서울중앙지방법원 | 2020-02-25 | 2018가단5144406
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
근로기준법상 근로자성 및 미지급 임금 등 청구 사건
결과 요약
- 회사는 근로자에게 미지급 임금, 편집국비, 성과급 등 총 57,789,009원 및 이에 대한 지연손해금을 지급함.
- 근로자의 나머지 청구는 기각함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 2017. 6. 1. 피고와 근로계약을 체결하고 회사의 편집국장으로 근무함.
- 근로자는 2017. 6. 21. 회사의 사내이사로 취임하여 2017. 6. 22. 법인등기부에 등재됨.
- 회사는 2018. 6. 21. 근로자를 스포츠부 선임기자로 인사발령하였으나, 근로자는 이에 불응하여 출근하지 않음.
- 회사는 2018. 7. 9. 근로자에게 2주 이상 무단 결근을 사유로 해고를 통지함.
- 근로자는 서울지방노동위원회에 부당해고구제신청을 하였으나, 회사가 근로기준법 적용 대상 사업장에 해당하지 않는다는 이유로 각하됨.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
근로기준법상 근로자성 판단
- 법리: 주식회사의 이사 등 임원이라 하더라도, 그 지위 또는 명칭이 형식적·명목적인 것이고 실제로는 사용자의 지휘·감독 아래 일정한 근로를 제공하고 그 대가로 보수를 받는 관계에 있다면 근로기준법상의 근로자에 해당함.
- 판단:
- 근로자는 근로계약서에 근무일, 근무시간, 연봉, 퇴직금 등 근로조건을 명시함.
- 근로자는 정해진 출퇴근 시간을 지키며 편집국장 업무를 수행함.
- 회사는 근로자에 대해 4대 보험을 가입하고 근로소득세를 원천징수함.
- 근로자가 대표이사의 구체적인 지시를 받지 않고 자율적으로 업무를 수행한 것은 언론사의 '경영과 편집의 분리원칙'에 따른 것으로 볼 수 있음.
- 근로자는 법인등기부에 사내이사로 등재되었으나, 이사회나 주주총회에 참석한 사실이 없고, 회사의 의사결정 과정에 관여하거나 업무집행권 또는 대표권을 행사하였다고 볼 자료가 없음.
- 회사는 근로자를 '2주 이상 무단 결근'을 사유로 해고함.
- 결론: 근로자는 회사에게 일정한 근로를 제공하고 임금을 지급받는 근로기준법상 근로자에 해당함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2003. 9. 26. 선고 2002다64681 판결
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울중앙지방법원 판결
사건: 2018가단5144406 임금 원고: A 피고: 주식회사 B 변론종결: 2019. 12. 10. 판결선고: 2020. 2. 25.
1. 피고는 원고에게 57,789,009원 및 이에 대하여 2018. 7. 24.부터 2020. 2. 25.까지는 연 6%의, 그 다음날부터 다 갚는 날까지는 연 20%의 각 비율로 계산한 돈을 지급하라. 2. 원고의 나머지 청구를 기각한다. 3. 소송비용 중 10%는 원고가, 나머지는 피고가 각 부담한다. 4. 제1항은 가집행할 수 있다.
