청주지방법원 | 2016-12-01 | 2015가합23588
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
근로관계 종료 및 명예훼손에 따른 손해배상 청구 사건
결과 요약
- 피고 C은 근로자에게 명예훼손에 따른 위자료 1,000,000원 및 지연손해금을 지급함.
- 근로자의 피고 B 주식회사에 대한 해고무효확인, 임금 및 부당이득반환 청구, 피고 C에 대한 나머지 청구는 모두 기각됨.
사실관계
- 피고 B 주식회사(이하 '해당 회사')는 2012. 2. 8. 이 사건 공사를 하도급받아 시행하였고, 2012. 4. 11. 근로자를 현장 관리를 위해 채용함.
- 2012. 9.분 노무비 미지급 사태 발생 후, 근로자는 2012. 11. 14. 해당 회사의 대표이사 피고 C과 면담함.
- 근로자는 2012. 11. 16.경부터 출근하지 않았고, 2012. 11. 19. 병가신청서를 제출하였으나 승인되지 않음.
- 2012. 11. 28. 피고 C은 공사 중단을 선언하고 근로자들에게 본사 출근을 지시함.
- 근로자는 2012. 11. 30. 피고 C에게 공사 중단 및 자신의 지위에 대한 질의 서신을 발송하였으나 답변을 받지 못함.
- 피고 C은 2013. 2. 5. 근로자를 횡령 혐의로 고소하였으나, 근로자는 2013. 9. 27. '혐의없음' 처분을 받음.
- 근로자는 2013. 1. 17. 충남지방노동위원회에 부당해고구제신청을 하였으나, 2013. 3. 14. '해고 사실 없음'을 이유로 각하되었고, 중앙노동위원회 재심에서도 기각됨.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
묵시적 해고 여부 및 임금 청구
- 법리: 근로기준법 제27조에서 말하는 해고는 실제 명칭이나 절차에 관계없이 사용자의 일방적 의사에 의한 근로계약관계 종료를 의미함.
- 법원의 판단:
- 근로자가 공사에 반드시 필요한 인력임에도 승인 없이 병가를 신청하고 출근하지 않은 점.
- 현장 총괄책임자가 근로자의 공백을 메우기 위해 현장을 지휘하고 대체 인력을 투입, 사무실을 정비한 점.
- 근로자가 사용하던 업무용 차량 열쇠 회수는 불가피한 사정이었던 점.
- 근로자의 출근 제지를 입증할 증거가 없고, 출근버스는 도급업체가 운영한 것으로 보이는 점.
- 해당 회사가 관리직 근로자들에게 본사 근무를 지시한 상황에서 근로자의 서신에 별도 답변이 필요 없다고 판단했을 가능성이 있는 점.
- 해당 회사가 근로자를 횡령으로 고소한 것은 의심할 만한 정황에 따른 조치로 보이며, 이후 2차례 업무 복귀를 지시한 점 등을 종합하면, 해당 회사가 근로자를 일방적으로 해고하였다고 단정할 수 없음.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
청주지방법원 제11민사부 판결
사건: 2015가합23588 해고무효확인 원고: A 피고: 1. B 주식회사 2. C 변론종결: 2016. 11. 10. 판결선고: 2016. 12. 1.
1. 피고 C은 원고에게 1,000,000원 및 이에 대하여 2012. 12. 1.부터 2016. 12. 1.까지는 연 5%의, 그 다음날부터 다 갚는 날까지는 연 15%의 각 비율에 의한 금원을 지급하라. 2. 원고의 피고 B 주식회사에 대한 청구 및 피고 C에 대한 나머지 청구를 모두 기각한다. 3. 소송비용 중 원고와 피고 B 주식회사 사이에 생긴 부분은 원고가 부담하고, 원고와 피고 C 사이에 생긴 부분 중 19/20은 원고가, 나머지는 피고 C이 각 부담한다. 4. 제1항은 가집행할 수 있다.
