서울고등법원 | 2017-05-31 | 2016누72015
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
직원의 인장관리규정 위반에 따른 징계처분의 정당성 판단
결과 요약
- 근로자에 대한 정직 3개월의 징계처분은 재량권 일탈·남용에 해당하여 위법하다고 판단함.
사실관계
- 참가인은 상시근로자 약 120명을 고용하여 식품 및 제약 중심의 설비구축, 공장 및 물류센터 건축시공을 하는 회사임.
- 근로자는 1997. 9. 1. 참가인에 입사하여 2013년 3월경부터 건설공사 현장에서 인장관리 업무 등을 담당함.
- 참가인은 2015. 6. 2. 근로자가 인장관리규정을 위반하여 사용인감을 부적절하게 사용하였다는 이유로 정직 3개월의 징계처분을 함.
- 근로자는 해당 징계처분이 부당하다고 주장하며 서울지방노동위원회에 구제신청을 하였으나 기각됨.
- 근로자는 중앙노동위원회에 재심을 신청하였으나, 중앙노동위원회도 2016. 1. 7. 재심신청을 기각함.
- 근로자는 이 사건 공사현장의 현장소장 F의 요청에 따라 구양토건의 레미콘계약 또는 가설재 공급계약에 관한 계약서에 연대보증인으로 참가인을 기재하고 사용인감을 날인함.
- 근로자는 F의 요청에 따라 2014. 6. 13. 구양토건의 하수급업체인 N의 아스콘 주문 계약서에 연대보증인으로 참가인을 기재하고 사용인감을 날인함.
- 구양토건이 2014년 10월경 부도가 나 레미콘계약 또는 가설재 공급계약에 따른 대금을 지급하지 못하게 되자, 참가인은 연대보증인으로 위 업체들에게 약 2억 4,000만원의 대금을 지급함.
- 참가인의 건설팀장 G과 현장소장 F는 공모하여 C의 현장감독관 P에게 부정한 청탁을 하며 1억 2,300만원 상당의 재산상 이익을 공여하였고, 이로 인해 형사처벌을 받음.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
징계사유의 존부
- 근로자가 참가인의 인장관리규정에 반하여 전결권자의 결재를 받은 문서를 확인하지 아니하고 구양토건이나 N의 계약에 사용인감을 날인하여 연대보증을 한 사실이 인정됨.
- 근로자는 이례적으로 사용인감계 사본을 사용하거나 사용인감계를 첨부하지도 않은 채 사용인감을 사용하였고, 일부 건에 대해서는 인장관리부에도 기록하지 않은 사실이 인정됨.
- 근로자의 업무상 과오와 참가인의 손해(약 2억 4,000만원 지급) 사이에 인과관계가 인정됨.
- 판단: 해당 징계사유는 인정됨.
징계 양정의 적정성
- 참가인의 건설팀장 G, 현장소장 F는 P에게 부정한 청탁을 하며 1억 2,300만원 상당의 재산상 이익을 공여하였고, 이로 인해 형사처벌을 받았으므로, 이 사건과 관련하여 자신들의 책임을 면하기 위하여 사실과 달리 진술할 개연성이 높음.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울고등법원 제6행정부 판결
사건: 2016누72015 부당징계구제재심판정취소 원고,항소인: A 피고,피항소인: 중앙노동위원회위원장 피고보조참가인: B 주식회사 제1심판결: <case_cite ref="서울행정법원/2016구합54619">서울행정법원 2016. 10. 13. 선고 2016구합54619 판결</case_cite> 변론종결: 2017. 4. 26. 판결선고: 2017. 5. 31.
1. 제1심판결을 취소한다. 2. 중앙노동위원회가 원고와 피고보조참가인 사이의 중앙2015부해1013 부당정직 구제 재심신청사건에 관하여 한 재심판정을 취소한다. 3. 소송총비용 중 보조참가로 인한 부분은 피고보조참가인이, 나머지는 피고가 각 부담한다.
