제주지방법원 | 2019-11-21 | 2018가합13420
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
학교법인의 당연퇴직 처분 무효 확인 사건
판결 결과
당연퇴직 처분 무효 확인
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사건의 개요
근로자는 2001년부터 학교법인에 근무 중이었으나, 2015년 형사사건(공무집행방해 등)으로 징역 1년 집행유예 2년을 선고받았습니다. 회사는 형사판결 확정 후 징계절차 없이 근로자를 당연퇴직 처리하였고, 법원은 이를 무효라고 판단했습니다.
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핵심 쟁점과 판단
1. 근로기준법 적용 여부
- 회사의 실제 근로자 수가 4인 이하여서 근로기준법이 적용되지 않았습니다.
2. 징계절차 준수 의무 존재
- 회사 정관 제25조("직원은 징계에 의하지 아니하고는 부당하게 해임되지 아니한다")는 해고제한의 특례 조항입니다.
- 따라서 근로기준법 미적용 사업장이라도 정관에 해고제한 규정이 있으면 이를 따라야 합니다.
3. 절차 위반으로 무효 판단
- 회사는 인사위원회의 징계의결을 거치지 않고 일방적으로 당연퇴직을 처리했습니다.
- 당연퇴직도 결국 회사 측에서 일방적으로 근로관계를 종료하는 것으로, 해고와 동일한 성질입니다.
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실무적 시사점
소규모 사업장도 내부규정의 절차를 무시하면 해고 무효가 될 수 있습니다. 정관이나 취업규칙에 해고 관련 규정이 있다면 반드시 준수해야 합니다.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
제주지방법원 제2민사부 판결
사건: 2018가합13420 해고무효확인 원고: A 소송대리인 변호사 이길형 소송복대리인 변호사 박현민 피고: D공제회 소송대리인 변호사 김세희 변론종결: 2019. 10. 24. 판결선고: 2019. 11. 21.
1. 피고가 2015. 11. 13. 원고에게 한 당연퇴직 처분은 무효임을 확인한다. 2. 소송비용은 피고가 부담한다.
1. 인정사실 가. 당사자의 관계 피고는 학교안전사고 예방 및 보상에 관한 법률 제15조에 따라 설립된 법인이다. 원고는 2001. 2. 1.부터 피고의 직원으로 근무하고 있었다. 나. 원고에 대한 수사개시 및 피고의 징계 보류 1) 원고는 2015. 3. 28. 제주시 소재 커피숍에서 영업방해 행위, 폭행 행위, 경찰관 직무집행 방해 행위, 경찰관 상해 행위 등을 하였다. 2) 피고는 2015. 4. 3. 제주서부경찰서로부터 원고에 대한 수사개시 통보를 받고, 피고 인사규정(이하 '인사규정'이라고만 한다) 제50조에
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html", "member_only": false, "extraction_method": "next_data", "ai_summary": "# \ud559\uad50\ubc95\uc778\uc758 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1 \ucc98\ubd84 \ubb34\ud6a8 \ud655\uc778 \uc0ac\uac74: \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \ubbf8\uc801\uc6a9 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc758 \ud574\uace0 \uc81c\ud55c \ud2b9\ub840\uc640 \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc808\ucc28 \uc900\uc218 \uc5ec\ubd80\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ud55c \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1 \ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \ubb34\ud6a8\uc784\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2001. 2. 1.\ubd80\ud130 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ubb34\ud568.\n- 2015. 3. 28. \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc601\uc5c5\ubc29\ud574, \ud3ed\ud589, \uacbd\ucc30\uad00 \uc9c1\ubb34\uc9d1\ud589 \ubc29\ud574, \uacbd\ucc30\uad00 \uc0c1\ud574 \ud589\uc704 \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\uc0ac \uac1c\uc2dc \ud1b5\ubcf4\ub97c \ubc1b\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2015. 4. 3. \uc218\uc0ac \uac1c\uc2dc \ud1b5\ubcf4\ub97c \ubc1b\uace0 \uc778\uc0ac\uaddc\uc815\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758\uacb0 \uc694\uad6c\uc11c\ub97c \uc1a1\ubd80\ud558\uace0 \uc9c1\uc704\ud574\uc81c\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0 \uc778\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 2015. 4. 9. \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc815\uc2dd \uacf5\uc18c\uc81c\uae30 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758\uacb0\uc548 \uc2ec\uc758\ub97c \ubcf4\ub958\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2015. 6. 5. \uacf5\ubb34\uc9d1\ud589\ubc29\ud574 \ub4f1 \ud610\uc758\ub85c \uc9d5\uc5ed 1\ub144, \uc9d1\ud589\uc720\uc608 2\ub144\uc744 \uc120\uace0\ubc1b\uace0 \ud56d\uc18c\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0 \uc778\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 2015. 6. 25. \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc694\uccad\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud615\uc0ac\uc0ac\uac74 \ud56d\uc18c\uc2ec \ud310\uacb0\uc774 \uc788\uc744 \ub54c\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758\uacb0\uc744 \uc720\ubcf4\ud558\uae30\ub85c \uc758\uacb0\ud568.\n- 2015. 11. 5. \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud56d\uc18c\uac00 \uae30\uac01\ub418\uace0, 2015. 11. 13. \uc81c1\uc2ec \ud310\uacb0\uc774 \ud655\uc815\ub428.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2015. 11. 13. \uc778\uc0ac\uaddc\uc815 \uc81c42\uc870\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2015. 12. 4. \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08\uaddc\uc815 \uc81c5\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08\uc758 2\ubd84\uc758 1\uc744 \uac10\uc561\ud558\uc5ec \uc9c0\uae09\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc801\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc740 \uc0c1\uc2dc 5\uba85 \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc5c5 \ub610\ub294 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\ub428(\uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c11\uc870).\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**: \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc9c1\uc81c\uaddc\uc815, \uc2e4\uc81c \uc6b4\uc601 \ud604\ud669 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc77c\uc778 2015. 11. 13. \uc774\uc804 1\uac1c\uc6d4 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc5f0\uc778\uc6d0\uc744 \uac19\uc740 \uae30\uac04 \uc911\uc758 \uac00\ub3d9 \uc77c\uc218\ub85c \ub098\ub208 \uac12\uc774 4\ub97c \ub118\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud568.\n### \ud53c\uace0 \uc815\uad00\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc758 \uc81c\ud55c \ubc0f \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc131\uc9c8\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc0c1\uc2dc 4\uc778 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc774\ub77c\ub3c4, \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \uae30\uac04\uc758 \uc815\ud568\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ubbfc\ubc95 \uc81c660\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uadf8 \uc801\uc6a9\uc744 \ubc30\uc81c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc784\uc758\uaddc\uc815\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720\ub97c \uc5f4\uac70\ud558\uace0 \uadf8 \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574\uc11c\ub9cc \ud574\uace0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\ub294 '\ud574\uace0\uc81c\ud55c\uc758 \ud2b9\ub840'\ub97c \ub450\uc5c8\ub2e4\uba74, \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uc704 \ud2b9\ub840\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c\uc57c \ud558\uba70 \uc774\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud55c \ud574\uace0\ub294 \ubb34\ud6a8\uc784(\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2008. 