서울동부지방법원 | 2022-04-22 | 2021노1090
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
미용실 헤어디자이너의 근로자성 및 퇴직금 미지급 고의 인정 여부
결과 요약
- 원심의 무죄 판결을 파기하고, 피고인에게 벌금 3,000,000원을 선고함.
- 피고인이 운영하는 미용실의 헤어디자이너들은 근로기준법상 근로자에 해당하며, 이들에게 퇴직금을 지급하지 않은 피고인에게 근로자퇴직급여보장법 위반의 고의가 인정됨.
사실관계
- 피고인은 서울 강동구 소재 미용실 'D'의 대표로서 상시 4인의 근로자를 사용하여 미용업을 경영함.
- 피고인은 2008. 6. 20.부터 2016. 10. 31.까지 근무하다 퇴직한 근로자 E를 비롯한 3명의 퇴직근로자에게 퇴직금 합계 30,358,183원을 퇴직일로부터 14일 이내에 지급하지 아니함.
- 1심 판결은 헤어디자이너들이 근로자로 평가될 여지가 있으나, 피고인에게 근로자퇴직급여보장법 위반의 고의가 있었다고 단정하기 어렵다는 이유로 무죄를 선고함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
헤어디자이너 E, S, H이 근로자인지 여부
- 법리: 근로기준법상 근로자 해당 여부는 계약 형식보다 실질에 있어 임금을 목적으로 종속적인 관계에서 근로를 제공했는지에 따라 판단함. 종속성 판단 시 업무 내용 지휘·감독 여부, 근무시간·장소 지정 여부, 독립 사업 영위 가능성, 보수의 근로 대가성, 근로 제공 관계의 계속성, 전속성, 사회보장제도 인정 여부 등 경제적·사회적 여러 조건을 종합적으로 고려함.
- 판단:
- E, S, H은 피고인이 정한 채용절차를 거쳐 채용되었고, '스태프, 디자이너, 실장, 점장' 순서의 직급체계가 적용됨.
- 피고인이 정한 근무시간(주간 10:00~20:00, 야간 11:00~21:00)과 근무장소(미용실)에 구속되었고, 피고인이 근태관리를 함.
- 개인 도구 외 시술제품 및 미용기계는 미용실 구비품을 사용했고, 제3자를 고용하여 업무를 대행할 수 없었으며, 고객 배정 순번은 피고인이 정함.
- 시술금액 및 할인율은 피고인이 전적으로 정했고, 헤어디자이너들이 임의로 조정할 수 없었음.
- 피고인이 헤어디자이너들의 블로그를 직접 관리하고 고객 관리 프로그램을 관리하는 등 독립 사업 영위가 어려웠음.
- 보수는 고정급 또는 매출액에 따른 인센티브 중 높은 금액을 지급받았으며, 이는 근로의 대가인 임금의 성격을 가짐.
- 2년 이상 근무하며 다른 사업장과의 겸직이 불가능했을 것으로 보임.
- 자유직업소득자계약서, 도급계약서 작성, 사업소득세 원천징수, 4대 보험 미가입 등은 사용자가 경제적 우월적 지위에서 임의로 정한 사정에 불과하여 근로자성을 뒤집는 사정으로 보기 어려움.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울동부지방법원 제3형사부 판결
사건: 2021노1090 근로자퇴직급여보장법위반 피고인: A 항소인: 검사 검사: 이정규(기소), 조영주(공판) 변호인: 법무법인 태영 담당변호사 정회일 원심판결: <case_cite ref="서울동부지방법원/2020고정679">서울동부지방법원 2021. 7. 8. 선고 2020고정679 판결</case_cite> 판결선고: 2022. 4. 22.
원심판결을 파기한다. 피고인을 벌금 3,000,000원에 처한다. 피고인이 위 벌금을 납입하지 아니하는 경우 100,000원을 1일로 환산한 기간 피고인을 노역장에 유치한다. 위 벌금 상당액의 가납을 명한다.
