광주지방법원 | 2023-02-03 | 2022나53395
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
해고 무효 확인 후 퇴직금, 연차수당, 최저임금 인상분 청구 소송에서 근로자의 청구를 기각한 사례
결과 요약
- 근로자의 항소를 기각함.
- 항소비용은 근로자가 부담함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 2018. 12. 19. 피고와 버스 운전원 근로계약을 체결함.
- 해당 근로계약은 수습기간 3개월(2018. 12. 19. ~ 2019. 3. 19.)로 정하고, 수습기간 중 근로에 부적합하다고 판단될 경우 계약을 해지할 수 있도록 정함.
- 회사는 2019. 3. 8. 근로자가 승객 하차 중 버스를 출발시켜 상해를 입게 하였다는 이유로 근로자에게 구두로 해고 통보(해당 해고)를 함.
- 근로자는 해당 해고의 무효확인 및 미지급 임금 청구 소송을 제기하였고, 선행소송 항소심에서 해당 해고가 근로기준법상 해고 절차 위반으로 무효이며, 회사는 근로자에게 미지급 임금 등을 지급하라는 판결이 확정됨(광주고등법원 2019나24574).
- 근로자는 회사에 복직하지 않고 2019. 5. 1.부터 다른 사업장에서 근로를 제공함.
- 회사는 2021. 3. 15. 선행소송 판결에 따른 판결원리금 49,401,500원을 변제공탁함.
- 근로자는 광주지방고용노동청에 퇴직금, 연차유급휴가 미사용수당, 최저임금 미달 임금차액, 최저임금 인상에 따른 임금차액, 연장근로수당 등을 지급받지 못하였다고 주장하며 피고 대표자를 고소함.
- 광주지방고용노동청은 최저임금법 위반, 근로기준법 위반 혐의를 인정하고, 퇴직금 미지급 등은 불기소의견으로 검찰에 송치함.
- 검찰은 퇴직금 및 연차유급휴가 미사용수당 등 미지급 혐의에 대해 혐의 없음(증거불충분) 처분하고, 나머지 혐의에 대해 기소유예 처분함.
- 근로자의 항고 및 재정신청은 모두 기각됨.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
퇴직금 청구
- 법리: 근로자의 임금청구권은 근로 제공을 전제로 발생하며, 해고가 무효인 경우 사용자의 귀책사유로 근로를 제공하지 못한 기간에 대한 임금 청구권이 발생함. 다만, 해고가 없었더라도 취업이 사실상 불가능한 상태이거나 사용자의 사업 폐지 등 사용자의 귀책사유가 아닌 경우에는 임금 청구 불가함. 부당해고 기간은 퇴직금 산정을 위한 계속근로기간에 포함되나, 부당해고 이후 근로관계가 종료되어 계속근로기간이 1년에 미달하는 경우 퇴직금 청구권은 발생하지 않음.
- 법원의 판단:
- 선행소송에서 해당 해고가 무효로 판단되었으나, 근로자는 해고 통보 직후 다른 병원에 취업하여 현재까지 여러 사업장에서 근로를 제공하고 있음.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
광주지방법원 제1민사부 판결
사건: 2022나53395 임금 및 퇴직금 원고,항소인: A 피고,피항소인: B 주식회사 제1심판결: <case_cite ref="광주지방법원/2021가소15849">광주지방법원 2022. 1. 25. 선고 2021가소15849 판결</case_cite> 변론종결: 2023. 1. 13. 판결선고: 2023. 2. 3.
1. 원고의 항소를 기각한다. 2. 항소비용은 원고가 부담한다.
