서울행정법원 | 2011-04-22 | 2010구합36541
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
근로자의 사직 의사표시의 적법성 및 비진의 의사표시 여부 판단
결과 요약
- 근로자의 사직 의사표시는 적법하며, 비진의 의사표시로 볼 수 없으므로, 참가인의 퇴직처리는 부당해고에 해당하지 않는다고 판단하여 근로자의 청구를 기각함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 2008. 1.경 참가인에 입사하여 연구원으로 근무함.
- 참가인은 근로자의 사직 의사에 따라 2009. 12. 31.자로 근로자에 대해 퇴직처리를 함.
- 근로자는 2010. 3. 18. 참가인의 퇴직처리가 부당하다며 서울지방노동위원회에 구제를 신청하였으나 2010. 5. 4. 기각됨.
- 근로자는 이에 불복하여 2010. 6. 10. 중앙노동위원회에 재심신청을 하였으나 2010. 8. 27. 기각됨.
- 근로자는 2009. 12. 16. E 소장에게 업무태만과 팀장 지시 거부를 지적받자, 용액 업무를 맡을 의향이 없으며 회사를 그만두겠다고 답변함.
- 근로자는 같은 날 F 사장과의 면담에서도 다른 일을 하기 위해 퇴사하겠다고 말함.
- 근로자는 2009. 12. 17. E 소장에게 12. 31.까지 근무하고 남은 기간은 연차휴가로 채우겠다고 말함.
- 근로자는 2009. 12. 17. D 팀장에게 인수인계를 진행하고, E 소장에게 인수인계를 마쳤으며 월요일부터 연차를 사용하고 그 이후에 사직서를 제출하겠다는 이메일을 보냄.
- 참가인은 2009. 12. 18. 근로자의 소지품, 사무용품 등을 정리하고 이메일 계정과 출입카드를 삭제함.
- 근로자는 2009. 12. 21.부터 12. 30.까지 연차휴가를 사용하던 중, H 팀장의 사직서 제출 요구에 대해 퇴직하지 않았다고 말하며 폐쇄된 이메일 계정 복구를 요청함.
- 근로자의 외삼촌이 회사를 방문하여 항의함.
- H 팀장이 2009. 12. 31.경 재차 사직서 제출을 요청하자, 근로자는 참가인이 퇴직을 유도했다며 항의하고 출근 요구를 거부함.
- 참가인은 2010. 1. 13. 근로자에게 2009. 12. 31.부로 퇴직처리 예정임을 알리는 내용증명을 발송하였으나 '폐문부재'로 반송됨.
- 참가인은 2010. 2. 4. 근로자에게 퇴직처리가 완료되었음을 알리는 내용증명을 발송하였으나 '폐문부재'로 반송됨.
- 참가인은 2010. 2. 10. 퇴직금을 근로자의 통장에 입금하였고, 근로자는 그 후 회사에 출근하지 않음.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
적법한 사직의 의사표시 존재 여부
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제1부 판결
사건: 2010구합36541 부당해고구제재심판정취소 원고: A 피고: 중앙노동위원회위원장 보조참가인: 주식회사 B 변론종결: 2011. 3. 23. 판결선고: 2011. 4. 22.
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 모두 원고가 부담한다.
1. 처분의 경위 가. 참가인은 서울 노원구 C에 본사 및 원주시 등에 지점을 두고 상시근로자 270여명을 사용하여 의료용 화학 및 바이오센서 개발·제조·판매업 등을 영위하는 회사이고, 원고는 2008. 1.경 참가인에 입사하여 연구원으로 근무하던 자이다. 나. 참가인은 원고의 사직의사에 따라 원고에 대하여 2009. 12. 31.자로 퇴직처리를 하였다. 다. 원고는 2010. 3. 18. 참가인의 퇴직처리가 부당하다며 서울지방노동위원회에 구제를 신청하였으나, 2010. 5. 4. 기각되었다. 라. 원고는 이에 불복하여 2010. 6. 10. 중앙노동위원회에 재심신청을 하였으나, 2010. 8. 27. 기각되었다(이하
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\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc6d0\uc744 \uc81c\ucd9c\ud558\uace0 \uc5c5\ubb34 \uc778\uacc4\uc778\uc218 \uc644\ub8cc\uc2dc\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc885\uc804\uc758 \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \uacc4\uc18d \uc9d1\ubb34\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.\n### \ube44\uc9c4\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc \uc5ec\ubd80\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc0ac\uc9c1 \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \ubc1d\ud788\uac8c \ub41c \uacbd\uc704 \ubc0f \uadf8 \uc774\ud6c4\uc758 \uc0ac\uc815 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud558\uba74, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc0ac\uc9c1 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\uac00 \uc804\ud600 \ub0b4\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc9c1\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac \uc5c6\uc774 \ud589\ud558\uc5ec\uc9c4 \ube44\uc9c4\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\ub77c\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \uc124\ub839 \uc0ac\uc9c1\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac \uc5c6\uc774 \uac10\uc815\uc0c1 \ubc1c\uc5b8\ud55c \uac83\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \ub2f9\uc2dc \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uadf8\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc54c\uc558\uac70\ub098 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0\ub3c4 \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ube44\uc9c4\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740 \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- E \uc18c\uc7a5\uc758 \uc6a9\uc561 \uc5c5\ubb34 \uc81c\uc548\uc774 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uc744 \uac15\uc694\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uc0ac\uc9c1 \uc758\uc0ac \uc5c6\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\ub85c \ud558\uc5ec\uae08 \uc5b4\uca54 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc774 \uc0ac\uc9c1 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\ub97c \ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc77c\ubc29\uc801\uc778 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc885\ub8cc\uc2dc\ud0a8 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218\ub3c4 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc0ac\uc9c1 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\uac00 \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \uc11c\uba74\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc838\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\uba70, \uad6c\ub450\ub098 \uc774\uba54\uc77c \ub4f1 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c\ub3c4 \uadf8 \ud6a8\ub825\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc0c1\uc758 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uc6d0 \uc81c\ucd9c \uaddc\uc815\uc740 \uc5c5\ubb34 \uc778\uc218\uc778\uacc4 \ubc0f \uc778\uc0ac\ud589\uc815\uc758 \uc6d0\ud65c\ud654\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uaddc\uc815\uc77c \ubfd0, \uc0ac\uc9c1 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8 \uc694\uac74\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uc0ac\uc9c1 \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud45c\uc2dc\ud55c \ud6c4 \ubc88\ubcf5\ud558\ub294 \ub4ef\ud55c \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uadf8\uac83\uc774 \uba85\uc2dc\uc801\uc778 \ucca0\ud68c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc774\ubbf8 \uc218\ub9ac\ub41c \uc0ac\uc9c1\uc758 \ud6a8\ub825\uc5d0\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud568.\n- \ube44\uc9c4\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ub0b4\uc2ec\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc640 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc778\uc2dd \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uba70, \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \uac10\uc815\uc801\uc778 \ubc1c\uc5b8\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \ube44\uc9c4\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568."}
- 근로계약관계의 합의해지에 관하여는 근로기준법에 특별한 규정이 없는 한 민법상 법률행위에 관한 규정이 적용되며, 민법상 의사표시는 원칙적으로 불요식행위로 사직의 의사표시 역시 특정한 방식이 요구되지 아니하므로, 서면은 물론 구두나 이메일을 통한 사직의 의사표시도 효력이 있음.
- 취업규칙 제66조 제1호의 '직원이 퇴직하고자 할 때에는 30일 전에 퇴직원을 제출하고 업무 인계인수 완료시까지 종전의 업무를 계속 집무하여야 한다.'는 규정은 참가인의 적정한 인사행정 처리와 업무 인수인계를 위한 규정에 불과할 뿐이고, 위 조항을 두고 근로자가 반드시 '퇴직원'이라는 명칭의 서면을 제출하여야만 적법한 사직의 의사표시를 한 것으로 볼 수 없음.
- 근로자가 E 소장의 용액팀 근무 제안을 거절하며 구두로 퇴사 의사를 밝히고, F 사장과의 면담에서도 퇴사 의사를 구두로 표시하였으며, E 소장에게 구두 및 이메일로 퇴직 의사를 분명히 밝힌 점 등을 종합하면, 근로자는 적법한 사직의 의사표시를 하였음.
- 근로자의 사직 의사표시를 감정상 발언에 불과한 잠정적인 의사표시로 볼 수 없음.
- 인사총무팀장의 사직서 제출 요구에 대한 근로자의 퇴직 부정 발언이나 외삼촌의 항의는 근로자가 이미 밝혔던 사직 의사를 명시적으로 철회한 것으로 볼 만한 사정이 아님.
- 참가인이 근로자에게 발송한 퇴직처리 관련 우편물의 도달 여부와 상관없이 근로자의 사직은 원고로부터 전달받은 사직 의사를 참가인이 수리함으로써 완료되었다고 판단함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 취업규칙 제66조(퇴직 사전예고) 1. 직원이 퇴직하고자 할 때에는 30일 전에 퇴직원을 제출하고 업무 인계인수 완료