1. 항소이유의 요지 피고인이 운영하는 미용실에서 헤어디자이너로 근무한 E, S, H은 모두 근로기준법상 근로자에 해당함이 명백하고, 이들에게 기간 내 퇴직금을 지급하지 아니한 이상 피고인에게는 근로자퇴직급여보장법위반의 고의가 있다고 보아야 한다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 이와는 다른 전제에서 피고인에게 무죄를 선고한 원심에는 사실을 오인하거나 법리를 오해한 잘못이 있다. 2. 이 사건 공소사실의 요지 피고인은 서울 강동구 B, C호에 있는 D 대표로서 상시 4
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\uac15\ub3d9\uad6c \uc18c\uc7ac \ubbf8\uc6a9\uc2e4 'D'\uc758 \ub300\ud45c\ub85c\uc11c \uc0c1\uc2dc 4\uc778\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ubbf8\uc6a9\uc5c5\uc744 \uacbd\uc601\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 2008. 6. 20.\ubd80\ud130 2016. 10. 31.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uadfc\ubb34\ud558\ub2e4 \ud1f4\uc9c1\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 E\ub97c \ube44\ub86f\ud55c 3\uba85\uc758 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ud569\uacc4 30,358,183\uc6d0\uc744 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uc77c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 14\uc77c \uc774\ub0b4\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc740 \ud5e4\uc5b4\ub514\uc790\uc774\ub108\ub4e4\uc774 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ub420 \uc5ec\uc9c0\uac00 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec\ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc95 \uc704\ubc18\uc758 \uace0\uc758\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ub2e8\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ubb34\uc8c4\ub97c \uc120\uace0\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \ud5e4\uc5b4\ub514\uc790\uc774\ub108 E, S, H\uc774 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc778\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \ud574\ub2f9 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub294 \uacc4\uc57d \ud615\uc2dd\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc784\uae08\uc744 \ubaa9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc885\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \uadfc\ub85c\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud588\ub294\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud310\ub2e8\ud568. \uc885\uc18d\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8 \uc2dc \uc5c5\ubb34 \ub0b4\uc6a9 \uc9c0\ud718\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5 \uc5ec\ubd80, \uadfc\ubb34\uc2dc\uac04\u00b7\uc7a5\uc18c \uc9c0\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80, \ub3c5\ub9bd \uc0ac\uc5c5 \uc601\uc704 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131, \ubcf4\uc218\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c \ub300\uac00\uc131, \uadfc\ub85c \uc81c\uacf5 \uad00\uacc4\uc758 \uacc4\uc18d\uc131, \uc804\uc18d\uc131, \uc0ac\ud68c\ubcf4\uc7a5\uc81c\ub3c4 \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ub4f1 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801\u00b7\uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc870\uac74\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- E, S, H\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \uc815\ud55c \ucc44\uc6a9\uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uac70\uccd0 \ucc44\uc6a9\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, '\uc2a4\ud0dc\ud504, \ub514\uc790\uc774\ub108, \uc2e4\uc7a5, \uc810\uc7a5' \uc21c\uc11c\uc758 \uc9c1\uae09\uccb4\uacc4\uac00 \uc801\uc6a9\ub428.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \uc815\ud55c \uadfc\ubb34\uc2dc\uac04(\uc8fc\uac04 10:00~20:00, \uc57c\uac04 11:00~21:00)\uacfc \uadfc\ubb34\uc7a5\uc18c(\ubbf8\uc6a9\uc2e4)\uc5d0 \uad6c\uc18d\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \uadfc\ud0dc\uad00\ub9ac\ub97c \ud568.\n- \uac1c\uc778 \ub3c4\uad6c \uc678 \uc2dc\uc220\uc81c\ud488 \ubc0f \ubbf8\uc6a9\uae30\uacc4\ub294 \ubbf8\uc6a9\uc2e4 \uad6c\ube44\ud488\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud588\uace0, \uc81c3\uc790\ub97c \uace0\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \ub300\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \uace0\uac1d \ubc30\uc815 \uc21c\ubc88\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \uc815\ud568.\n- \uc2dc\uc220\uae08\uc561 \ubc0f \ud560\uc778\uc728\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \uc804\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ud588\uace0, \ud5e4\uc5b4\ub514\uc790\uc774\ub108\ub4e4\uc774 \uc784\uc758\ub85c \uc870\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \ud5e4\uc5b4\ub514\uc790\uc774\ub108\ub4e4\uc758 \ube14\ub85c\uadf8\ub97c \uc9c1\uc811 \uad00\ub9ac\ud558\uace0 \uace0\uac1d \uad00\ub9ac \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc744 \uad00\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \ub4f1 \ub3c5\ub9bd \uc0ac\uc5c5 \uc601\uc704\uac00 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6e0\uc74c.