1. 인정사실 가. 원고는 2018. 12. 19. 버스 여객운송업 등을 영위하는 피고와 사이에 원고가 피고의 버스 운전원으로 근무하기로 하는 계약(이하 '이 사건 근로계약'이라 한다)을 체결하였다. 나. 원고는 이 사건 근로계약에 따라 2018. 12. 19.부터 2019. 3. 8.까지 근무하면서 이에 대한 대가로 피고로부터 다음과 같이 임금을 지급받았다. (단위: 원) <table_bc id="2_1" src="20240228/12e5bd69ff3558f1_table_1.jpg" width="1166" height="473" x_position="243" y_position="662" /> 다. 이 사건 근로계약에
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\ud1b5\uc9c0\ud558\uc600\uc73c\uba70, \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ucde8\uc5c5\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \ud53c\uace0 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \ud30c\ud0c4\ub41c \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc600\uace0, \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ubcf5\uc9c1\uc744 \uac70\ubd80\ud558\uc600\uac70\ub098 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ubcf5\uc9c1 \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \ubc1d\ud614\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc0c1 \uc218\uc2b5\uae30\uac04 \uc911 \uc5c5\ubb34 \ubd80\uc801\ub2f9 \uc2dc \ud574\uace0 \ub610\ub294 \uacc4\uc57d \ud574\uc9c0\uac00 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\uba70, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\uac00 \uc11c\uba74 \uc808\ucc28 \ubbf8\uc900\uc218\ub85c \ubb34\ud6a8\uc600\uc744 \ubfd0, \uac19\uc740 \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc815\uc2dd \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uac70\uccd0 \ud574\uace0 \ud1b5\uc9c0 \uc2dc \ubb34\ud6a8\ub77c\uace0 \ub2e8\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 3\uac1c\uc6d4 \ubbf8\ub9cc \uadfc\ubb34 \ud6c4 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ucde8\uc5c5\ud55c \uacbd\uc704\ub098 \ubcf5\uc9c1\uc774 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uacbd\uc704\ub97c \ubc1d\ud788\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c, \ub2e8\uc9c0 \uad6c\ub450 \ud574\uace0\uac00 \ubb34\ud6a8\ub77c\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4 \uacc4\uc18d\uc744 \ub2e8\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\uba70 \uc2e0\uc758\uce59\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud568.\n- \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08\uc740 1\ub144 \uc774\uc0c1 \uacc4\uc18d \uadfc\ub85c\ud55c \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc9c0\uae09\ub418\uba70, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \ud1b5\uc0c1\uc784\uae08 \ubc0f \ud3c9\uade0\uc784\uae08 \uc0b0\ucd9c \uadfc\uac70\ub97c \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud568.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uacc4\uc18d\uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uac04\uc774 1\ub144 \uc774\uc0c1\uc774\uc5b4\uc11c \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \uc9c0\uae09 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc600\uace0, \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08\uc774 \ub0a8\uc544\uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30\uc5d0 \ubd80\uc871\ud568.\n### \uc5f0\ucc28\uc218\ub2f9 \uccad\uad6c\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \ud655\uc815\ub41c \uc885\uad6d\ud310\uacb0\uc758 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc2ec \ubcc0\ub860\uc885\uacb0 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uace0 \uc81c\ucd9c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\ub358 \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \uae30\uc778\ud55c \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc774\ub098 \ud56d\ubcc0\uc740 \ud655\uc815\ud310\uacb0\uc758 \uae30\ud310\ub825\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ucc28\ub2e8\ub428.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc120\ud589\uc18c\uc1a1\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ubbf8 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uc784\uae08\uc73c\ub85c \uae30\ubcf8\uae09 \uc678\uc5d0 \uc5f0\uc7a5\uadfc\ub85c\uc218\ub2f9, \uc8fc\ud734\uc218\ub2f9, \ud734\uc77c\uadfc\ub85c\uc218\ub2f9 \ub4f1\uc744 \uccad\uad6c\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uad00\ub828\ud310\uacb0\uc774 \ud655\uc815\ub428.