서울고등법원 | 2022-10-21 | 2021누63350
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
대학교 어학원 단기근로강사 갱신기대권 및 갱신거절의 합리성 판단
결과 요약
- 원고(학교법인)의 항소를 인용하여 제1심 판결을 취소하고, 중앙노동위원회의 재심판정을 취소함.
- 참가인들의 근로계약 갱신기대권이 인정되지 않으며, 설령 인정되더라도 근로자의 갱신거절에 합리적이고 객관적인 이유가 있다고 판단함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 F대학교를 설치·경영하는 학교법인으로, 부속기관인 G어학원(이하 '이 사건 어학원')을 운영함.
- 이 사건 어학원 규정은 '전임교원'과 '단기근로강사'를 구분하며, 단기근로강사는 주당 15시간 이내 강의, 계약기간 1개 학기(2개월) 이내로 정함.
- 참가인 C은 2014. 3. 3.경부터, 참가인 B은 2018. 1. 3.경부터 원고와 '단기근로계약'을 반복 체결하며 한국어 강의 업무를 수행함.
- 참가인 C은 2019. 10. 16.경, 참가인 B은 2019. 12. 20.경 원고로부터 직전 근로계약 기간 만료 후 재계약하지 않겠다는 통보(이하 '이 사건 각 갱신거절')를 받음.
- 참가인들은 이 사건 각 갱신거절이 부당해고라고 주장하며 구제신청을 하였으나, 경기지방노동위원회는 갱신기대권 불인정으로 기각함.
- 중앙노동위원회는 참가인들의 갱신기대권을 인정하고 갱신거절의 합리적 이유가 없다고 보아 재심신청을 인용하는 판정(이하 '해당 재심판정')을 함.
- 근로자는 해당 재심판정이 위법하다며 소송을 제기함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
참가인들의 단시간근로자로서의 지위 인정 여부
- 쟁점: 참가인들이 사실상 기간의 정함이 없는 근로자인지, 또는 초단시간근로자로서 기간제근로자에 해당하는지 여부.
- 법리:
- 근로계약기간을 정한 경우, 특별한 사정이 없는 한 기간의 정함이 있는 근로계약으로 보며, 기간이 끝나면 근로관계는 종료됨.
- 다만, 단기의 근로계약이 장기간 반복 갱신되어 기간의 정함이 형식에 불과한 경우 사실상 기간의 정함이 없는 근로계약으로 볼 수 있음(대법원 2007. 9. 7. 선고 2005두16901 판결 등 참조).
- 구 기간제 및 단시간근로자 보호 등에 관한 법률(이하 '구 기간제법') 제2조는 기간제근로자를 '기간의 정함이 있는 근로계약을 체결한 근로자'로, 단시간근로자를 '근로기준법 제2조의 단시간근로자'로 정의함.
- 구 기간제법 제4조 제1항 본문은 2년을 초과하지 않는 범위에서 기간제근로자를 사용할 수 있도록 하며, 같은 조 제2항은 2년을 초과하여 사용하는 경우 기간의 정함이 없는 근로계약을 체결한 근로자로 간주함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울고등법원 제10행정부 판결
사건: 2021누63350 부당해고구제재심판정취소 원고,항소인: 학교법인 A 소송대리인 법무법인(유한) 율촌 담당변호사 최진수, 전병모 피고,피항소인: 중앙노동위원회위원장 피고보조참가인: 1. B 2. C 제1심판결: <case_cite ref="서울행정법원/2020구합71055">서울행정법원 2021. 9.10. 선고 2020구합71055 판결</case_cite> 변론종결: 2022. 8. 19. 판결선고: 2022. 10. 21.
1. 제1심 판결을 취소한다. 2. 중앙노동위원회가 2020. 6. 5. 원고와 피고보조참가인들 사이의 D, E(병합) 부당해고 구제 재심신청 사건에 관하여 한 재심판정을 취소한다. 3. 소송 총비용 중 보조참가로 인한 부분은 피고보조참가인들이, 나머지 부분은 피고가 각 부담한다.
