서울행정법원 | 2024-04-04 | 2023구합54426
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
산업기능요원의 반복적 지각 및 허위보고에 따른 해고의 정당성
결과 요약
- 근로자의 반복적인 지각과 허위보고 행위는 징계해고 사유에 해당하며, 징계 양정이 재량권 일탈·남용이나 평등원칙 위배에 해당하지 않아 해당 재심판정은 적법하다고 판단함.
사실관계
- 참가인은 병역지정업체이며, 근로자는 2021. 4. 5. 참가인에 산업기능요원으로 입사하여 자재 관리 및 출하 업무를 담당함.
- 근로자는 2022. 6. 8. 징계위원회 개최 시까지 총 11회 지각하였고, 2021. 8. 20. 및 2021. 9. 1. 잦은 지각에 대한 경위서를 작성함.
- 2022. 6. 3. 근로자는 지각했음에도 출퇴근카드를 기재하지 않았고, 직원 D에게 정확한 출근시간을 알리지 않은 채 수기 작성을 요청하여 D이 사실과 다른 출근시간(08:29)을 기재하게 함. 근로자는 이를 알고도 수정 요청을 하지 않았고, 복무관리 담당자 E에게도 알리지 않음.
- 참가인은 2022. 7. 6. 근로자에게 취업규칙 제78조 제6, 7호(근무태도 불량, 지각 11회 등)를 사유로 2022. 7. 7. 자 해고통지서를 송부함.
- 근로자는 해당 해고가 부당해고라며 경기지방노동위원회에 구제신청을 하였으나 기각되었고, 중앙노동위원회에 재심을 신청하였으나 2022. 12. 28. 재심신청이 기각됨.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
징계사유의 존부 (허위보고 및 근무태만)
- 법리: 취업규칙상 '허위보고'는 진실에 반하는 내용을 보고하는 것을 의미하며, 노사 간의 집단적 법률관계를 규정하는 법규범으로서 규범적으로 판단해야 함. 산업기능요원은 병역 관련 법령에 따라 복무규정을 엄격히 지켜야 할 의무가 있으며, 출근시간을 정확히 고지할 법령상 의무가 있음.
- 법원의 판단:
- 근로자는 산업기능요원으로서 출근시간을 사실대로 정확히 알려야 할 의무가 있음.
- 근로자가 2022. 6. 3. 지각하고도 D에게 사실을 고지하지 않고 출퇴근카드 작성을 요청했으며, D이 사실과 다른 시간을 기재했음에도 수정 요청을 하지 않고 복무관리 담당자 E에게도 알리지 않은 일련의 과정은 출퇴근카드에 진실에 반하는 출근시간을 기재한 것과 규범적으로 동일하다고 평가함.
- 따라서 취업규칙 제78조 제6호의 '업무상 허위보고' 징계사유가 인정됨.
- 근로자의 11회 지각은 취업규칙 제78조 제7호의 '근무태만 내지 불성실 근무'에 해당함.
- 해당 해고의 전제가 된 징계사유(지각 11회 및 업무상 허위보고)는 모두 인정되므로, 징계사유를 인정한 해당 재심판정은 위법하지 않음.
관련 판례 및 법령
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제12부 판결
사건: 2023구합54426 부당해고구제재심판정취소 원고: A 소송대리인 법무법인 와이케이 담당변호사 서동휘 피고: 중앙노동위원회위원장 피고보조참가인: B 주식회사 소송대리인 법무법인 유레 담당변호사 신경주 변론종결: 2024. 3. 14. 판결선고: 2024. 4. 4.
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 원고가 부담한다.