\n- \ubcf4\uc218\ub294 \uace0\uc815\uae09 \ub610\ub294 \ub9e4\ucd9c\uc561\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc778\uc13c\ud2f0\ube0c \uc911 \ub192\uc740 \uae08\uc561\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ubc1b\uc558\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc758 \ub300\uac00\uc778 \uc784\uae08\uc758 \uc131\uaca9\uc744 \uac00\uc9d0.\n- 2\ub144 \uc774\uc0c1 \uadfc\ubb34\ud558\uba70 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uacfc\uc758 \uacb8\uc9c1\uc774 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud588\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \uc790\uc720\uc9c1\uc5c5\uc18c\ub4dd\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c, \ub3c4\uae09\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c \uc791\uc131, \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc18c\ub4dd\uc138 \uc6d0\ucc9c\uc9d5\uc218, 4\ub300 \ubcf4\ud5d8 \ubbf8\uac00\uc785 \ub4f1\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc6b0\uc6d4\uc801 \uc9c0\uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uc784\uc758\ub85c \uc815\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud558\uc5ec \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131\uc744 \ub4a4\uc9d1\ub294 \uc0ac\uc815\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- **\uacb0\ub860\uc801\uc73c\ub85c E, S, H\uc740 \uc784\uae08\uc744 \ubaa9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc885\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.**\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2021. 8. 12. \uc120\uace0 2021\ub2e4222914 \ud310\uacb0\n### \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec\ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc95 \uc704\ubc18\uc758 \uace0\uc758\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc784\uae08 \ubc0f \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ub4f1 \uc9c0\uae09\uc758\ubb34\uc758 \uc874\ubd80\uc640 \ubc94\uc704\uc5d0 \uad00\ud558\uc5ec \ub2e4\ud234 \ub9cc\ud55c \uadfc\uac70\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud55c \ub370\uc5d0 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uc774\uc720\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc544 \uace0\uc758\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0. \ub2e4\ud234 \ub9cc\ud55c \uadfc\uac70\uac00 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc9c0\uae09 \uac70\uc808 \uc774\uc720, \uc9c0\uae09\uc758\ubb34 \uadfc\uac70, \ud68c\uc0ac \uc870\uc9c1\u00b7\uaddc\ubaa8, \uc0ac\uc5c5 \ubaa9\uc801, \ub2e4\ud23c \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc81c\ubc18 \uc815\ud669 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- E, S, H\uc740 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uace0\uc6a9\ub41c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc784.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec\ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc95 \uc801\uc6a9\uc744 \ud68c\ud53c\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc758\ub3c4\ub85c \uc790\uc720\uc9c1\uc5c5\uc18c\ub4dd\uc790\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c \ubc0f \ub3c4\uae09\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud558\uace0 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \uc9c0\uae09\uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uc704 \uacc4\uc57d\uc11c \ud615\uc2dd\uc744 \ub0b4\uc138\uc6cc \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \uc9c0\uae09 \uc694\uad6c\ub97c \uc804\ud600 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \ud604\uc7ac\uae4c\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc9c0\uae09\uc744 \uac70\ubd80\ud558\ub294 \uac15\uacbd\ud55c \uc785\uc7a5\uc744 \uace0\uc218\ud568.\n- \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131 \ubd88\ubd84\uba85\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc784\uae08 \ubc0f \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \uc9c0\uae09\uc744 \uac70\uc808\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ubb34\uc8c4\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc784\uae08 \ubc0f \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \uccad\uad6c\uad8c\uc744 \uc81c\ud55c\ud558\uace0 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \ubc0f \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec\ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc95\uc758 \ubaa9\uc801\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud568.