\n- \uc120\ud589\uc18c\uc1a1\uacfc \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc5f0\ucc28\uc218\ub2f9 \uccad\uad6c\ub294 \ubaa8\ub450 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uc784\uae08\uccad\uad6c\uad8c\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uc18c\uc1a1\ubb3c\uc774 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uba70, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc120\ud589\uc18c\uc1a1\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5f0\ucc28\uc218\ub2f9 \uccad\uad6c\ub97c \uc720\ubcf4\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \ubd80\ubd84 \uccad\uad6c\ub294 \uad00\ub828\ud310\uacb0\uc758 \uae30\ud310\ub825\uc5d0 \uc800\ucd09\ub418\uc5b4 \ud5c8\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc124\ub839 \uae30\ud310\ub825\uc5d0 \uc800\ucd09\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uc5f0\ucc28\uc720\uae09\ud734\uac00\ub294 1\ub144\uac04 8\ud560 \uc774\uc0c1 \ucd9c\uadfc \uc2dc \ubd80\uc5ec\ub418\uba70, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc5f0\ucc28\uc218\ub2f9 \uc0b0\ucd9c \uadfc\uac70\ub97c \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uc5ec \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc5f0\ucc28\uc218\ub2f9 \uc9c0\uae09 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \ubd80\uc871\ud568.\n### \ucd5c\uc800\uc784\uae08 \uc778\uc0c1\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uc784\uae08 \uccad\uad6c\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \ud655\uc815\ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc8fc\ubb38\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub41c \uac83\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uae30\ud310\ub825\uc774 \ubbf8\uce58\uba70, \uc7a5\ub798\uc774\ud589\uc758 \uc18c\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcc0\ub860\uc885\uacb0 \uc774\ud6c4 \uae30\uac04\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \uae09\ubd80\uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uba85\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0 \uadf8 \ud655\uc815\ud310\uacb0\uc758 \uae30\ud310\ub825\uc740 \ud574\ub2f9 \uae30\uac04\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \uccad\uad6c\uad8c \uc874\ubd80\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc6d0\uce59\uc784. \ub2e4\ub9cc, \uc561\uc218 \uc0b0\uc815\uc758 \uae30\ucd08\uac00 \ub41c \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \ub69c\ub837\ud558\uac8c \ubc14\ub00c\uc5b4 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uac04 \ud615\ud3c9\uc744 \ud06c\uac8c \ud574\ud560 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc0dd\uae34 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \uae30\ud310\ub825\uc774 \ucc28\uc561 \ubd80\ubd84\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc120\ud589\uc18c\uc1a1\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ubbf8 2019. 3. 20.\ubd80\ud130 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ubcf5\uc9c1 \uc2dc \ub610\ub294 \uc815\ub144\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc77c\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \uc6d4 1,912,233\uc6d0\uc758 \uc9c0\uae09\uc744 \uba85\ud558\ub294 \ud310\uacb0\uc774 \ud655\uc815\ub428.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc120\ud589\uc18c\uc1a1 \ubcc0\ub860\uc885\uacb0\uc77c\uc778 2020. 9. 16.\uae4c\uc9c0 2020\ub144 \ucd5c\uc800\uc784\uae08 \uc778\uc0c1\ubd84 \ucd94\uac00 \uc9c0\uae09\uc744 \uad6c\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc77c\ubd80 \uccad\uad6c\uc784\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- 2020\ub144 \ubc0f 2021\ub144 \ucd5c\uc800\uc784\uae08\uc774 \uc778\uc0c1\ub418\uc5c8\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uadf8 \uc778\uc0c1 \ube44\uc728\uc774 \uc704 \ud310\uacb0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uc815\ub41c \uae08\uc561\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574 \ud06c\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ud574\uace0 \uae30\uac04 \uc911 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc9c1\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\uc785\uc744 \uc5bb\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub358 \uc810 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c, \uc561\uc218 \uc0b0\uc815\uc758 \uae30\ucd08\uac00 \ub41c \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \ub69c\ub837\ud558\uac8c \ubc14\ub00c\uc5b4 \ud615\ud3c9\uc744 \ud06c\uac8c \ud574\ud560 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc0dd\uacbc\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \ubd80\ubd84 \uccad\uad6c\ub294 \uc120\ud589\uc18c\uc1a1 \ud655\uc815\ud310\uacb0\uc758 \uae30\ud310\ub825\uc5d0 \uc800\ucd09\ub418\uc5b4 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc77c \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2018. 12. 19. \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0 \uc785\uc0ac\ud558\uc5ec \uc6b4\uc804\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ubb34\ud558\ub358 \uc911 \uc2dc\uc6a9\uae30\uac04\uc778 2019. 