서울행정법원 | 2021-05-13 | 2020구합61614
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
현금영수증 허위 발급 및 차량관리 부실에 따른 징계 해고의 부당성 판단
결과 요약
- 근로자의 청구를 기각하고, 소송비용은 근로자가 부담함.
- 중앙노동위원회의 재심판정(참가인들에 대한 징계가 부당징계에 해당하나 부당노동행위는 아님)이 적법하다고 판단함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 도시가스 관리대행업을 영위하는 회사로, 참가인들은 근로자의 직원임.
- 참가인들은 일반노동조합에 가입하였고, 일부는 지회 간부임.
- 근로자는 2019. 5. 9. 참가인들에게 현금영수증 허위 발급, 차량운전 부실로 인한 사고 발생, 차량관리 부실 및 항명 등을 이유로 해고, 강등, 승급정지, 감봉 징계를 함.
- 경남지방노동위원회는 징계사유는 인정되나 징계양정이 부당하여 부당징계에 해당한다고 판단하였고, 부당노동행위는 인정하지 않음.
- 중앙노동위원회는 참가인 B의 차량사고 중 일부를 제외하고는 초심과 동일하게 부당징계로 판단하고 재심신청을 기각함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
징계사유의 존부: 현금영수증 허위 발급
- 법리: 취업규칙 18. 1. 나), 자)에 따른 '사고의 발생' 및 '형사소추의 원인이 되는 불법행위', 18. 1. 다), 마)에 따른 '직무상 의무 위반' 및 '업무상 상사의 지시 불이행' 해당 여부.
- 법원의 판단:
- 참가인들이 본인 또는 지인 명의로 현금영수증을 허위 발급하여 근로자에게 중대한 손해(모회사 경고, 명예·신용 훼손, 고객 신뢰도 저하, 가산세 납부)를 끼쳤음.
- 현금영수증 허위 발급은 고의가 인정되며, 직무상 의무 위반 및 상사 지시 불이행에 해당하여 징계사유가 인정됨.
- 다만, '형사소추의 원인이 되는 불법행위'는 징계처분 당시 징계사유가 아닐 뿐만 아니라 증거 부족으로 인정되지 않음.
징계사유의 존부: 교통사고로 인한 손해 야기 및 업무용 차량 파손
- 법리: 단체협약 제37조 '회사는 업무상 차량운전으로 인한 사고발생 시 운전자에게 민·형사상 책임을 지울 수 없다. 단, 조합원의 고의 또는 중과실에 의한 경우는 제외한다'는 규정의 해석. 단체협약은 근로자에게 불리하게 해석할 수 없음. '중과실'은 '거의 고의에 가까운 현저히 주의를 결여한 상태'를 의미함.
- 법원의 판단:
- 참가인 B, D, E이 업무용 차량 관련 사고를 일으켜 근로자에게 손해를 야기한 사실은 인정됨.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제12부 판결
사건: 2020구합61614 부당해고등및부당노동행위구제재심판정취소 원고: A 주식회사 소송대리인 법무법인(유한) 광장 담당변호사 송현석, 김소영, 이윤지 피고: 중앙노동위원회위원장 피고보조참가인: 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. E 피고보조참가인들 소송대리인 법무법인 여는 담당변호사 하태승 변론종결: 2021. 4. 8. 판결선고: 2021. 5. 13.
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 원고가 부담한다.