\n- **\uacb0\ub860\uc801\uc73c\ub85c E, S, H\uc5d0\uac8c \uc77c\ubc29\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \uc804\uc561 \uc9c0\uae09\uc744 \uac70\ubd80\ud55c \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec\ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc95 \uc704\ubc18\uc758 \uace0\uc758\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub428.**\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2017. 7. 11. \uc120\uace0 2017\ub3c44343 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec\ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc95 \uc81c44\uc870 \uc81c1\ud638, \uc81c9\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \ud53c\ud574\uc790\ub4e4\uacfc \ud569\uc758\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uc600\uace0, \ud604\uc7ac\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08\uc744 \uc804\ud600 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ubc94\ud589\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uace0\uc758\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \ud53c\ud574\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubc95\ub960\uc801 \ud310\ub2e8\uc774 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6e0\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \ud55c \ucc28\ub840\uc758 \ubc8c\uae08\ud615 \uc804\uacfc \uc678\uc5d0 \ub2e4\ub978 \ud615\uc0ac\ucc98\ubc8c \uc804\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ubbf8\uc6a9\uc2e4 \ud5e4\uc5b4\ub514\uc790\uc774\ub108\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uc678\ud615\uc0c1 \ud504\ub9ac\ub79c\uc11c \uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uac00 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc9c1\uc885\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uace0, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \ubc95 \uc801\uc6a9\uc744 \ud68c\ud53c\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc758\ub3c4\ub85c \uacc4\uc57d \ud615\uc2dd\uc744 \uc545\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uace0\uc758\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \ucc98\ubc8c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8 \uc2dc \uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \ud615\uc2dd\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub294 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uc9c0\ud718\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5 \uad00\uacc4, \uadfc\ubb34 \ud615\ud0dc, \ubcf4\uc218\uc758 \uc131\uaca9 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uae30\uc874 \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 \ud310\ub840\uc758 \uc785\uc7a5\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud558\uace0, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc6b0\uc6d4\uc801 \uc9c0\uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\ubc29\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ud55c \uacc4\uc57d \uc870\uac74\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131\uc744 \ub4a4\uc9d1\ub294 \uc0ac\uc815\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80\uac00 \ubd88\ubd84\uba85\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \uc9c0\uae09\uc744 \uac70\uc808\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc774\uac83\uc774 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8\uc801 \uad8c\ub9ac\ub97c \uce68\ud574\ud558\uace0 \uad00\ub828 \ubc95\uc758 \ucde8\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud558\uc5ec, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uace0\uc758\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568."}
- 결론적으로 E, S, H은 임금을 목적으로 종속적인 관계에서 피고인에게 근로를 제공한 근로기준법상 근로자에 해당함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2021. 8. 12. 선고 2021다222914 판결
피고인에게 근로자퇴직급여보장법 위반의 고의가 인정되는지 여부
- 법리: 임금 및 퇴직금 등 지급의무의 존부와 범위에 관하여 다툴 만한 근거가 있는 경우 사용자가 지급하지 아니한 데에 상당한 이유가 있다고 보아 고의를 인정하기 어려움. 다툴 만한 근거가 있는지 여부는 사용자의 지급 거절 이유, 지급의무 근거, 회사 조직·규모, 사업 목적, 다툼 당시 제반 정황 등을 종합하여 판단함.
- 판단:
- E, S, H은 실질적으로 피고인에게 고용된 근로자임.
- 피고인은 근로기준법, 근로자퇴직급여보장법 적용을 회피하려는 의도로 자유직업소득자계약서 및 도급계약서를 작성하고 퇴직금 지급의무가 없음을 명시한 것으로 보임.
- 피고인은 위 계약서 형식을 내세워 퇴직금 지급 요구를 전혀 받아들이지 않고 현재까지도 지급을 거부하는 강경한 입장을 고수함.
- 사용자가 근로자성 불분명을 이유로 임금 및 퇴직금 지급을 거절하는 경우 무죄로 판단한다면, 근로자의 임금 및 퇴직금 청구권을 제한하고 근로기준법 및 근로자퇴직급여보장법의 목적에 반함.
- 결