서울고등법원 | 2022-12-16 | 2021나2037138
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
해고무효확인 및 임금 청구 사건
판결 결과
- 제1차 해고처분: 무효이나 확인의 이익 없음 (기각)
- 제2차 해고처분: 적법 (원고 항소 기각)
사건의 배경
근로자는 회사의 상무이사로 근무 중이었습니다. 회사는 2017년 12월 제1차 해고를 통지했으나 절차상 하자가 있었고, 2018년 9월 제2차 해고를 통지했습니다.
핵심 쟁점과 판결 논리
1. 제1차 해고무효 확인의 의미
법원은 "제1차 해고는 절차상 하자로 무효이지만, 제2차 해고가 적법하게 이루어졌다면 근로자 지위 회복이 불가능하므로 제1차 해고무효 확인을 구할 이익이 없다"고 판단했습니다.
- 제1차 해고의 절차적 결함은 회사의 추인으로도 치유될 수 없음
- 다만 제2차 해고는 제1차와 별개의 새로운 징계처분으로 봄
2. 제2차 해고의 타당성 판단
제2차 해고의 징계사유 중:
| 사유 | 판단 |
|------|------|
| 하이패스카드 무단사용 (유죄 확정 부분) | 인정 |
| 법인카드 무단사용 | 인정 안 함 |
| 무단 사업장 이탈 (11.22~23) | 인정 |
| 대표이사 징계 요구 행위 | 인정 |
| 업무상 배임 | 인정 안 함 |
실무적 시사점
절차상 하자가 있는 해고도 나중에 적법한 재징계로 보완될 수 있으므로, 해고 통지 시 절차 준수가 중요합니다. 또한 형사판결 확정 사실은 징계의 근거로 강력한 증거가 됩니다.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울고등법원 제38-2민사부 판결
사건: 2021나2037138 해고무효확인 원고,항소인겸피항소인: A 피고,피항소인겸항소인: 주식회사 B 소송대리인 법무법인 문장 담당변호사 임원택, 동방봉용 제1심판결: <case_cite ref="서울중앙지방법원/2019가합566432">서울중앙지방법원 2021. 9. 16. 선고 2019가합566432 판결</case_cite> 변론종결: 2022. 10. 28. 판결선고: 2022. 12. 16.
1. 원고의 항소와 이 법원에서 확장한 청구를 모두 기각한다. 2. 피고의 항소를 기각한다. 3. 항소비용 중 원고의 항소로 인한 부분은 원고가, 피고의 항소로 인한 부분은 피고가 각 부담하고, 이 법원에서 확장한 청구로 인하여 생긴 소송비용은 원고가 부담한다.
1. 제1심 판결의 인용 이 법원이 이 사건에 관하여 적을 이유는, 아래와 같이 고치거나 추가하는 것을 제외하고는 제1심 판결 이유와 같으므로, 민사소송법 제420조 본문에 의하여 이를 그대로 인용한다. 제1심 판결문 제5면 글상자 아래 제2, 3행의 "국민권익위원회(이하 '권익위'라고 만 한다)"를 "권익위"로 고친다. 제1심 판결문 제8면 제6행의 "원고에게" 다음에 "청구취지 기재와 같은"을 추가한다. 제1심 판결문 제10면 제8행의 "을 제1, 2, 9호증"을 "을 제1, 2, 9, 26, 29호증"으로 고치고, 같은 면
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html", "member_only": false, "extraction_method": "next_data", "ai_summary": "# \ud574\uace0\ubb34\ud6a8\ud655\uc778 \ubc0f \uc784\uae08 \uccad\uad6c \uc0ac\uac74: \uc81c1\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84 \ubb34\ud6a8 \ubc0f \uc81c2\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84 \uc801\ubc95\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc81c1\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84 \ubb34\ud6a8\ud655\uc778 \uccad\uad6c\ub294 \ud655\uc778\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5b4 \uae30\uac01\ud558\uace0, \uc81c2\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc801\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud56d\uc18c\uc640 \uc774 \ubc95\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c \ud655\uc7a5\ud55c \uccad\uad6c\ub97c \ubaa8\ub450 \uae30\uac01\ud558\uace0, \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \ud56d\uc18c\ub97c \uae30\uac01\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud53c\uace0 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc0c1\ubb34\uc774\uc0ac\ub85c \uadfc\ubb34\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098 \uc774\uc0ac\ub85c \ub4f1\uae30\ub418\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc558\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2017. 12. 7. \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc81c1\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ud1b5\uc9c0\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \uc774\ub294 \uc808\ucc28\uc0c1 \ud558\uc790\ub85c \ubb34\ud6a8\uc600\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc81c1\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84 \uc774\ud6c4 2017. 11. 22.\ubd80\ud130 23.\uae4c\uc9c0 \ubb34\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc744 \uc774\ud0c8\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2018. 9. 6. \uc81c1\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uacfc \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720 \ubc0f \ucd94\uac00 \uc0ac\uc720\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc81c2\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ud1b5\uc9c0\ud568.\n- \uc81c1\ucc28 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720(\ubc95\uc778\uce74\ub4dc \ubc0f \ud558\uc774\ud328\uc2a4\uce74\ub4dc \ubb34\ub2e8\uc0ac\uc6a9) \uc911 \ud558\uc774\ud328\uc2a4\uce74\ub4dc \ubb34\ub2e8\uc0ac\uc6a9 \uc77c\ubd80\ub294 \ud615\uc0ac\ud310\uacb0\ub85c \uc720\uc8c4\uac00 \ud655\uc815\ub428.\n- \uc81c4\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720(\ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc694\uad6c)\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \ubcf5\ubb34\uc9c8\uc11c\ub97c \ubb38\ub780\ucf00 \ud55c \ud589\uc704\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc81c1\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84 \ubb34\ud6a8 \ud655\uc778\uc758 \uc774\uc775 \uc720\ubb34\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc81c1\ucc28 \uc9d5\uacc4\ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \ub2e4\ud22c\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0\uc11c \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \ubcf4\uc644\ud558\uc5ec \uc81c2\ucc28 \uc9d5\uacc4\ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uac00\ub2a5\ud568. \uc81c1\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84 \uc774\ud6c4 \uc81c2\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc801\ubc95\ud558\uac8c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc84c\ub2e4\uba74, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704 \ud68c\ubcf5\uc774 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c \uc81c1\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud574\uace0\ubb34\ud6a8\ud655\uc778\uc758 \uc18c\ub294 \ud655\uc778\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \ud53c\uace0\uac00 2018. 