1. 재심판정의 경위 가. 원고는 상시 근로자 약 80명을 사용하여 도시가스 관리대행업 등을 영위하는 회사이다. 피고보조참가인(이하 '참가인'이라 한다) B는 2016. 10. 21., 참가인 C은 2016. 4. 1., 참가인 D은 2016. 3. 21. 참가인 E은 2017. 6. 13. 원고에 각 입사하여 창원시 의창구와 성산구 지역 가구들에 대한 가스기구 철거 및 교체, 요금고지서 배부, 가스검 침 및 안전점검, 가스 계량기 교체 등의 업무를 수행하였다. 나. 참가인들은 일반노동조합에 가입하였고, 참가인 B는 일반노동조합 산하 A 지회의 사무장, 참가인 C은 부지회장직을 맡고 있다. 다. 원고는 2019. 5.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html", "member_only": false, "extraction_method": "next_data", "ai_summary": "# \ud604\uae08\uc601\uc218\uc99d \ud5c8\uc704 \ubc1c\uae09 \ubc0f \ucc28\ub7c9\uad00\ub9ac \ubd80\uc2e4\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc9d5\uacc4 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uccad\uad6c\ub97c \uae30\uac01\ud558\uace0, \uc18c\uc1a1\ube44\uc6a9\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f4\ud568.\n- \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc758 \uc7ac\uc2ec\ud310\uc815(\ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f9\uc9d5\uacc4\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub098 \ubd80\ub2f9\ub178\ub3d9\ud589\uc704\ub294 \uc544\ub2d8)\uc774 \uc801\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ub3c4\uc2dc\uac00\uc2a4 \uad00\ub9ac\ub300\ud589\uc5c5\uc744 \uc601\uc704\ud558\ub294 \ud68c\uc0ac\ub85c, \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc784.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uc77c\ubc18\ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc5d0 \uac00\uc785\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc77c\ubd80\ub294 \uc9c0\ud68c \uac04\ubd80\uc784.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2019. 5. 9. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ud604\uae08\uc601\uc218\uc99d \ud5c8\uc704 \ubc1c\uae09, \ucc28\ub7c9\uc6b4\uc804 \ubd80\uc2e4\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc0ac\uace0 \ubc1c\uc0dd, \ucc28\ub7c9\uad00\ub9ac \ubd80\uc2e4 \ubc0f \ud56d\uba85 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ud574\uace0, \uac15\ub4f1, \uc2b9\uae09\uc815\uc9c0, \uac10\ubd09 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub97c \ud568.\n- \uacbd\ub0a8\uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub098 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc774 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \ubd80\ub2f9\uc9d5\uacc4\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc600\uace0, \ubd80\ub2f9\ub178\ub3d9\ud589\uc704\ub294 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 \ucc38\uac00\uc778 B\uc758 \ucc28\ub7c9\uc0ac\uace0 \uc911 \uc77c\ubd80\ub97c \uc81c\uc678\ud558\uace0\ub294 \ucd08\uc2ec\uacfc \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uac8c \ubd80\ub2f9\uc9d5\uacc4\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uace0 \uc7ac\uc2ec\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \uae30\uac01\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc874\ubd80: \ud604\uae08\uc601\uc218\uc99d \ud5c8\uc704 \ubc1c\uae09\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 18. 1. \ub098), \uc790)\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 '\uc0ac\uace0\uc758 \ubc1c\uc0dd' \ubc0f '\ud615\uc0ac\uc18c\ucd94\uc758 \uc6d0\uc778\uc774 \ub418\ub294 \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704', 18. 1. \ub2e4), \ub9c8)\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 '\uc9c1\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18' \ubc0f '\uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc0c1\uc0ac\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc \ubd88\uc774\ud589' \ud574\ub2f9 \uc5ec\ubd80.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \ubcf8\uc778 \ub610\ub294 \uc9c0\uc778 \uba85\uc758\ub85c \ud604\uae08\uc601\uc218\uc99d\uc744 \ud5c8\uc704 \ubc1c\uae09\ud558\uc5ec \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uc190\ud574(\ubaa8\ud68c\uc0ac \uacbd\uace0, \uba85\uc608\u00b7\uc2e0\uc6a9 \ud6fc\uc190, \uace0\uac1d \uc2e0\ub8b0\ub3c4 \uc800\ud558, \uac00\uc0b0\uc138 \ub0a9\ubd80)\ub97c \ub07c\ucce4\uc74c.\n- \ud604\uae08\uc601\uc218\uc99d \ud5c8\uc704 \ubc1c\uae09\uc740 \uace0\uc758\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uba70, \uc9c1\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18 \ubc0f \uc0c1\uc0ac \uc9c0\uc2dc \ubd88\uc774\ud589\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- \ub2e4\ub9cc, '\ud615\uc0ac\uc18c\ucd94\uc758 \uc6d0\uc778\uc774 \ub418\ub294 \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704'\ub294 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84 \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc544\ub2d0 \ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc99d\uac70 \ubd80\uc871\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc874\ubd80: \uad50\ud1b5\uc0ac\uace0\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc190\ud574 \uc57c\uae30 \ubc0f \uc5c5\ubb34\uc6a9 \ucc28\ub7c9 \ud30c\uc190\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d \uc81c37\uc870 '\ud68c\uc0ac\ub294 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ucc28\ub7c9\uc6b4\uc804\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc0ac\uace0\ubc1c\uc0dd \uc2dc \uc6b4\uc804\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ubbfc\u00b7\ud615\uc0ac\uc0c1 \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \uc9c0\uc6b8 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \ub2e8, \uc870\ud569\uc6d0\uc758 \uace0\uc758 \ub610\ub294 \uc911\uacfc\uc2e4\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\ub294 \uc81c\uc678\ud55c\ub2e4'\ub294 \uaddc\uc815\uc758 \ud574\uc11d. \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ubd88\ub9ac\ud558\uac8c \ud574\uc11d\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c. '\uc911\uacfc\uc2e4'\uc740 '\uac70\uc758 \uace0\uc758\uc5d0 \uac00\uae4c\uc6b4 \ud604\uc800\ud788 \uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \uacb0\uc5ec\ud55c \uc0c1\ud0dc'\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud568.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778 B, D, E\uc774 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc6a9 \ucc28\ub7c9 \uad00\ub828 \uc0ac\uace0\ub97c \uc77c\uc73c\ucf1c \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc190\ud574\ub97c \uc57c\uae30\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc740 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d \uc81c37\uc870\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uace0\uc758 \ub610\ub294 \uc911\uacfc\uc2e4\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \uc0ac\uace0\uac00 '\uac70\uc758 \uace0\uc758\uc5d0 \uac00\uae4c\uc6b4 \ud604\uc800\ud788 \uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \uacb0\uc5ec\ud55c \uc0c1\ud0dc'\uc778 \uc911\uacfc\uc2e4\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc704 \uba74\ucc45\uc870\ud56d\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc5b4 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc744 \uc9d5\uacc4\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774 \ubd80\ubd84 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1996. 9. 20. \uc120\uace0 95\ub2e420454 \ud310\uacb0 (\ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d \ud574\uc11d)\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2019. 11. 28. \uc120\uace0 2017\ub2e4257869 \ud310\uacb0 (\ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d \ud574\uc11d)\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1997. 2. 25. \uc120\uace0 96\ub2e437589 \ud310\uacb0 (\uc911\uacfc\uc2e4\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8)\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc874\ubd80: \ucc38\uac00\uc778 B\uc758 \ucc28\ub7c9\uad00\ub9ac \uc9c1\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18 \ubc0f \ud56d\uba85\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c18. 1. \ub2e4), \ub9c8), \uc790)\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 '\uc9c1\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18', '\uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc0c1\uc0ac\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc \ubd88\uc774\ud589', '\uc6d0\uace0 \ub0b4 \uaddc\uc728 \uc9c8\uc11c \ubb38\ub780' \ud574\ub2f9 \uc5ec\ubd80.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778 B\uac00 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc6a9 \ucc28\ub7c9\uc758 \ubb38\uc744 \uc7a0\uadf8\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc5f4\uc1e0\uc640 \ubc95\uc778\uce74\ub4dc\ub97c \ubc29\uce58\ud558\uba70 \ucc28\ub7c9 \ub0b4 \ud761\uc5f0 \ud6c4 \ub2f4\ubc30\uaf41\ucd08\ub97c \ubc29\uce58\ud558\ub294 \ub4f1 \ucc28\ub7c9\uad00\ub9ac\ub97c \uc18c\ud640\ud788 \ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0 \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\uc758 \uc9c0\uc801\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uac1c\uc120 \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \ud56d\uc758, \ubd88\ub9cc\uc744 \ud45c\uc2dc\ud558\uba70, \uc870\ud68c\ub098 \ud68c\uc758\uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \uace0\ud568, \uc870\ub871, \uc695\uc124, \ube44\uc544\ub0e5\uc744 \ud558\ub294 \ub4f1 \ubd80\uc801\uc808\ud55c \ud0dc\ub3c4\uc640 \uc5b8\uc0ac\ub97c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uc9c1\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18, \uc0c1\uc0ac \uc9c0\uc2dc \ubd88\uc774\ud589, \uc6d0\uace0 \ub0b4 \uaddc\uc728 \uc9c8\uc11c \ubb38\ub780\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \uace0\uc6a9\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uacc4\uc18d\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc744 \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ucc45\uc784 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub428. \ubd80\ub2f9\uc9d5\uacc4\uad6c\uc81c\uc7ac\uc2ec\ud310\uc815\uc744 \ub2e4\ud22c\ub294 \uc18c\uc1a1\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc99d\uba85\ucc45\uc784\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f4\ud568.