1. 재심판정의 경위 가. 원고는 사립학교인 F대학교(이하 '이 사건 대학교'라 한다)를 설치 · 경영하는 등 교육 사업을 영위할 목적으로 설립된 학교법인으로서, 상시 약 1,400명의 근로자를 사용하고 있다. 나. 원고는 이 사건 대학교 재학생 및 일반인을 위한 실용외국어 교육 및 연구, 외국인 등을 위한 한국어강좌의 운영, 기업체 위탁교육 등 특별프로그램 운영 등 사업을 위한 목적으로 한 'G어학원'(이하 '이 사건 어학원'이라 한다)을 이 사건 대학교의 부속기관으로 설치하여 운영하였다. 다. 원고가 이 사건 어학원의 운영을 위해 마련한 내부 규정인 「G어학원규정」 (이하 '이 사건 어학원 규정'이라 한다)에 의하면
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\uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c18\uc870 \uc81c3\ud56d\uc740 '4\uc8fc \ub3d9\uc548\uc744 \ud3c9\uade0\ud558\uc5ec 1\uc8fc \ub3d9\uc548\uc758 \uc18c\uc815\uadfc\ub85c\uc2dc\uac04\uc774 15\uc2dc\uac04 \ubbf8\ub9cc\uc778 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790'(\ucd08\ub2e8\uc2dc\uac04\uadfc\ub85c\uc790)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \ud734\uc77c(\uc81c55\uc870), \uc5f0\ucc28 \uc720\uae09\ud734\uac00(\uc81c60\uc870) \uc801\uc6a9\uc744 \ubc30\uc81c\ud568.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc0c1 1\uc8fc\ub2f9 \uc18c\uc815\uadfc\ub85c\uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc815\ud574\uc838 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uadf8 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2e8\uc2dc\uac04\uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \ub0b4\uc9c0 \ucd08\ub2e8\uc2dc\uac04\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc778\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud574\uc57c \ud568.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8:**\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \ub2e8\uae30\uadfc\ub85c\uac15\uc0ac\ub85c\uc11c 2\uac1c\uc6d4 \ub2e8\uc704\ub85c \uacc4\uc57d\uae30\uac04\uc744 \ud55c\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \uadfc\ubb34\ud560 \uac83\uc5d0 \ud569\uc758\ub97c \uc804\uc81c\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud574 \uc628 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubd04\uc774 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud558\uba70, \uac01 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c\uc758 \uae30\uac04 \uae30\uc7ac\uac00 \ud615\uc2dd\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778 C\uc740 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc5b4\ud559\uc6d0 \uaddc\uc815 \ubc0f \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c\uc0c1 '\uc8fc\ub2f9 15\uc2dc\uac04 \uc774\ub0b4\ub85c \uac15\uc758\ub97c \ud558\ub294 \ucd08\ub2e8\uc2dc\uac04\uadfc\ub85c\uc790'\ub85c \uace0\uc6a9\ub418\uc5c8\uc74c\uc774 \uba85\ubc31\ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778 C\uc758 \uc2e4\uc81c \uac15\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04\uc740 \uc8fc\ub2f9 12.35\uc2dc\uac04 \uc774\ud558\ub85c \ucd94\uc0b0\ub418\uba70, \uc2dc\uae09\uc81c \uae09\uc5ec \ubc29\uc2dd \ub4f1\uc740 \ucd08\ub2e8\uc2dc\uac04\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8 \uae30\uc900\uc5d0 \ubd80\ud569\ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778 C\uc774 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \uac15\uc758 \uc678 \ubd80\uc218 \uc5c5\ubb34 \uc2dc\uac04\uc740 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0b0\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uace0, \uc2dc\uae09\uc81c \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd94\uac00 \uae09\uc5ec \uc9c0\uae09 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5b4 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc77c \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\uacb0\ub860\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uae30\uac04\uc81c\uadfc\ub85c\uc790, \ud2b9\ud788 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c18\uc870 \uc81c3\ud56d\uc5d0 \uaddc\uc815\ub41c \ucd08\ub2e8\uc2dc\uac04\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.**\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2007. 9. 7. \uc120\uace0 2005\ub45016901 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uad6c \uae30\uac04\uc81c \ubc0f \ub2e8\uc2dc\uac04\uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \ubcf4\ud638 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ubc95\ub960(2020. 5. 