1. 재심판정의 경위 가. 피고보조참가인(이하 '참가인'이라 한다)은 상시근로자 약 120명을 고용하여 식품 및 제약 중심의 설비구축, 공장 및 물류센터 건축시공을 하는 회사이고, 원고는 1997. 9. 1. 참가인에 입사하여 2013년 3월경부터 건설공사 현장에서 인장관리 업무 등을 담당하였다. 나. 참가인은 2015. 6. 2. 아래의 징계사유(이하 '이 사건 징계사유'라 한다)를 이유로 원고에게 정직 3개월의 징계처분(이하 '이 사건 징계처분'이라 한다)을 하였다. <table_bc id="2_1" src="20220317/2bb213520d2b6422_table_1.jpg" width="1323" height="
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\uc758\uc0ac\uac00 \ud569\uce58\ub418\uc5c8\uac70\ub098 F\uac00 G\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc5f0\ub300\ubcf4\uc99d\uc744 \ud558\ub77c\ub294 \uc9c0\uc2dc\ub97c \ubc1b\uc558\uc744 \uac1c\uc5f0\uc131\uc774 \ub192\uc74c.\n- \ud604\uc7a5\uc18c\uc7a5\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704\ub098 \uc5ed\ud560 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \ubcfc \ub54c, \ud604\uc7a5\uc18c\uc7a5\uc778 F\uac00 G\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc5f0\ub300\ubcf4\uc99d\uc744 \ud558\ub77c\ub294 \uc9c0\uc2dc\ub97c \ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\ub294 \ud130\uc5d0 F\uac00 \uac70\uc9d3\ub9d0\uc744 \ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2cc\uc9c0\ub97c \uc758\uc2ec\ud558\uc5ec G\uc5d0\uac8c \uc9c1\uc811 \uc774\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uae30\ub300\ud558\uae30\ub294 \ub2e4\uc18c \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4 \uc0c1\ud669\uc774\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8:** \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc815\uc9c1 3\uac1c\uc6d4\uc758 \uc911\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\ub97c \ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubd04\uc774 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- **\ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uc778\uc7a5\uad00\ub9ac\uaddc\uc815 \uc81c11\uc870:** \"\uc778\uc7a5\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud560 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \uc804\uacb0\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uacb0\uc7ac\ub97c \ubc1b\uc740 \uacb0\uc7ac\ubb38\uc11c\uc640 \uc815\uc11c\ub41c \ubc1c\uc1a1\ubb38\uc11c\ub97c \ucca8\ubd80\ud558\uc5ec \uc8fc\uad00\ubd80\uc11c\uc758 \uc778\uc7a5\uad00\ub9ac\ucc45\uc784\uc790 \ub610\ub294 \ucde8\uae09\ub2f4\ub2f9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc81c\ucd9c\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud558\uace0\"(\uc81c1\ud56d), \"\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \uc778\uc7a5\uc0ac\uc6a9\ubd80\uc5d0 \ud544\uc694\uc0ac\ud56d\uc744 \uae30\ub85d\ud55c \ud6c4 \uc778\uc7a5\uad00\ub9ac\ucc45\uc784\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc9c1\uc811 \ub0a0\uc778\uc744 \ubc1b\uc73c\uba70\"(\uc81c2\ud56d), \"\uc0ac\uc678\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uc7a5\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc774 \ubd88\uac00\ud53c\ud560 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \ud574\ub2f9 \ubd80\uc11c\uc7a5\uc774 \uc778\uc7a5\uc0ac\uc6a9\ubd80\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uc811 \uae30\ub85d\ud558\uace0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c\"(\uc81c4\ud56d) \ud55c\ub2e4.\n- **\ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uc778\uc7a5\uad00\ub9ac\uaddc\uc815 \uc81c12\uc870:** \uc778\uc7a5\uc740 \uc815\ud574\uc9c4 \uc6a9\ub3c4 \uc678\uc5d0\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4.\n- **\ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uc804\uacb0\uaddc\uc815:** \uc911\uc694 \uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0\uc758 \uc804\uacb0\uad8c\uc790\ub294 \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\ub85c \uaddc\uc815\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4.