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- **\ud604\uae08\uc601\uc218\uc99d \ud5c8\uc704 \ubc1c\uae09 \uad00\ub828**:\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \ud604\uae08\uc601\uc218\uc99d \ud5c8\uc704 \ubc1c\uae09\uc740 \uc0c1\uc0ac\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc \ub0b4\uc9c0 \uc6a9\uc778\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \ub9cc\ud55c \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud568. (\ud300\uc7a5\ub4e4\uc774 \uace0\uac1d \uac70\ubd80 \uc2dc \ubcf8\uc778 \ub610\ub294 \uc544\ubb34 \ubc88\ud638\ub098 \uc785\ub825\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uc9c0\uc2dc/\uc6a9\uc778\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \ub2e4\uc218 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc758 \uc9c4\uc220, \uc6d0\uace0 \uc9c1\uc6d0 \uc808\ubc18 \uc774\uc0c1\uc774 \uc7a5\uae30\uac04 \ud5c8\uc704 \ubc1c\uae09\uc5d0 \uac00\ub2f4\ud55c \uc810 \ub4f1)\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ubb34\ub9ac\ud55c \ub3c5\ucd09, \uad00\ub9ac\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5 \ubd80\uc2e4, \uad50\uc721 \ubd80\uc7ac, \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \uc5c5\ubb34 \uad00\ud589 \ud615\uc131 \ub4f1 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c\ub3c4 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \ucc45\uc784\uc774 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778 D\uc740 \uc138\uc81c \ud61c\ud0dd\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc801\uadf9\uc801\uc778 \uc758\ub3c4\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uace0, \ub2e4\ub978 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\ub3c4 \uc138\uc81c \ud61c\ud0dd\uc774 \ubbf8\ubbf8\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 '\ud604\uae08\uc601\uc218\uc99d \uc99d\ube59\uc790\ub8cc \uc81c\ucd9c \ud655\uc57d\uc11c' \uc81c\ucd9c \uac70\ubd80\ub97c \ubd88\ub9ac\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc73c\ub85c \ucc38\uc791\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud568. (\ubc95\uc801 \uad6c\uc81c\uc218\ub2e8 \ubd09\uc1c4 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131)\n- **\ucc38\uac00\uc778 B\uc758 \ucc28\ub7c9\uad00\ub9ac \ubd80\uc2e4 \ub4f1 \uad00\ub828**:\n- \uc774 \ubd80\ubd84 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\ub294 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc0c1 \ud574\uace0\uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778 B\uc758 \ucc28\ub7c9\uad00\ub9ac \ubd80\uc2e4 \ubc0f \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubd80\uc801\uc808\ud55c \uc5b8\ud589\uc774 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uadfc\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0c1\uc2e4\ud560 \uc815\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\ub800\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- **\uae30\ud0c0 \uc0ac\uc815**:\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778 B\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uc0dd\uacc4\uc720\uc9c0\uc218\ub2e8\uc744 \ubc15\ud0c8\ud558\ub294 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \uc815\ub2f9\uc131 \uc218\uc900\uc774 \ub192\uc544\uc57c \ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778 C, E\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac15\ub4f1 \ub0b4\uc9c0 \uc2b9\uae09 \uc815\uc9c0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub3c4 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc774 \uc911\ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778 D\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac10\ubd09 1\uc6d4 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub294 \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\ub97c \uc800\uc9c0\ub978 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc9c1\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uacac\ucc45 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc640 \ube44\uad50\ud560 \ub54c \ud615\ud3c9\uc131\uc5d0 \uc5b4\uae0b\ub0a8.\n- **\uacb0\ub860**: \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uac01 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30\uc5d0 \ubd80\uc871\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc774 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \uc704\ubc95\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2017. 5. 17. \uc120\uace0 2014\ub2e413457 \ud310\uacb0 (\ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131)\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2019. 11. 28. \uc120\uace0 2017\ub45057318 \ud310\uacb0 (\uc9d5\uacc4 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131 \uc99d\uba85\ucc45\uc784)\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1995. 