3. 14. \uc120\uace0 2007\ub2e41418 \ud310\uacb0 \ucc38\uc870).\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \ud68c\uc0ac\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5a0\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc744 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uaddc\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uadf8 \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \ud1b5\uc0c1\uc758 \ud574\uace0\ub098 \uc9d5\uacc4\ud574\uace0\uc640 \ub2ec\ub9ac \ud558\uc600\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc640 \uad00\uacc4\uc5c6\uc774 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uce21\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\ubc29\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc885\ub8cc\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uba74 \uc131\uc9c8\uc0c1 \uc774\ub294 \ud574\uace0\ub85c\uc11c \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc81c\ud55c\uc744 \ubc1b\uc74c(\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1993. 10. 26 \uc120\uace0 92\ub2e454210 \ucc38\uc870).\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**: \ud53c\uace0 \uc815\uad00 \uc81c25\uc870(\"\uc9c1\uc6d0\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud558\uace0\ub294 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\uac8c \ud574\uc784\ub418\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud55c\ub2e4\")\ub294 '\ud574\uace0\uc81c\ud55c\uc758 \ud2b9\ub840'\ub97c \ub454 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc544\uc57c \ud568. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc744 \ud574\uc784\ud558\ub824\uba74 \uc778\uc0ac\uaddc\uc815 \uc81c50~55\uc870\uc5d0 \uc815\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc808\ucc28\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c\uc57c \ud568. \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc640 \uad00\uacc4\uc5c6\uc774 \ud53c\uace0 \uce21\uc5d0\uc11c \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc885\ub8cc\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \ud53c\uace0 \uc815\uad00 \uc81c25\uc870\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9d0\ud558\ub294 '\ud574\uc784', \uc989 \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n### \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8 \uc694\uac74 \ubc0f \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc808\ucc28 \uc900\uc218 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc774 \uc720\ud6a8\ud558\ub824\uba74 \uc778\uc0ac\uaddc\uc815 \uc81c50~55\uc870\uac00 \uc815\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc808\ucc28\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c\uc57c \ud568. \uc778\uc0ac\uaddc\uc815 \uc81c50\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc744 \uc9d5\uacc4\ud558\ub824\uba74 \ud53c\uace0 \uc778\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc758\uacb0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c\uc57c \ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**: \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc778\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc758\uacb0 \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uac70\uccd0 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\uc600\uc74c\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uc74c. \uc624\ud788\ub824 \uc778\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uac00 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758\uacb0\uc744 \uc720\ubcf4\ud558\uae30\ub85c \ud558\uc600\uace0, \ud615\uc0ac\ud310\uacb0 \ud655\uc815 \ud6c4 \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\ub9cc \uc778\uc815\ub428. \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc808\ucc28 \uc0dd\ub7b5\uc744 \uc694\uccad\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30\ub3c4 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc808\ucc28\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud558\uace0 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubd04\uc774 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud568.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc18c\uaddc\ubaa8 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc774\ub77c \ud560\uc9c0\ub77c\ub3c4, \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc774\ub098 \uc815\uad00 \ub4f1 \ub0b4\ubd80 \uaddc\uc815\uc5d0 \ud574\uace0 \uc81c\ud55c\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ud2b9\ub840 \uc870\ud56d\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \ud574\ub2f9 \ud2b9\ub840\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uc900\uc218\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, '\ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1'\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uba85\uce6d\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc640 \ubb34\uad00\ud558\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc885\ub8cc\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ud589\uc704\ub294 '\ud574\uace0'\ub85c \ubcf4\uc544 \ub0b4\ubd80 \uaddc\uc815\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uc900\uc218\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc758 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uc801\uc6a9\uc744 \ubc1b\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uace0\uc6a9 \uc548\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ubcf4\ud638\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ubc95\ub9ac\uc801 \ud310\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc74c."}