26. \ubc95\ub960 \uc81c17326\ud638\ub85c \uac1c\uc815\ub418\uae30 \uc804\uc758 \uac83) \uc81c2\uc870, \uc81c4\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d, \uc81c2\ud56d\n- \uae30\uac04\uc81c \ubc0f \ub2e8\uc2dc\uac04\uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \ubcf4\ud638 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ubc95\ub960 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uc81c3\uc870 \uc81c3\ud56d \uc81c6\ud638\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c2\uc870 \uc81c9\ud638, \uc81c18\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d, \uc81c2\ud56d, \uc81c3\ud56d, \uc81c55\uc870, \uc81c60\uc870\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uc81c9\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d [\ubcc4\ud45c 2]\n### \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc758 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\uc7c1\uc810:** \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80.\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac:**\n- \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc740 \uae30\uac04 \ub9cc\ub8cc \uc2dc \uc885\ub8cc\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc6d0\uce59\uc774\ub098, \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d, \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59, \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uac31\uc2e0 \uaddc\uc815\uc774 \uc788\uac70\ub098, \uadf8\ub7ec\ud55c \uaddc\uc815\uc774 \uc5c6\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4 \uc81c\ubc18 \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud560 \ub54c \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \uc694\uac74\uc744 \ucda9\uc871\ud558\uba74 \uac31\uc2e0\ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \ud615\uc131\ub418\uc5b4 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808\uc740 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\uc640 \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c(\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2011. 4. 14. \uc120\uace0 2007\ub4501729 \ud310\uacb0 \ub4f1 \ucc38\uc870).\n- \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub294 \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uc885\ub8cc \ub2f9\uc2dc\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ub458\ub7ec\uc2fc \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud574\uc57c \ud568.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8:**\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \uc7a5\uae30\uac04 \ubc18\ubcf5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud558\uace0, \ucc44\uc6a9\uacf5\uace0\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131 \uba85\uc2dc, \uacc4\uc57d\uc11c\uc5d0 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0 \uc5ec\uc9c0 \uae30\uc7ac, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uae30\uc874 \uac15\uc0ac\uc640\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4 \uc720\uc9c0\ub97c \ub178\ub825\ud55c \uc810 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub420 \uc5ec\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098, \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c, \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc5b4\ud559\uc6d0 \uaddc\uc815 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uba85\uc2dc\uc801\uc778 \uac31\uc2e0 \uaddc\uc815\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc5b4\ud559\uc6d0 \uaddc\uc815\uc740 \uc804\uc784\uad50\uc6d0(1\ub144 \ub2e8\uc704 \uacc4\uc57d, \uc7ac\uacc4\uc57d \uba85\uc2dc)\uacfc \ub2e8\uae30\uadfc\ub85c\uac15\uc0ac(2\uac1c\uc6d4 \ub2e8\uc704 \uacc4\uc57d, \uac31\uc2e0 \uaddc\uc815 \uc5c6\uc74c)\ub97c \ub2ec\ub9ac \ucde8\uae09\ud568.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c\uc5d0 '\uc218\uac15\uc0dd \uc218 \uae09\uac10 \uc2dc \uc911\ub3c4\ud574\uc9c0 \uac00\ub2a5' \uc870\ud56d\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \ub4f1, \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4\uac15\uc88c \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc758 \ud2b9\uc218\uc131(\uc678\uad6d\uc778 \uc218\uac15\uc0dd \uc218\uc694 \ubcc0\ub3d9\uc131, \uac15\uc0ac \uc804\ud658 \ubc30\uce58 \uace4\ub780)\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c, \ub2e8\uae30\uadfc\ub85c\uac15\uc0ac\uc758 \uac31\uc2e0 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub294 \uc218\uac15\uc0dd \uc778\uc6d0\uc218\uc5d0 \uacb0\uc815\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc88c\uc6b0\ub428.