2. 14. \uc120\uace0 94\ub2045069 \ud310\uacb0 (\uc9d5\uacc4\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ucc45\uc784)\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uacfc \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc5d0 \uc9d5\uacc4 \uad00\ub828 \uaddc\uc815\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc774 \uace0\uac1d\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubc1b\uc740 \ud604\uae08\uc744 \ud6a1\ub839\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \ubc1c\uac01\ub41c \ud6c4 \ud604\uae08\uc601\uc218\uc99d \ubc1c\uae09 \uc9c0\uc2dc\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ubaa8\ud68c\uc0ac\uac00 \ud604\uae08\uc601\uc218\uc99d \ud5c8\uc704 \ubc1c\uae09\uc73c\ub85c \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \uacbd\uace0 \uc870\uce58\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uad00\ud560 \uc138\ubb34\uc11c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ud604\uae08\uc601\uc218\uc99d \ud5c8\uc704 \ubc1c\uae09\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\uc0b0\uc138 \ub0a9\ubd80\ub97c \uace0\uc9c0\ubc1b\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ud300 \uc9c1\uc6d0 \uc911 \uc808\ubc18 \uc774\uc0c1\uc774 \uc7a5\uae30\uac04 \ud604\uae08\uc601\uc218\uc99d \ud5c8\uc704 \ubc1c\uae09\uc5d0 \uac00\ub2f4\ud568.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac \uc5ec\ubd80\uc640 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\uc815\uc131\uc744 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud558\uac8c \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc5ec, \ud2b9\ud788 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc758 \uba74\ucc45 \uc870\ud56d \ud574\uc11d\uacfc \uc0c1\uc0ac\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc \ub610\ub294 \uc6a9\uc778\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc758 \ucc45\uc784 \ubd84\ub2f4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc2dc\uc0ac\uc810\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud568.\n- \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc0c1 '\uc911\uacfc\uc2e4'\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ubd88\ub9ac\ud558\uac8c \ud574\uc11d\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \uac70\uc758 \uace0\uc758\uc5d0 \uac00\uae4c\uc6b4 \ud604\uc800\ud55c \uc8fc\uc758 \uacb0\uc5ec \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub85c \ud55c\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \ubcf4\ud638\uc5d0 \uc911\uc810\uc744 \ub460.\n- \ud604\uae08\uc601\uc218\uc99d \ud5c8\uc704 \ubc1c\uae09\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uac00 \uc0c1\uc0ac\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc\ub098 \uc870\uc9c1\uc758 \ubd80\uc2e4\ud55c \uad00\ub9ac\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5 \ud558\uc5d0 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uac1c\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \uc804\uac00\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \ucc45\uc784 \ub610\ud55c \uac15\uc870\ud568.\n- \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \uc2dc \uc720\uc0ac \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud615\ud3c9\uc131 \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud558\uc5ec, \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758 \uac1d\uad00\uc131\uacfc \uacf5\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ud655\ubcf4\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uae30\uc5ec\ud568.\n- '\ud655\uc57d\uc11c'\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ubc95\uc801 \uad6c\uc81c\uc218\ub2e8\uc744 \ubd09\uc1c4\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc758 \ubb38\uc11c \uc81c\ucd9c \uac70\ubd80\ub97c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc5d0 \ubd88\ub9ac\ud558\uac8c \ucc38\uc791\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \ud310\ub2e8\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ubc29\uc5b4\uad8c \ubcf4\uc7a5\uc5d0 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \uac00\uc9d0."}
- 그러나 단체협약 제37조에 따라 고의 또는 중과실이 없는 한 징계할 수 없음.
- 참가인들의 사고가 '거의 고의에 가까운 현저히 주의를 결여한 상태'인 중과실에 해당한다고 인정하기 어려움.
- 따라서 위 면책조항이 적용되어 참가인들을 징계할 수 없으므로, 이 부분 징계사유는 인정되지 않음.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 1996. 9. 20. 선고 95다20454 판결 (단체협약 해석)
- 대법원 2019. 11. 28. 선고 2017다257869 판결 (단체협약 해석)
- 대법원 1997. 2. 25. 선고 96다37589 판결 (중과실의 의미)
징계사유의 존부: 참가인 B의 차량관리 직무상 의무 위반 및 항명
- 법리: 취업규칙 제18. 1. 다), 마), 자)에 따른 '직무상 의무 위반', '업무상 상사의 지시 불이행', '원고 내 규율 질서 문란' 해당 여부.
- 법원의 판단:
- 참가인 B가 업무용 차량의 문을 잠그지 않고 열쇠와 법인카드를 방치하며 차량 내 흡연 후 담배꽁초를 방치하는 등 차량관리를 소홀히 함.
- 원고 대표이사의 지적에도 개선 의사를 보이지 않고 항의, 불만을 표시하며, 조회나 회의시간에 고함, 조롱, 욕설, 비아냥을 하는 등 부적절한 태도와 언사를 보임.
- 이는 직무상 의무 위반, 상사 지시 불이행, 원고 내 규율 질서 문란에 해당하여 징계사유가 인정됨.
징계양정의 적부
- 법리: 해고는 사회통념상 고용관계를 계속할 수 없을 정도로 근로자에게 책임 있는 사유가 있는 경우에 정당성이 인정됨. 부당징계구제재심판정을 다투는