1. 기초사실 가. 피고 회사는 2012. 2. 8.경 D 공사의 수급인인 호일프랜트 주식회사(이하 '호일프랜트'라 한다)로부터 위 공사 중 원료수송설비 및 미분탄취입설비 설치공사(이하 '이 사건 공사'라 한다)를 하도급받아 공사를 시행하였는데, 2012. 4. 11.경이 사건 공사현장의 관리를 위하여 플랜트건설 사업 분야에 경력이 있는 원고를 채용하였다. 나. 이 사건 공사 진행 중 피고 회사가 현장 근로자들에게 2012. 9.분 노무비를 제때에 지급하지 못하는 상황이 발생하였고, 원고는 2012. 11. 14.경 위 상황을 비롯한 이 사건 공사현장의 문제점 등에 관하여 피고 회사의 대표이사인 피고 C과 면담을 하게
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'\ud610\uc758\uc5c6\uc74c' \ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ubc1b\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2013. 1. 17. \ucda9\ub0a8\uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, 2013. 3. 14. '\ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc5c6\uc74c'\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uac01\ud558\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c \uc7ac\uc2ec\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uae30\uac01\ub428.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \ubb35\uc2dc\uc801 \ud574\uace0 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ubc0f \uc784\uae08 \uccad\uad6c\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c27\uc870\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9d0\ud558\ub294 \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uc2e4\uc81c \uba85\uce6d\uc774\ub098 \uc808\ucc28\uc5d0 \uad00\uacc4\uc5c6\uc774 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc77c\ubc29\uc801 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uad00\uacc4 \uc885\ub8cc\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud568.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uacf5\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc778\ub825\uc784\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc2b9\uc778 \uc5c6\uc774 \ubcd1\uac00\ub97c \uc2e0\uccad\ud558\uace0 \ucd9c\uadfc\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc810.\n- \ud604\uc7a5 \ucd1d\uad04\ucc45\uc784\uc790\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uacf5\ubc31\uc744 \uba54\uc6b0\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ud604\uc7a5\uc744 \uc9c0\ud718\ud558\uace0 \ub300\uccb4 \uc778\ub825\uc744 \ud22c\uc785, \uc0ac\ubb34\uc2e4\uc744 \uc815\ube44\ud55c \uc810.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub358 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc6a9 \ucc28\ub7c9 \uc5f4\uc1e0 \ud68c\uc218\ub294 \ubd88\uac00\ud53c\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc774\uc5c8\ub358 \uc810.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ucd9c\uadfc \uc81c\uc9c0\ub97c \uc785\uc99d\ud560 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uace0, \ucd9c\uadfc\ubc84\uc2a4\ub294 \ub3c4\uae09\uc5c5\uccb4\uac00 \uc6b4\uc601\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc774\ub294 \uc810.\n- \ud53c\uace0 \ud68c\uc0ac\uac00 \uad00\ub9ac\uc9c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ubcf8\uc0ac \uadfc\ubb34\ub97c \uc9c0\uc2dc\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc11c\uc2e0\uc5d0 \ubcc4\ub3c4 \ub2f5\ubcc0\uc774 \ud544\uc694 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud588\uc744 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc810.\n- 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\ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\uc774\ub4dd\ubc18\ud658 \uccad\uad6c\ub294 \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n### \uba85\uc608\ud6fc\uc190\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc704\uc790\ub8cc \uccad\uad6c\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \ud53c\uace0 C\uc774 '\uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uacf5\uc0ac\ub300\uae08\uc744 \ud6a1\ub839\ud558\uc600\ub2e4'\ub294 \ucde8\uc9c0\uc758 \ubc1c\uc5b8\uc744 \ud558\uace0 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ud6a1\ub839 \ud610\uc758\ub85c \uace0\uc18c\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 '\ud610\uc758\uc5c6\uc74c' \ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- \ud53c\uace0 C\uc774 \ud5c8\uc704\uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc801\uc2dc\ub85c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uba85\uc608\ub97c \ud6fc\uc190\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \ubc94\uc8c4\uc0ac\uc2e4\ub85c \uc720\uc8c4 \ud655\uc815\ud310\uacb0\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- \uc704 \uc778\uc815\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \ud53c\uace0 C\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uba85\uc608\ud6fc\uc190 \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc815\uc2e0\uc801 \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \uc704\uc790\ub8cc\ub97c \uc9c0\uae09\ud560 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.