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\ub3c4 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0ac\uc5c5 \ud2b9\uc218\uc131\uacfc \uc720\ub3d9\uc801\uc778 \uc9c0\uc704\ub97c \uc778\uc2dd\ud588\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc774\uba70, \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \uadfc\ubb34\ud3c9\uac00 \uc591\ud638\ub098 \ubc18\ubcf5 \uac31\uc2e0\uc774 \uac31\uc2e0 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uc758 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uadfc\uac70\uac00 \ub418\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- 2018\ub144\ubd80\ud130 2019\ub144 \ub9d0\uae4c\uc9c0 H\ucea0\ud37c\uc2a4 \uc678\uad6d\uc778 \uc218\uac15\uc0dd \uc218\uac00 340\uba85\uc5d0\uc11c 62\uba85\uc73c\ub85c \uae09\uac10\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc774\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2e4\uc218\uc758 \ub2e8\uae30\uadfc\ub85c\uac15\uc0ac \uc7ac\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \uac70\uc808\ub418\uc5b4 \uc628 \uc0c1\ud669\uc774\uc5c8\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\ub3c4 \uac31\uc2e0 \uac70\uc808 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \uc608\uc0c1\ud588\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- **\uacb0\ub860\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\uc7a5 \ucd5c\uadfc \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uc885\ub8cc \ubb34\ub835\uc5d0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \uacc4\uc18d \uac31\uc2e0\ub420 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 \ud615\uc131\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6cc \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.**\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2011. 4. 14. \uc120\uace0 2007\ub4501729 \ud310\uacb0\n### \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808\uc758 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801 \uc774\uc720 \uc874\uc7ac \uc5ec\ubd80 (\uac00\uc815\uc801 \ud310\ub2e8)\n- **\uc7c1\uc810:** \uc124\ub839 \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808\uc5d0 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801 \uc774\uc720\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80.\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac:**\n- \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub428\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uac31\uc2e0\uc744 \uac70\uc808\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc0ac\uc5c5 \ubaa9\uc801\uacfc \uc131\uaca9, \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5 \uc5ec\uac74, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704 \ubc0f \ub2f4\ub2f9 \uc9c1\ubb34 \ub0b4\uc6a9, \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0 \uacbd\uc704, \uac31\uc2e0 \uc694\uac74 \ubc0f \uc808\ucc28 \uc6b4\uc6a9 \uc2e4\ud0dc, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \ucc45\uc784 \uc0ac\uc720 \ub4f1 \uc81c\ubc18 \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \uac31\uc2e0 \uac70\ubd80\uc758 \uc0ac\uc720\uc640 \uc808\ucc28\uac00 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc774\uace0 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc774\uba70 \uacf5\uc815\ud55c\uc9c0\ub97c \uae30\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ud574\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \uc99d\uba85\ucc45\uc784\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc788\uc74c(\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2012. 6. 14. \uc120\uace0 2010\ub4508225 \ud310\uacb0, \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2017. 10. 12. \uc120\uace0 2015\ub45044493 \ud310\uacb0 \ub4f1 \ucc38\uc870).\n- \uad6c \uae30\uac04\uc81c\ubc95\uc0c1 \uc608\uc678\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uc804\ubb38\uc9c1 \ucd08\ub2e8\uc2dc\uac04\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uace0\uc6a9 \uc548\uc815\ub9cc\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud560 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uae30\uc5c5\uc758 \uc720\uc5f0\uc131 \uc0c1\uc2e4 \ubc0f \uc2e0\uaddc \uace0\uc6a9 \uae30\ud68c \ucd95\uc18c \ub4f1 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \ubd80\uc791\uc6a9\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc640 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uac04\uc758 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc774\ud574\uad00\uacc4 \ub300\ub9bd \ubc0f \uacbd\uc601 \ud658\uacbd \ubcc0\ub3d9 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uba74\ubc00\ud788 \uc0b4\ud53c\uace0, \uc30d\ubc29\uc758 \uc774\ud574\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc870\ud654\ub86d\uace0 \uade0\ud615 \uc7a1\ud78c \ud310\ub2e8\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud568.