대구지방법원 | 2021-04-08 | 2020고정386
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
임금 및 해고예고수당 미지급에 따른 근로기준법 위반 사건
결과 요약
- 피고인은 근로자 2명에 대한 임금 및 해고예고수당 미지급으로 근로기준법 위반죄가 인정되어 벌금 100만 원을 선고받음.
사실관계
- 피고인은 대구 수성구 소재 C 미용업(네일아트)의 실제 경영자로서 상시 근로자 4명을 고용하는 사용자임.
- 피고인은 2018. 9. 16.부터 2019. 2. 14.까지 근무하고 퇴직한 근로자 D의 2018. 10. 임금 1,017,737원을 포함하여 근로자 2명(D, E)의 임금 합계 8,702,459원을 퇴직일로부터 14일 이내에 지급하지 아니함.
- 피고인은 근로자 D, E를 해고하면서 30일 전 해고예고를 하지 아니하고 30일분 통상임금에 해당하는 각 2,004,000원을 지급하지 아니함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
1. 휴게시간 부여 여부 및 임금 산정의 적정성
- 쟁점: 피고인이 근로자 D, E에게 1시간의 휴게시간을 부여하였으므로 근로시간에서 1시간을 제외하여 임금을 산정해야 한다는 주장의 타당성.
- 법리: 근로기준법상 휴게시간은 근로자가 자유롭게 이용할 수 있어야 하며, 휴게시간으로 인정되기 위해서는 실질적인 휴식이 보장되어야 함.
- 법원의 판단:
- 피고인이 D 등에게 규칙적으로 휴게시간을 부여한 바 없고, 휴식을 취할 수 있는 별도 공간도 없었음.
- D 등은 손님이 없는 틈을 이용해 불규칙하게 식사했으며, 식사 중에도 손님을 응대해야 했음.
- 따라서 피고인이 D 등에게 1시간의 휴게시간을 부여했다고 보기 어렵다며 피고인의 주장을 받아들이지 않음.
2. 근로자의 자발적 사직 여부 및 해고예고수당 지급 의무
- 쟁점: 근로자 D, E가 자발적으로 사직하였으므로 해고예고수당을 지급할 의무가 없다는 피고인 주장의 타당성.
- 법리: 해고는 근로자의 의사에 반하여 사용자의 일방적 의사에 의해 이루어지는 모든 근로계약관계의 종료를 의미함. 근로기준법 제26조는 사용자가 근로자를 해고할 때 30일 전 예고하거나 30일분 이상의 통상임금을 지급하도록 규정함.
- 법원의 판단:
- 피고인이 2019. 2. 14. D, E에게 사직서 제출 및 퇴사를 요구했으나 D 등이 이를 거부한 사실이 인정됨.
- 피고인이 당일 저녁 D 등에게 퇴사를 지시했고, D 등이 업무 인수인계 후 근무지를 떠난 사실이 인정됨.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
대구지방법원 판결
사건: 2020고정386 근로기준법위반 피고인: A 검사: 배석희(기소), 전여민(공판) 변호인: 변호사 이서준 판결선고: 2021. 4. 8.
피고인을 벌금 100만 원에 처한다. 피고인이 위 벌금을 납입하지 아니하는 경우 10만 원을 1일로 환산한 기간 피고인을 노역장에 유치한다. 위 벌금에 상당한 금액의 가납을 명한다.
범죄사실 피고인은 대구 수성구 B 소재 C의 실제 경영자로서 상시 근로자 4명을 고용하여 미 용업(네일아트)을 경영하는 사용자이다. 1. 사용자는 근로자가 사망 또는 퇴직한 경우 그 지급사유가 발생한 날로부터 14일 이내에 임금, 보상금, 그밖에 일체의 금품을 지급하여야 한다. 다만, 특별한 사정이 있는 경우에는 당사자 사이의 합의에 의하여 기일을 연장할 수 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 피고인은 위 사업장에서 2018. 9. 16.부터 2019. 2. 14.까지 근로하고 퇴직한 근로자 D의 2018. 10. 임금 1,017,737원을 비롯하여 별지 범죄일람표 1 기재와 같이 근로자 2명의 임금 합계 8,702,459원을 당
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**\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- D\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uac04, E\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uac04, \uc8fc\ub2f9 \uadfc\ub85c\uc77c\uc218, 1\uc77c \uc18c\uc815\uadfc\ub85c\uc2dc\uac04, \ucd5c\uc800\uc784\uae08\uc561, \uc218\uc2b5\uae30\uac04 \uc801\uc6a9 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc6d4\ubcc4 \uc18c\uc815\uadfc\ub85c\uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \uc0b0\uc815\ud568.\n- 2019. 1. 1. \uc774\ud6c4 \uc784\uae08\uc5d0 \uad00\ud558\uc5ec\ub294 \ucd5c\uc800\uc784\uae08\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc8fc\ud734\uc218\ub2f9 \uad00\ub828 \uadfc\ub85c\uc2dc\uac04\ub3c4 \uc18c\uc815\uadfc\ub85c\uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uc5ec \uc0b0\uc815\ud568.\n- \uc774\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc804\uc81c\ud558\uc5d0 \uc0b0\uc815\ud55c \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uc784\uae08\uc561\uc740 \ubcc4\uc9c0 \ubc94\uc8c4\uc77c\ub78c\ud45c 1 \uae30\uc7ac\uc640 \uac19\uc73c\uba70, \uac80\uc0ac\uac00 \uc81c\ucd9c\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\ub4e4\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uacf5\uc18c\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc5d0 \uae30\uc7ac\ub41c \uae08\uc561\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \ubd80\ubd84 \uacf5\uc18c\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc740 \ubc94\uc8c4\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc758 \uc99d\uba85\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \ub54c\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c \ubb34\uc8c4\ub97c \uc120\uace0\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub098, \uc720\uc8c4\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub41c \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc704\ubc18\uc8c4(\uc784\uae08\ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uc758 \uc810)\uc640 \ub2e8\uc77c\uc8c4 \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ub530\ub85c \uc8fc\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c \ubb34\uc8c4\ub97c \uc120\uace0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- **\ubc95\ub839**:\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c109\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d (\uc784\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09)\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c36\uc870 (\uae08\ud488 \uccad\uc0b0)\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c110\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d (\ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0 \uc704\ubc18)\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c26\uc870 (\ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc608\uace0)\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c70\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d, \uc81c69\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d (\ub178\uc5ed\uc7a5 \uc720\uce58)\n- \ud615\uc0ac\uc18c\uc1a1\ubc95 \uc81c334\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d (\uac00\ub0a9 \uba85\ub839)\n- \ud615\uc0ac\uc18c\uc1a1\ubc95 \uc81c325\uc870 \ud6c4\ub2e8 (\ubb34\uc8c4 \ud310\uacb0)\n- \ucd5c\uc800\uc784\uae08\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uc81c5\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d (2018. 12. 31. \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\ub839 \uc81c29469\ud638\ub85c \uac1c\uc815\ub41c \uac83)\n- **\ud310\ub840**:\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2018. 6. 19. \uc120\uace0 2014\ub2e444673 \ud310\uacb0 (\uc8fc\ud734\uc218\ub2f9 \uad00\ub828 \uadfc\ub85c\uc2dc\uac04\uacfc \ud1b5\uc0c1\uc784\uae08 \uc0b0\uc815 \uae30\uc900\uc2dc\uac04)\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \ubc8c\uae08 100\ub9cc \uc6d0 \uc120\uace0.\n- \ubc8c\uae08 \ubbf8\ub0a9 \uc2dc 10\ub9cc \uc6d0\uc744 1\uc77c\ub85c \ud658\uc0b0\ud558\uc5ec \ub178\uc5ed\uc7a5\uc5d0 \uc720\uce58.\n- \ubc8c\uae08\uc5d0 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \uae08\uc561\uc758 \uac00\ub0a9 \uba85\ub839.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \ud734\uac8c\uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \ubd80\uc5ec\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0, \ud574\ub2f9 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \uadfc\ub85c\uc2dc\uac04\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \uc784\uae08\uc744 \uc0b0\uc815\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc77c\ubc29\uc801\uc778 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4 \uc885\ub8cc\ub294 \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uba70, \uc774 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0 \ub610\ub294 \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9 \uc9c0\uae09 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud568\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud568.\n- \ucd5c\uc800\uc784\uae08\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uac1c\uc815(2019. 1. 1. \uc2dc\ud589)\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc8fc\ud734\uc218\ub2f9 \uad00\ub828 \uadfc\ub85c\uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uc18c\uc815\uadfc\ub85c\uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uc784\uae08 \uc0b0\uc815\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec, \ubc95\ub839 \uac1c\uc815 \uc0ac\ud56d\uc744 \ucda9\uc2e4\ud788 \ubc18\uc601\ud55c \uc810\uc774 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ub428.\n- \uacf5\uc18c\uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc911 \uc77c\ubd80 \uc784\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uc561\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc99d\uba85\uc774 \ubd80\uc871\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc5ec \ubb34\uc8c4 \ucde8\uc9c0\ub85c \ud310\uc2dc\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \ub2e4\ub978 \uc720\uc8c4 \ubd80\ubd84\uacfc \ub2e8\uc77c\uc8c4 \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ubcc4\ub3c4\ub85c \ubb34\uc8c4\ub97c \uc120\uace0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc810\uc740 \uc2e4\ubb34\uc0c1 \ud754\ud788 \ub098\ud0c0\ub098\ub294 \ucc98\ub9ac \ubc29\uc2dd\uc784."}
- D 등의 근로관계 종료가 자발적으로 이루어진 것으로 보기 어렵다며 피고인의 주장을 받아들이지 않음.
3. 미지급 임금액 산정 (무죄 부분)
- 쟁점: 공소사실에 기재된 미지급 임금액(12,398,266원)의 증명 여부.
- 법리:
- 월급제에서 지급되는 유급휴일에 관한 임금인 주휴수당 관련 근로시간은 통상임금 산정 기준시간 수와 구별되므로, 비교대상임금액 산정을 위한 '소정근로시간'에서 고려할 필요가 없음(대법원 2018. 6. 19. 선고 2014다44673 판결 참조).
- 다만, 2019. 1. 1.부터 시행된 최저임금법 시행령(2018. 12. 31. 대통령령 제29469호로 개정된 것) 제5조 제1항은 주휴수당 관련 근로시간도 소정근로시간에 포함된다는 취지로 규정함.
- 법원의 판단:
- D의 근로기간, E의 근로기간, 주당 근로일수, 1일 소정근로시간, 최저임금액, 수습기간 적용 등을 고려하여 월별 소정근로시간을 산정함.
- 2019. 1. 1. 이후 임금에 관하여는 최저임금법 시행령에 따라 주휴수당 관련 근로시간도 소정근로시간에 포함하여 산정함.
- 이와 같은 전제하에 산정한 미지급 임금액은 별지 범죄일람표 1 기재와 같으며, 검사가 제출한 증거들만으로는 공소사실에 기재된 금액을 인정하기 어렵다고 판단함.
- 따라서 이 부분 공소사실은 범죄사실의 증명이 없는 때에 해당하므로 무죄를 선고해야 하나, 유죄로 인정된 근로기준법 위반죄(임금미지급의 점)와 단일죄 관계에 있어 따로 주문에서 무죄를 선고하