1. 재심판정의 경위 가. 참가인은 상시 약 50명의 근로자를 사용하여 세탁세제 등을 제조·판매하는 법인으로 병역법상 산업기능요원이 복무할 수 있는 병역지정업체이다. 원고는 2021. 4. 5. 참가인에 산업기능요원으로 입사하여 자재 관리 및 출하 업무를 담당하였다. 나. 참가인은 2022. 6. 8. 원고가 참석한 가운데 징계위원회를 개최하였는데, 징계회부 내용은 아래와 같다. <table_bc id="2_1" src="20250529/b3d186a98900792f_table_1.jpg" width="1324" height="321" x_pos
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\uc801\uc815\uc131 (\uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \ubc0f \ud3c9\ub4f1\uc6d0\uce59 \uc704\ubc30 \uc5ec\ubd80)\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uc5d0 \ub9e1\uaca8\uc838 \uc788\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc5b4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ud55c\ud558\uc5ec \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ub428. \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \uace0\uc6a9\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uacc4\uc18d\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc744 \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ucc45\uc784 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc0ac\uc5c5 \ubaa9\uc801, \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5 \uc5ec\uac74, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704, \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uacfc \uacbd\uc704, \uae30\uc5c5\uc9c8\uc11c\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce60 \uc601\ud5a5, \uacfc\uac70 \uadfc\ubb34\ud0dc\ub3c4 \ub4f1 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud574\uc57c \ud568 (\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2007. 12. 28. \uc120\uace0 2006\ub2e433999 \ud310\uacb0, \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2002. 5. 28. \uc120\uace0 2001\ub45010455 \ud310\uacb0).\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uae30\ub2a5\uc694\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \ubcd1\uc5ed\uc758\ubb34 \uc774\ud589 \uc911\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \ubcf5\ubb34\uaddc\uc728\uc774 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud558\uac8c \uc900\uc218\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc785\uc0ac \ud6c4 \ubd88\uacfc 1\ub144 2\uac1c\uc6d4 \ub3d9\uc548 11\ud68c \uc9c0\uac01\ud558\uc600\uace0, 2\ud68c \uacbd\uc704\uc11c \uc791\uc131 \ud6c4\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc9c0\uac01 \ubc0f \ud5c8\uc704\ubcf4\uace0 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uae30\ub2a5\uc694\uc6d0\uc784\uc744 \uac10\uc548\ud558\uc5ec \uc804\uc9c1 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \ubd80\uc5ec\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc804\uc9c1\ud560 \uc5c5\uccb4\ub97c \ucc3e\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c \uc2ec\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc73c\ub85c\uc758 \ubcf5\uadc0 \uc758\uc0ac\uac00 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc744 \uc9c4\uc220\ud568.\n- \ud574\uace0\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uae30\ub2a5\uc694\uc6d0 \ud3b8\uc785\uc774 \ucde8\uc18c\ub418\uace0 \ud604\uc5ed\ubcd1 \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf5\ubb34\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc774 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, \uadfc\ubb34 \uae30\uac04\ub9cc\ud07c \uc794\uc5ec \ubcf5\ubb34 \uae30\uac04\uc774 \uc0b0\ucd9c\ub418\ubbc0\ub85c \uc0c8\ub85c \ubcd1\uc5ed\uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uc774\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2d8.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 \ubcd1\uc5ed\uc9c0\uc815\uc5c5\uccb4\ub85c\uc11c \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \ubcf5\ubb34\uad00\ub9ac \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \ubd80\ub2f4\ud558\uba70, \ubcf5\ubb34\uad00\ub9ac \uc18c\ud640 \uc2dc \ud589\uc815\ucc98\ubd84 \ubc0f \uc0b0\uc5c5\uae30\ub2a5\uc694\uc6d0 \ubc30\uce58 \uc81c\ud55c \ub4f1\uc758 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc744 \ubc1b\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ubd88\uc131\uc2e4\ud55c \ubcf5\ubb34\ud0dc\ub3c4\uc640 \ud5c8\uc704\ubcf4\uace0 \ud589\uc704\ub294 \ubcd1\uc5ed\uc758\ubb34\uc758 \uc131\uc2e4\ud55c \uc774\ud589\uacfc \uacf5\ud3c9\uc131\u00b7\ud615\ud3c9\uc131 \uc720\uc9c0, \uad6d\ubbfc \uc2e0\ub8b0 \ubcf4\ud638\ub77c\ub294 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uacf5\uc775\uc744 \uce68\ud574\ud568.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c 1\ub144 2\uac1c\uc6d4 \ub3d9\uc548 11\ud68c \ubc18\ubcf5\uc801\uc778 \uc9c0\uac01\uacfc \ud5c8\uc704\ubcf4\uace0 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ud55c \ud574\uace0\ub294 \ud611\uc758\uc758 \ube44\ub840\uc6d0\uce59, \uc989 \ubc95\uc775\uade0\ud615\uc131 \uc6d0\uce59\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc18\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uae30\ub2a5\uc694\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc758 \ucd9c\ud1f4\uadfc \uae30\ub85d\uc774 \uc77c\ubd80 08:30 \uc774\ud6c4\ub85c \uae30\uc7ac\ub41c \uacbd\uc6b0\uac00 \uc788\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \uac19\uc774 2\ud68c \uacbd\uc704\uc11c \uc791\uc131 \ud6c4\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc9c0\uac01 \ubc0f \ud5c8\uc704\ubcf4\uace0 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \ud55c \uac83\uacfc \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5b4 \ucc28\ubcc4\ucc98\uc6b0\uc758 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801 \uc774\uc720 \uc720\ubb34 \ud310\ub2e8\uc758 \ube44\uad50\ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \ub420 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc774 \ud3c9\ub4f1\uc6d0\uce59\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc30\ub41c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2023. 