9. 5. \uc9d5\uacc4\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub97c \ub2e4\uc2dc \uac1c\ucd5c\ud558\uc5ec \uc81c1\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ucd94\uc778\ud558\ub824 \ud588\uc73c\ub098, \ubb34\ud6a8\uc778 \ud589\uc704\ub294 \ucd94\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\ud6a8\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uc81c1\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \ud558\uc790\ub294 \uce58\uc720\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc81c2\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc81c1\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uacfc \uad6c\ubd84\ub418\ub294 \ubcc4\uac1c\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc544\uc57c \ud568. \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \ud574\uace0 \ud6a8\ub825\uc758 \uc18c\uae09\uc744 \uc758\uc695\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \uadf8\uac83\uc774 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud560 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc7a5\ub798\uc5d0 \ud5a5\ud558\uc5ec \ud574\uace0 \ud6a8\ub825\uc744 \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc758\uc0ac\uc600\uc74c\uc774 \uba85\ubc31\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0 \uc5ed\uc2dc \uc81c2\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ubcc4\uac1c\uc758 \ucc98\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc5ec \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud55c \uc810 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c, \uc81c2\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc81c2\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc801\ubc95\ud558\uac8c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc84c\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc81c1\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud574\uace0\ubb34\ud6a8\ud655\uc778 \uccad\uad6c\ub294 \ud655\uc778\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5b4 \uae30\uac01\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1996. 4. 23. \uc120\uace0 95\ub2e453102 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1995. 12. 5. \uc120\uace0 95\ub2e436138 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2004. 7. 22. \uc120\uace0 2002\ub2e457362 \ud310\uacb0\n### \uc81c2\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 \uc801\ubc95\uc131\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc774\ubbf8 \ud655\uc815\ub41c \uad00\ub828 \ud615\uc0ac\uc0ac\uac74\uc758 \ud310\uacb0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uc815\ub41c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc740 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \ud55c \uc720\ub825\ud55c \uc790\ub8cc\uac00 \ub418\uc5b4 \ubc30\ucc99\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- **\uc81c1\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 (\ubc95\uc778\uce74\ub4dc \ubc0f \ud558\uc774\ud328\uc2a4\uce74\ub4dc \ubb34\ub2e8\uc0ac\uc6a9)**:\n- \ud558\uc774\ud328\uc2a4\uce74\ub4dc \ubb34\ub2e8\uc0ac\uc6a9 \uc911 \ud615\uc0ac\ud310\uacb0\ub85c \uc720\uc8c4\uac00 \ud655\uc815\ub41c \ubd80\ubd84\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ud568. (\uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \uad00\ub828\uc131\uc744 \uc18c\uba85\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud588\uace0, \ud558\uc774\ud328\uc2a4\uce74\ub4dc\ub97c \ud734\uac8c\uc18c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc74c\uc2dd\ubb3c \uad6c\ub9e4\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ud1b5\uc0c1\uc801 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc29\ubc95\uc774 \uc544\ub2d8)\n- \ubc95\uc778\uce74\ub4dc \ubb34\ub2e8\uc0ac\uc6a9 \uc804\uccb4 \ubc0f \ud558\uc774\ud328\uc2a4\uce74\ub4dc \ubb34\ub2e8\uc0ac\uc6a9 \uc911 \uc720\uc8c4 \ud655\uc815 \ubd80\ubd84\uc744 \uc81c\uc678\ud55c \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \ubd80\ubd84\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \ubd80\uc871\ud568. (\uac80\ucc30\uc758 \ud610\uc758\uc5c6\uc74c \ucc98\ubd84, \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0 \uc7ac\uc9c1 \uc911 \uc0ac\uc6a9 \ub0b4\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ubcc4\ub2e4\ub978 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc0bc\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc810, \uc120\ud589 \ud589\uc815\ud310\uacb0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 \uc874\ubd80\uac00 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uc7c1\uc810\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\uc5c8\ub358 \uc810 \ub4f1)\n- **\uc81c2\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 (\ubb34\ub2e8 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5 \uc774\ud0c8)**: \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 2017. 