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8:**\n- **\uc778\uc6d0\uac10\ucd95\uc758 \ud544\uc694\uc131:**\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc5b4\ud559\uc6d0\uc740 \uc601\ub9ac\uc131\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uc0ac\uc124 \uad50\uc721\uae30\uad00\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c, \uc678\uad6d\uc778 \uc218\uac15\uc0dd \uc218\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uac15\uc0ac \uc778\ub825 \ud3b8\uc131\uc744 \uc790\uc728\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uacb0\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud3ed\ub113\uc740 \uc778\uc0ac\uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc774 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uc678\uad6d\uc778 \uc218\uac15\uc0dd \uc778\uc6d0\uc218 \uac10\uc18c\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0\uc744 \uac70\uc808\ud560 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801 \uadfc\uac70\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- 2018\ub144 1\ud559\uae30\ubd80\ud130 2019\ub144 5\ud559\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0 H\ucea0\ud37c\uc2a4 \uc678\uad6d\uc778 \uc218\uac15\uc0dd\uc774 340\uba85\uc5d0\uc11c 62\uba85\uc73c\ub85c \ub300\ud3ed \uac10\uc18c\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774\uc5d0 \ub300\uc751\ud558\uc5ec 2018\ub144\ubd80\ud130 \ub2e4\uc218\uc758 \ub2e8\uae30\uadfc\ub85c\uac15\uc0ac \uc7ac\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uac70\uc808\ud558\uba70 \uc778\ub825\uc744 \uac10\ucd95\ud574 \uc634.\n- \uc218\uac15\uc0dd \uac10\uc18c \ud604\uc0c1\uc774 \uc77c\uc2dc\uc801\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc0c1\ub2f9 \uae30\uac04 \uc9c0\uc18d\ub420 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740 \ub0a9\ub4dd\ud560 \ub9cc\ud558\uba70, \uc0ac\uc5c5 \uc720\uc9c0\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \uac15\uc0ac \uc778\uc6d0 \uac10\ucd95\uc740 \ubd88\uac00\ud53c\ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uc804\ubb38\uc131\uc744 \uac16\ucd98 \uace0\uae09 \uc778\ub825\uc73c\ub85c, \ucd08\ub2e8\uc2dc\uac04\uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uc120\ud0dd\uc740 \uc790\ubc1c\uc801\uc774\uba70, \uad6c \uae30\uac04\uc81c\ubc95\ub3c4 \uc804\ubb38\uc9c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc5d0 \uc608\uc678\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808\uc774 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704 \ub0a8\uc6a9\uc774\ub098 \ubd88\ud569\ub9ac\ud55c \ucc28\ubcc4\ub85c \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \ud53c\uace0 \ubc0f \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 '\uacbd\uc601\uc0c1 \ud544\uc694\uc131 \ubd80\uc7ac' \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740, \uc77c\uc2dc\uc801\uc778 \uac15\uc0ac \uc778\uc6d0 \uc99d\uac00\uac00 \uc804\uccb4 \uc218\uac15\uc0dd \uac10\uc18c \ucd94\uc138\ub97c \ub4a4\uc9d1\ub294\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc790\uc728\uc801\uc778 \uacbd\uc601 \ud310\ub2e8\uc744 \uc874\uc911\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc788\uc5b4 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc77c \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ucea0\ud37c\uc2a4 \uac04 \uc778\ub825 \uc7ac\ubc30\uce58 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740, \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808 \ud6c4 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc77c\uc2dc\uc801 \ucda9\uc6d0\uc774\uc5c8\uace0, \ub2e8\uae30\uadfc\ub85c\uac15\uc0ac\uc758 \ud2b9\uc218\uc131(\uc804\ud658 \ubc30\uce58 \uace4\ub780)\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808\uc744 \ud68c\ud53c\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ucd5c\uc18c\ud654\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ub178\ub825\uc744 \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5b4 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc77c \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808 \ub300\uc0c1 \uc120\uc815\uc758 \uacf5\uc815\uc131:**\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc5b4\ud559\uc6d0 \uaddc\uc815\uc5d0 \ubcc4\ub3c4\uc758 \uadfc\ubb34\ud3c9\uac00 \uaddc\uc815\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ub9e4 \ud559\uae30 \uc678\uad6d\uc778 \uc218\uac15\uc0dd \ub300\uc0c1 \uac15\uc758\ud3c9\uac00\ub97c \uc2e4\uc2dc\ud558\uc600\uace0, \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808 \uc9c1\uc804 3\uac1c \ud559\uae30 \uac15\uc758\ud3c9\uac00 \uc810\uc218\uac00 \uac00\uc7a5 \ub0ae\uc740 \uc218\uc900\uc774\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc804\ub144\ub3c4\uc640 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uac8c \uc678\uad6d\uc778 \uc218\uac15\uc0dd \uac15\uc758\ud3c9\uac00 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \uae30\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \uc0bc\uc740 \uac83\uc774 \ubd88\ud569\ub9ac\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ubd88\uacf5\uc815\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \uac15\uc758\ud3c9\uac00\uac00 \uc18c\uc218 \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \uc8fc\uad00\uc801 \ud3c9\uac00\uc5d0 \uc88c\uc6b0\ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740, \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4\uac15\uc88c\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131(\uc9e7\uc740 \uae30\uac04, \uc218\uac15\uc0dd \ubcc0\ub3d9)\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uac83\uc774\uba70, \uac1d\uad00\uc801 \uc5ed\ub7c9\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\ub294 \ubb38\ud56d\ub3c4 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc5b4 \uac1d\uad00\uc131\uc744 \ub2f4\ubcf4\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc77c \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uac15\uc758\ud3c9\uac00 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808 \uae30\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uac83\uc744 \uc0ac\uc804\uc5d0 \ud1b5\uc9c0\ud560 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc5c6\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud1b5\uc9c0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc0ac\uc815\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \ubd88\uacf5\uc815\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- K \uac15\uc0ac\uc640\uc758 \ucc28\ubcc4 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740, K \uac15\uc0ac\uc758 \uc9c1\uc804 3\uac1c \ud559\uae30 \ud3c9\uade0 \uac15\uc758\ud3c9\uac00 \uacb0\uacfc\uac00 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub192\uc558\uace0, \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808 \ud310\uc815 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc9c1\uc804 3\uac1c \ud559\uae30\ub85c \uc81c\ud55c\ud55c \uac83\uc774 \uc790\uc758\uc801 \ucc28\ubcc4\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubcfc \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uc73c\uba70, \uc7ac\uad50\uc721 \uae30\ud68c \ubd80\uc5ec \uc758\ubb34\ub3c4 \uc5c6\uc5b4 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc77c \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c27\uc870\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc11c\uba74 \ud1b5\uc9c0 \uc808\ucc28 \uc704\ubc18 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740, \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \uae30\uac04 \ub9cc\ub8cc\ub85c \uc885\ub8cc\ub41c \ud6c4 \uac31\uc2e0 \uac70\uc808 \ud1b5\ubcf4\uc5d0\uae4c\uc9c0 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c27\uc870\uac00 \uc801\uc6a9\ub41c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uadfc\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5b4 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc77c \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c(\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2021. 10. 28. \uc120\uace0 2021\ub45045114 \ud310\uacb0 \ub4f1 \ucc38\uc870).\n- **\uacb0\ub860\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808\uc740 \uadf8 \uc0ac\uc720\uc640 \uc808\ucc28\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \uac1d\uad00\uc131, \ud569\ub9ac\uc131\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uace0 \ub69c\ub837\ud558\uac8c \ubd88\uacf5\uc815\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.**\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2012. 6. 14. \uc120\uace0 2010\ub4508225 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2017. 10. 12. \uc120\uace0 2015\ub45044493 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2021. 10. 