucd09 \uc81c\ud55c)\n- \uad6d\uac00\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c63\uc870 (\ud488\uc704 \uc720\uc9c0\uc758 \uc758\ubb34)\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc758 \uc9c1\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc9c0\uc704\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc801 \ub178\ubb34 \uc9c0\uc2dc, \ubd80\uc801\uc808\ud55c \uc5b8\ud589, \uc131\ud76c\ub871 \ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5c4\uc911\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ud589\uc704\uc790\uc758 \uc131\uc801 \uc758\ub3c4 \uc5ec\ubd80\uc640 \uad00\uacc4\uc5c6\uc774 \ud53c\ud574\uc790\uac00 \uc131\uc801 \uad74\uc695\uac10\uc744 \ub290\uaf08\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uc911\uc694\ud558\uac8c \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4, \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc758 \uc9c1\uae09, \uc9c0\uc704, \ud589\uc704\uc758 \ubc18\ubcf5\uc131, \ud53c\ud574\uc790\uc758 \ucde8\uc57d\uc131 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud55c \uc810\uc740 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud560 \ub9cc\ud568.\n- \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub839 \uc2dc\ud589\uaddc\uce59\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud2b9\uc815 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704(\uc131\ud76c\ub871 \ub4f1)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uacf5\uc801\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc9d5\uacc4 \uac10\uacbd\uc774 \uc81c\ud55c\ub418\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec, \ud574\ub2f9 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubb34\uad00\uc6a9 \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568."}
- J우체국에 막내 직원이 근로자에게 커피를 제공하는 관행이 있었고, 근로자가 막내 직원(A)이 늦게 출근하자 다른 하급자에게 커피를 제공하게 한 사실이 인정됨.
- 근로자가 C에게 아침에 커피를 달라고 한 후, A가 계속 커피를 제공하자 인사 현안을 언급하며 C에게 커피 제공을 요구한 사실이 인정됨.
- 이는 업무와 관련 없는 부당한 요구로, 공무원 행동강령 제13조의3 제2호 위반으로 판단함.
- 제2-1 징계사유(A에게 "오빠들 술 따라주는 거야?" 발언) 및 제2-4 징계사유(B와 관련하여 "팀장님, 미스가 술을 따라주니까 좋죠?" 발언): 각 인정.
- 근로자가 회식 자리에서 A에게 "오빠들 술 따라주는 거야?" 발언을, B와 관련하여 팀장에게 "팀장님, 미스가 술을 따라주니까 좋죠?" 발언을 한 사실이 인정됨.
- 직급 차이, 이성임을 전제로 한 발언, 성적 의도가 없어도 성희롱이 성립할 수 있는 점 등을 고려하여 성적 굴욕감을 느끼게 한 성희롱으로 판단함.
- 제2-2 징계사유(A의 허벅지 터치) 및 제2-5 징계사유(C의 어깨 쓰다듬고 손 만짐): 각 인정.
- A가 징계조사 과정에서 근로자가 회식 중 허벅지를 세 차례 터치했다고 진술하였고, A의 진술에 신빙성이 있다고 판단함.
- L과 G의 확인서에 따라 근로자가 C의 어깨를 쓰다듬고 손을 만진 사실이 인정됨.
- 이는 지위를 이용한 성적 언동으로 성적 굴욕감을 느끼게 한 성희롱으로 판단함.
- 제2-3 징계사유(A의 머리 잡고 흔들며 발언): 인정.
- A뿐만 아니라 F, G의 확인서에 따라 근로자가 A의 묶은 머리를 잡고 수차례 흔들며 "왜 머리