3. 8. \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\ub97c \ub2f9\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uad6c\ub450 \ud574\uace0 \ud1b5\ubcf4 \uc774\ud6c4 2019. 3. 13.\uacfc 2019. 3. 21. \ub450 \ucc28\ub840\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0 \uc11c\uba74\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uace0 \ud1b5\ubcf4\ub97c \uc2dc\ub3c4\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098 \uc6b0\ud3b8\ubb3c\uc774 \ubc18\uc1a1\ub418\uc790 \ubb38\uc790 \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub85c \uc0ac\uc9c4\uc744 \ucca8\ubd80\ud558\uc5ec \ubc1c\uc1a1\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc120\ud589\uc18c\uc1a1 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ubcf5\uc9c1 \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \ubc1d\ud788\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \uccad\uad6c\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ud558\uc5ec \ud53c\uace0\ub97c \uace0\uc18c\ud55c \uc0ac\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c \uac80\ucc30\uc740 \ubb34\ud610\uc758 \ucc98\ubd84\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc7ac\uc815\uc2e0\uccad\ub3c4 \uae30\uac01\ub428.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc784\uae08 \uccad\uad6c\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ud574\uace0 \uc774\ud6c4 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc9c1\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ucde8\uc5c5\ud558\uc5ec \uc18c\ub4dd\uc744 \uc5bb\uace0 \uc788\uac70\ub098, \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc0c1 \uc885\ub8cc\ub41c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc815\ud669\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uadc0\ucc45\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc784\uae08 \uccad\uad6c\uad8c\uc774 \uc81c\ud55c\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc704\ubc95\uc131\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \ubb34\ud6a8\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\uc758 \uacc4\uc18d \uc5ec\ubd80, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ubcf5\uc9c1 \uc758\uc0ac, \ub2e4\ub978 \uc18c\ub4dd \ubc1c\uc0dd \uc5ec\ubd80 \ub4f1 \uc81c\ubc18 \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ub4f1 \ucd94\uac00\uc801\uc778 \uccad\uad6c\uad8c\uc758 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uae30\ud310\ub825\uc758 \ubc94\uc704\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ud558\uc5ec, \uc120\ud589\uc18c\uc1a1\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ubbf8 \uccad\uad6c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\ub358 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc18c\uc1a1\ubb3c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uccad\uad6c\ub294 \uae30\ud310\ub825\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ucc28\ub2e8\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568. \ub2e4\ub9cc, \uc7a5\ub798 \uc774\ud589\uc758 \uc18c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc815 \ubcc0\uacbd\uc758 \uc6d0\uce59\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, \uadf8 \uc694\uac74\uc744 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud558\uac8c \ud574\uc11d\ud558\uc5ec \ucd5c\uc800\uc784\uae08 \uc778\uc0c1\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ud1b5\uc0c1\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\uc815 \ubcc0\uacbd\uc740 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0 \uad6c\uc81c \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\uc758 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801 \uc9c0\uc18d \uc5ec\ubd80\uc640 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ud589\ud0dc\uac00 \ucd94\uac00\uc801\uc778 \uad8c\ub9ac \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\uc784."}
- 선행소송에서는 미지급 임금 산정이 주된 쟁점이었고, 근로자의 사직 의사, 복직 거부, 다른 사업장 소득 등은 쟁점이 되지 않음.
- 근로자는 해고 통보 직후 회사에게 사직 의사를 표시하고 법적 쟁송 절차를 진행할 예정임을 통지하였으며, 실제로 다른 사업장에 취업함.
- 원고와 피고 사이의 신뢰관계가 파탄된 상태였고, 회사가 근로자의 복직을 거부하였거나 근로자가 복직 의사를 밝혔다고 볼 증거가 없음.
- 회사의 취업규칙상 수습기간 중 업무 부적당 시 해고 또는 계약 해지가 가능하며, 해당 해고가 서면 절차 미준수로 무효였을 뿐, 같은 사유로 정식 절차를 거쳐 해고 통지 시 무효라고 단정하기 어려움.
- 근로자가 3개월 미만 근무 후 다른 사업장에 취업한 경위나 복직이 이루어지지 않은 경위를 밝히지 않는 상황에서, 단지 구두 해고가 무효라는 이유만으로 근로관계 계속을 단정하는 것은 회사에게 부당하며 신의칙에 반함.
- 퇴직금은 1년 이상 계속 근로한 직원에게 지급되며, 근로자는 구체적인 통상임금 및 평균임금 산출 근거를 제시하지 못함.
- 따라서 근로자의 계속근로기간이 1년 이상이어서 퇴직금 지급 의무가 발생하였고, 미지급 퇴직금이 남아있다는 사실을 인정하기에 부족함.
연차수당 청구
- 법리: 확정된 종국판결의 사실심 변론종결 이전에 발생하고 제출할 수 있었던 사유에 기인한 주장이나 항변은 확정판결의 기판력에 의해 차단됨.
- 법원의 판단:
- 근로자는