28. \uc120\uace0 2021\ub45045114 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c27\uc870\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ubc0f \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808\uc758 \ud569\ub9ac\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4, \ud2b9\ud788 **\ucd08\ub2e8\uc2dc\uac04\uadfc\ub85c\uc790**\uc758 \ud2b9\uc218\uc131\uacfc **\uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc758 \uacbd\uc601 \ud658\uacbd \ubcc0\ud654**\ub97c \uc911\uc694\ud558\uac8c \uace0\ub824\ud588\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \ubc18\ubcf5\uc801\uc778 \uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0 \uc0ac\uc2e4\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub294, **\uacc4\uc57d \ub0b4\uc6a9, \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131, \uadfc\ub85c\uc870\uac74\uc758 \uc720\ub3d9\uc131, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uadf8\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \uc778\uc9c0\ud588\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80**\ub97c \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, **\uc678\uad6d\uc778 \uc218\uac15\uc0dd \uac10\uc18c\ub77c\ub294 \uacbd\uc601\uc0c1 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0**\uc744 \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808\uc758 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801 \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uba74\uc11c, **\uc804\ubb38\uc9c1 \ucd08\ub2e8\uc2dc\uac04\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ub178\ub3d9\uc2dc\uc7a5 \uc720\uc5f0\uc131**\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc778\uc0ac\uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \ud3ed\ub113\uac8c \uc778\uc815\ud55c \uc810\uc774 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ub428. \uc774\ub294 **\uace0\uc6a9 \uc548\uc815\uacfc \uae30\uc5c5\uc758 \uc720\uc5f0\uc131\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc0c1\ucda9\ud558\ub294 \uac00\uce58** \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c \uade0\ud615\uc744 \ucc3e\uc73c\ub824\ub294 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ub85c \ud574\uc11d\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808\uc758 \ub300\uc0c1 \uc120\uc815 \uae30\uc900\uc73c\ub85c **\uac15\uc758\ud3c9\uac00 \uacb0\uacfc**\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \uac83\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574, \uac1d\uad00\uc801 \uc9c0\ud45c\uac00 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\uad00\ub418\uac8c \uc801\uc6a9\ub41c \uae30\uc900\uc774\ub77c\uba74 \ud569\ub9ac\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc785\uc7a5\uc744 \ubcf4\uc784. \uc774\ub294 **\ud3c9\uac00 \uae30\uc900\uc758 \uacf5\uc815\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131\uacfc \ud604\uc2e4\uc801 \uc81c\uc57d**\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud588\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c27\uc870\uc758 \ud574\uace0 \uc11c\uba74 \ud1b5\uc9c0 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uae30\uac04 \ub9cc\ub8cc \ud6c4 \uac31\uc2e0 \uac70\uc808\uc5d0\ub294 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 \ud310\ub840\ub97c \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud558\uc5ec, \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uc885\ub8cc\uc640 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \ubc95\uc801 \uc131\uaca9 \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 **\ubcc0\ub3d9\uc131\uc774 \ud070 \uc0ac\uc5c5 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0 \ub193\uc778 \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790, \ud2b9\ud788 \ucd08\ub2e8\uc2dc\uac04\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uace0\uc6a9 \uad00\uacc4**\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc120\ub840\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0 \ucc98\ud55c \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc8fc\uc640 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \ubaa8\ub450\uc5d0\uac8c \ucc38\uace0\ud560 \ub9cc\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568."}
- 구 기간제법 제4조 제1항 단서 제6호 및 기간제법 시행령 제3조 제3항 제6호는 '근로기준법 제18조 제3항에 따른 1주 동안의 소정근로시간이 뚜렷하게 짧은 단시간근로자'를 2년 초과 사용 예외 사유로 규정함.
- 근로기준법 제18조 제3항은 '4주 동안을 평균하여 1주 동안의 소정근로시간이 15시간 미만인 근로자'(초단시간근로자)에 대해 근로기준법상 휴일(제55조), 연차 유급휴가(제60조) 적용을 배제함.
- 근로계약상 1주당 소정근로시간이 명확히 정해져 있는 경우 그 내용에 따라 단시간근로자 내지 초단시간근로자인지 여부를 판단해야 함.
- 법원의 판단:
- 참가인들은 원고와 단기근로강사로서 2개월 단위로 계약기간을 한정하여 근무할 것에 합의를 전제로 근로계약을 체결해 온 것으로 봄이 타당하며, 각 근로계약서의 기간 기재가 형식에 불과하다고 볼 수 없음.
- 참가인 C은 이 사건 어학원 규정 및 근로계약서상 '주당 15시간 이내로 강의를 하는 초단시간근로자'로 고용되었음이 명백함.
- 참가인 C의 실제 강의 시간은 주당 12.35시간 이하로 추산되며, 시급제 급여 방식 등은 초단시간근로자의 판단 기준에 부합함.
- 참가인 C이 주장하는 강의 외 부수 업무 시간은 구체적으로 산정할 수 없고, 시급제 상황에서 추가 급여 지급 증거가 없어 주장을 받아들일 수 없음.
- 결론적으로 참가인들은 기간제근로