11. 22.\ubd80\ud130 23.\uae4c\uc9c0 \ubb34\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc744 \uc774\ud0c8\ud55c \ud589\uc704\ub294 \ud53c\uace0 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c92\uc870(\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720) 2\ud638\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ud568.\n- **\uc81c3\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 (\uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc784)**: \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- **\uc81c4\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 (\ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc694\uad6c)**:\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c \ucd9c\uc11d \ud1b5\uc9c0 \ub2f9\uc77c \ubc0f \uc774\ud2c0 \ud6c4 \uc9c1\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\ub97c \uc694\uad6c\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud568.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0 \ubcf8\uc778\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4 \uacb0\uc815\uc5d0 \ubc18\ubc1c\ud558\uc5ec \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\ub97c \ube44\ub09c\ud560 \uc758\ub3c4\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc774\uba70, \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \ubcf5\ubb34\uc9c8\uc11c\ub97c \ubb38\ub780\ucf00 \ud558\ub294 \ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc801\uc2dc\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 \uc911 \uc77c\ubd80\ub294 \uadfc\uac70\uac00 \ubd80\uc871\ud558\uba70, \uc77c\ubd80 \uc9c4\uc2e4\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774 \uc788\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \ud589\uc704\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ud2b9\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740, \ud1b5\uc9c0\uc11c \uae30\uc7ac \ub4f1\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \ud30c\uc545\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc81c4\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n### \uc784\uae08 \uccad\uad6c\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**: \uc81c2\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc801\ubc95\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc784\uae08 \uccad\uad6c\ub294 \uae30\uac01\ud568.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 **\uc808\ucc28\uc801 \ud558\uc790\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uc81c1\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84 \uc774\ud6c4 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 \ub610\ub294 \ubcf4\uc644\ub41c \uc808\ucc28\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc81c2\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc81c1\ucc28 \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \ud655\uc778\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uc774 \uc18c\uba78**\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ubc95\ub9ac\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568. \uc774\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704 \ud68c\ubcf5 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \uae30\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\uc778\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\ub294 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uae30\uc900\uc774 \ub428.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 **\uad00\ub828 \ud615\uc0ac\ud310\uacb0\uc758 \ud655\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\ub85c \uace0\ub824**\ud558\ub418, \ubd88\uae30\uc18c \ucc98\ubd84\uc774\ub098 \uc18c\uc1a1\uc758 \uc7c1\uc810\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\uc5c8\ub358 \uc0ac\uc548\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \uc99d\uba85\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc2e0\uc911\ud558\uac8c \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, **\uc870\uc9c1 \ub0b4 \ubcf5\ubb34\uc9c8\uc11c \ubb38\ub780 \ud589\uc704**\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 \uc778\uc815 \uc2dc, \ud589\uc704\uc758 \ub3d9\uae30, \ub0b4\uc6a9, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc870\uc9c1\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\ub294 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568."}