\n- **\uc704\uc790\ub8cc \uc561\uc218**: \ud53c\uace0 C\uc774 \ud604\uc7a5 \ucd1d\uad04\ucc45\uc784\uc790\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubcf4\uace0\ub97c \ubc1b\uace0 \uc815\ud669\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uc5ec \ubc1c\uc5b8\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc774\uace0, \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ud6a1\ub839\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc778\uc2dd\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4 \uc810, \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \ud53c\uace0 C\uc758 \uad00\uacc4, \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704 \uc774\ud6c4\uc758 \uc0ac\uc815 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc704\uc790\ub8cc \uc561\uc218\ub97c 1,000,000\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ud568\uc774 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0 C\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc704\uc790\ub8cc 1,000,000\uc6d0 \ubc0f \uc774\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9c0\uc5f0\uc190\ud574\uae08(2012. 12. 1.\ubd80\ud130 2016. 12. 1.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc5f0 5%, \uadf8 \ub2e4\uc74c\ub0a0\ubd80\ud130 \ub2e4 \uac1a\ub294 \ub0a0\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc5f0 15%)\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud560 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \uc18c\uc1a1\ucd09\uc9c4 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ud2b9\ub840\ubc95\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \ud53c\uace0 C\uc740 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uacf5\uc0ac\ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \ucd1d\uad04\ucc45\uc784\uc790\uc600\ub358 F\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud6a1\ub839 \uad00\ub828 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \ubcf4\uace0\ubc1b\uace0, \uadf8\uc5d0 \ubd80\ud569\ud558\ub294 \uc815\ud669\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud55c \ud6c4 \ubc1c\uc5b8\ud558\uac8c \ub41c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \ud53c\uace0 C\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uacf5\uc0ac\ub300\uae08\uc744 \ud6a1\ub839\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc778\uc2dd\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4 \uc885\ub8cc\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \ubb35\uc2dc\uc801 \ud574\uace0 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uc5c4\uaca9\ud558\uac8c \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c. \ud2b9\ud788, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ubb34\ub2e8\uacb0\uadfc, \uc5c5\ubb34\uc6a9\ud488 \ud68c\uc218, \ub300\uccb4\uc778\ub825 \ud22c\uc785 \ub4f1\uc740 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\ub85c \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \uba85\uc608\ud6fc\uc190\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc704\uc790\ub8cc \uc0b0\uc815 \uc2dc, \uac00\ud574\uc790\uc758 \ubc1c\uc5b8 \uacbd\uc704 \ubc0f \uc778\uc2dd \uc815\ub3c4, \ud53c\ud574\uc790\uc640\uc758 \uad00\uacc4, \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704 \uc774\ud6c4\uc758 \uc0ac\uc815 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc694\uc18c\ub97c \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc561\uc218\ub97c \uacb0\uc815\ud568\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc74c. \ud2b9\ud788, \uac00\ud574\uc790\uac00 \ud5c8\uc704 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc784\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc778\uc2dd\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud588\uc744 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc704\uc790\ub8cc \uc561\uc218 \uc0b0\uc815\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\ucce4\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568."}
- 따라서 근로자가 해고되었음을 전제로 한 임금 청구는 이유 없음.
- 근로자가 근로를 제공하지 못한 귀책사유가 해당 회사에 있다고 볼 수 없으므로, 민법 제538조 제1항에 따른 예비적 주장도 이유 없음.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 1993. 10. 26. 선고 92다54210 판결
- 근로기준법 제27조
- 민법 제538조 제1항
부당이득반환 청구
- 법원의 판단:
- 원고와 해당 회사 사이에 공사현장 관리비용 등을 근로자가 우선 지출하고 추후 정산하기로 하는 약정이 있었다고 인정하기에 증거가 부족함.
- 설령 약정이 있었다 하더라도 근로자가 주장하는 지출이 약정에 따른 것이거나 실제 지출이 있었다는 것을 인정할 증거가 없음.
- 따라서 근로자의 부당이득반환 청구는 이유 없음.
명예훼손에 따른 위자료 청구
- 법원의 판단:
- 피고 C이 '근로자가 공사대금을 횡령하였다'는 취지의 발언을 하고 근로자를 업무상 횡령 혐의로 고소하였으나, 근로자가 '혐의없음' 처분을 받은 사실이 인정됨.
- 피고 C이 허위사실 적시로 근로자의 명예를 훼손하였다는 범죄사실로 유죄 확정판결을 받은 사실이 인정됨.
- 위 인정사실에 비추어 피고 C은 근로자에게 명예훼손 불법행위에 따른 정신적 손해배상으로 위자료를 지급할 의무가 있음.
- 위자료 액수: 피고 C이 현장 총괄책임자로부터 보고를 받고 정황을 확인하여 발언한 것으로 보이고, 당시 근로자가 횡령하지 않았다는