1. 기초사실 가. 피고는 주간신문· 정기간행물 발행업 등을 목적으로 하여 설립된 회사이다. 나. 원고는 2017. 6. 1. 피고와 다음과 같은 내용(이 사건과 관련된 부분만 설시한다)의 근로계약(이하 '이 사건 근로계약'이라 한다)을 체결하였다. <table_bc id="2_1" src="20220809/6d660b698d5eafb8_table_1.jpg" width="1327" height="1260" x_position="164" y_position="555" /> <table_bc id="3_1" src="20220809/573a5d1ad4c129fe_table_1.jpg" width="1325" height=
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\ubd80\uc871\ud568.\n- **\uc18c\ub4dd\uc138, 4\ub300 \ubcf4\ud5d8\ub8cc \uacf5\uc81c \uc8fc\uc7a5**: \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\ucc9c\uc9d5\uc218\uc561\uc744 \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \ub0a9\ubd80\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uc784\uae08\uc561\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6d0\ucc9c\uc9d5\uc218\uc561\uc744 \uacf5\uc81c\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\uc131\uacfc\uae09 \uc804\uc561 \uccad\uad6c \ubd80\ub2f9 \uc8fc\uc7a5**: \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \ud2b9\uc57d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc131\uacfc\uae09 \ubd84\ud560\uc9c0\uae09 \uacb0\uc815\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uc5d0 \ub9e1\uaca8\uc838 \uc788\uc5c8\uace0, \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc804\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc77c\uc784\ud55c \ucc44 \uad00\uc5ec\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc131\uacfc\uae09 \uc218\ub839\uad8c\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ubd04\uc774 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud568.\n- **\ub2e4\ub978 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc131\uacfc\uae09 \uae30\uc9c0\uae09 \uc8fc\uc7a5**: \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc131\uacfc\uae09\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \ubd80\uc871\ud568.\n- **C \uad11\uace0\uc5c5\ubb34 \ud6a1\ub839 \uc8fc\uc7a5**: \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc81c\ucd9c\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 C \uad11\uace0\uc5c5\ubb34 \ud6a1\ub839\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \ubd80\uc871\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \uad6d\uc138\uae30\ubcf8\ubc95 \uc81c21\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d \uc81c1\ud638\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1992. 5. 26. \uc120\uace0 91\ub2e438075 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2014. 10. 27. \uc120\uace0 2013\ub2e436347 \ud310\uacb0\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \ub4f1\uae30\uc774\uc0ac\ub77c \ud560\uc9c0\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uba74 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568. \ud2b9\ud788 \uc5b8\ub860\uc0ac\uc758 '\uacbd\uc601\uacfc \ud3b8\uc9d1\uc758 \ubd84\ub9ac\uc6d0\uce59'\uc744 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uc758 \ud55c \uc694\uc18c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud55c \uc810\uc774 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud560 \ub9cc\ud568.\n- \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uc784\uae08, \ud3b8\uc9d1\uad6d\ube44, \uc131\uacfc\uae09 \ub4f1 \uac01 \ud56d\ubaa9\ubcc4\ub85c \uacc4\uc57d \ub0b4\uc6a9\uacfc \uc2e4\uc81c \uc9c0\uae09 \ub0b4\uc5ed\uc744 \uba74\ubc00\ud788 \uac80\ud1a0\ud558\uc5ec \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc9c0\uae09 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uc600\uc73c\uba70, \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \ubc18\ub300 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc99d\uac70 \ubd80\uc871\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ubc30\ucc99\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788 \uc6d0\ucc9c\uc9d5\uc218\uc561 \uacf5\uc81c \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc2e4\uc81c \ub0a9\ubd80 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uc73c\uba74 \uacf5\uc81c\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud558\uc5ec, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc784\uae08 \uc9c0\uae09 \uc758\ubb34 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud568."}
근로자의 근로기간 판단
- 판단:
- 근로자는 2018. 6. 20.까지 회사의 편집국장으로서 업무를 수행함.
- 회사의 인사발령(편집국장에서 스포츠부 선임기자)이 근로자에게 부당하거나 불이익한 처분이라고 볼 증거가 없음.
- 결론: 근로자가 정상적으로 근로를 제공한 기간은 2018. 6. 20.까지임.
미지급 임금 등 청구 판단
- 미지급 기본급 및 취재비:
- 근로자는 근로계약에 따라 매월 기본급 4,700,000원, 취재비 1,000,000원을 지급받기로 약정함.
- 회사가 미지급한 기본급 16,133,333원, 취재비 1,666,667원 합계 17,800,000원을 지급할 의무가 있음.
- 미지급 편집국비:
- 근로계약 특약에 따라 C 광고수익이 2,000,000원에 미달할 경우 회사가 부족분을 지원하기로 함.
- 회사는 근로자에게 미지급 편집국비 합계 12,254,163원을 지급할 의무가 있음.
- 미지급 성과급:
- 근로계약 특약에 따라 회사는 월 매출의 10%를 편집국 인센티브로 지급하고, 분할지급 결정은 편집국장이 지휘하기로 함.
- 회사는 근로자에게 미지급 성과급 합계 27,734,846원을 지급할 의무가 있음.
- 회사의 주장에 대한 판단:
- 업무상 배임행위 주장: 회사가 제출한 증거만으로는 근로자의 업무상 배임행위를 인정하기 부족함.
- 소득세, 4대 보험료 공제 주장: 회사가 원천징수액을 실제로 납부하였다는 증거가 없으므로, 미지급 임금액에서 원천징수액을 공제할 수 없음.
- 성과급 전액 청구 부당 주장: 근로계약 특약에 따라 성과급 분할지급 결정은 근로자의 재량에 맡겨져 있었고, 회사는 근로자에게 전적으로 일임한 채 관여하지 않았으므로, 성과급 수령권은