\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \uc7ac\ubb34\ud300\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ubb34\ud55c \uc801\uc774 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc778\uc7a5\uc0ac\uc6a9 \uc808\ucc28 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud558\uc5ec \uc798 \uc54c\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub358 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- G, F\ub294 2016. 6. 24. \uc218\uc6d0\uc9c0\ubc29\ubc95\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc30\uc784\uc99d\uc7ac \ubc94\ud589\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uac01 \ubc8c\uae08 500\ub9cc\uc6d0\uc758 \ud615\uc744 \uc120\uace0\ubc1b\uc558\uace0(2015\uace0\ud569541), \ud56d\uc18c\ub97c \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\uacb0\uc774 \ud655\uc815\ub428.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 **\uc0c1\uae09\uc790\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc \ubc0f \uc5c5\ubb34 \uad00\ud589, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc0c1\uae09\uc790\uc758 \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704 \uc5f0\ub8e8 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ub4f1 \uc81c\ubc18 \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824**\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c \ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uc0c1\uae09\uc790\uc758 \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704(\ubc30\uc784\uc99d\uc7ac)\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ud574\ub2f9 \uc0c1\uae09\uc790\uc758 \uc9c4\uc220 \uc2e0\ube59\uc131\uc774 \ub0ae\uc544\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc5b8\uae09\ud558\uba70, \ud558\uae09\uc9c1\uc6d0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc0c1\uae09\uc790\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc\ub97c \uc758\uc2ec\ud558\uace0 \uc9c1\uc811 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uae30\ub97c \uae30\ub300\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uc5ec **\ud558\uae09\uc9c1\uc6d0\uc758 \ucc45\uc784 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \uc81c\ud55c**\ud55c \uc810\uc774 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud560 \ub9cc\ud568.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uae30\uc5c5\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c \ud589\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 **\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac \uc5ec\ubd80\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc591\uc815\uc758 \ud569\ub9ac\uc131 \ubc0f \ube44\ub840 \uc6d0\uce59 \uc900\uc218**\uac00 \uc911\uc694\ud568\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\ub294 \ud310\ub840\ub85c, \ud5a5\ud6c4 \uc720\uc0ac \uc0ac\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\uc815\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ucc38\uace0 \uc790\ub8cc\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c."}
- G과 F는 구양토건이 레미콘을 저렴하게 공급받을 수 있도록 도와주어야 할 입장이었으므로, 구양토건을 위하여 연대보증을 해주는 것에 대하여 자연스럽게 의사가 합치되었거나 F가 G으로부터 연대보증을 하라는 지시를 받았을 개연성이 높음.
- 현장소장의 지위나 역할 등에 비추어 볼 때, 현장소장인 F가 G으로부터 연대보증을 하라는 지시를 받았다고 하는 터에 F가 거짓말을 하고 있는 것은 아닌지를 의심하여 G에게 직접 이를 확인하는 것까지 근로자에게 기대하기는 다소 어려운 상황이었음.
- 판단: 근로자에게 정직 3개월의 중한 징계를 한 것은 재량권을 일탈·남용한 것이라고 봄이 타당함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 참가인의 인장관리규정 제11조: "인장을 사용하고자 할 때에는 전결권자의 결재를 받은 결재문서와 정서된 발송문서를 첨부하여 주관부서의 인장관리책임자 또는 취급담당자에게 제출하여야 하고"(제1항), "사용자는 인장사용부에 필요사항을 기록한 후 인장관리책임자에게 직접 날인을 받으며"(제2항), "사외에서 인장사용이 불가피할 경우에는 해당 부서장이 인장사용부에 직접 기록하고 사용하여야"(제4항) 한다.
- 참가인의 인장관리규정 제12조: 인장은 정해진 용도 외에는 사용할 수 없다.
- 참가인의 전결규정: 중요 계약 체결의 전결권자는 대표이사로 규정되어 있다.
참고사실
- 근로자는 참가인 회사에서 재무팀장으로 근무한 적이 있어 인장사용 절차 등에 관하여 잘 알고 있었던 것