4. 4.\uc790 \uc900\ube44\uc11c\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc808\ucc28 \uc704\ubc95\uc744 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \uc774\ud6c4 \uc900\ube44\uc11c\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c \uad00\ub828 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uace0, \uc808\ucc28 \uc704\ubc95\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc790\ub8cc\ub3c4 \uc5c6\uc5b4 \uc774\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8\uc740 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c '\ud55c \ubc88 \ub354 \uc9c0\uac01\ud558\uba74 \ud574\uace0\ub2f9\ud560 \uac83 \uac19\uc544 \ucd9c\ud1f4\uadfc\uce74\ub4dc\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uacfc \ub2e4\ub978 \ucd9c\uadfc\uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uae30\uc7ac\ub418\uc5c8\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ucd94\uac00\uc801\uc778 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub098 \uc870\uce58\ub97c \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4'\uace0 \uc9c4\uc220\ud568.\n- \uc0b0\uc5c5\uae30\ub2a5\uc694\uc6d0 \ubcf5\ubb34\uad00\ub9ac \ub9e4\ub274\uc5bc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74, \uc9c0\uac01\u00b7\uc870\ud1f4\u00b7\uc678\ucd9c \ub4f1\uc740 \ub204\uacc4 8\uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \uc5f0\uac00 1\uc77c\ub85c \uacc4\uc0b0\ud558\uace0, \uc794\uc5ec \uc5f0\uac00\uac00 \uc5c6\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc5f0\uc7a5\ubcf5\ubb34 \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \ub418\uba70, \ubcd1\uc5ed\uc9c0\uc815\uc5c5\uccb4\ub294 \ubcf5\ubb34\uad00\ub9ac \uc2e4\ud0dc\uc870\uc0ac \ubc0f \ud3c9\uac00\ub97c \ubc1b\uc544\uc57c \ud568.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uae30\ub2a5\uc694\uc6d0\uc758 \ud2b9\uc218\uc131\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\uc784. \uc77c\ubc18 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\ud574\uace0\uc640 \ub2ec\ub9ac, \ubcd1\uc5ed\uc758\ubb34 \uc774\ud589\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uacf5\uc801 \uc131\uaca9\uc774 \uac15\ud55c \uc0b0\uc5c5\uae30\ub2a5\uc694\uc6d0\uc758 \ubcf5\ubb34\uaddc\uc728 \uc704\ubc18\uc740 \uadf8 \ud30c\uae09\ud6a8\uacfc\uac00 \ud06c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \ubc18\ubcf5\uc801\uc778 \uc9c0\uac01\uacfc \ub354\ubd88\uc5b4 \ud5c8\uc704\ubcf4\uace0 \ud589\uc704\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uadfc\ud0dc \ubd88\ub7c9\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4 \uae30\uc5c5\uc758 \ubcf5\ubb34\uad00\ub9ac \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc744 \uad50\ub780\ud558\uace0 \ubcd1\uc5ed\uc758\ubb34\uc758 \uacf5\uc815\uc131\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc2e0\ub8b0\ub97c \uc800\ud574\ud558\ub294 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \ube44\uc704\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568.\n- \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \ud310\ub2e8 \uc2dc, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \ubc95\ub960\uc0c1 \uc758\ubb34(\ubcd1\uc5ed\uc9c0\uc815\uc5c5\uccb4\uc758 \ubcf5\ubb34\uad00\ub9ac \uc758\ubb34) \ubc0f \uacf5\uc775\uc801 \uac00\uce58(\ubcd1\uc5ed\uc758\ubb34 \uc774\ud589\uc758 \uacf5\ud3c9\uc131, \uad6d\ubbfc \uc2e0\ub8b0)\ub97c \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ub2e4\ub978 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc640\uc758 \ud615\ud3c9\uc131 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc758 \uc885\ub958\uc640 \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub2e4\uba74 \ube44\uad50 \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \ub420 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \ubd84\uba85\ud788 \ud558\uc5ec, \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758 \uac1c\ubcc4\uc131\uacfc \uad6c\uccb4\uc131\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568."}
- 병역법 제39조 제4항 (산업기능요원의 성실복무의무)
- 병역법 제41조 제1, 3항 (산업기능요원 편입 취소 시 복무)
- 취업규칙 제78조 제6호 (업무상 허위보고)
- 취업규칙 제78조 제7호 (근무태만 내지 불성실 근무)
징계양정의 적정성 (재량권 일탈·남용 및 평등원칙 위배 여부)
- 법리: 징계처분은 징계권자의 재량에 맡겨져 있으므로, 사회통념상 현저하게 타당성을 잃어 재량권을 남용한 경우에 한하여 위법하다고 인정됨. 해고처분은 사회통념상 고용관계를 계속할 수 없을 정도로 근로자에게 책임 있는 사유가 있는 경우 정당성이 인정되며, 이는 사용자의 사업 목적, 사업장 여건, 근로자의 지위, 비위행위의 내용과 경위, 기업질서에 미칠 영향, 과거 근무태도 등 여러 사정을 종합적으로 고려하여 판단해야 함 (대법원 2007. 12. 28. 선고 2006다33999 판결, 대법원 2002. 5. 28. 선고 2001두10455 판결).
- 법원의 판단:
- 근로자는 산업기능요원으로서 병역의무 이행 중이므로 복무규율이 엄격하게 준수되어야 함.
- 근로자는 입사 후 불과 1년 2개월 동안 11회 지각하였고, 2회 경위서 작성 후에도 다시 지각 및 허위보고 행위를 함.
- 참가인은 근로자가 산업기능요원임을 감안하여 전직 기회를 부여했으나, 근로자는 전직할 업체를 찾지 못함.
-