수원지방법원 안산지원 | 2020-10-15 | 2019고단213,2019고단3010(병합),2020고단2513(병합)
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
해고예고수당 미지급, 임금 미지급 및 횡령죄에 대한 유죄 판결 및 공소기각
결과 요약
- 피고인에게 징역 6개월을 선고함.
- 임금 미지급 및 근로자 퇴직급여보장법 위반에 대한 공소는 기각함.
사실관계
- 피고인은 'C'라는 상호로 제조업을 운영하며 상시 근로자 5명을 사용함.
- 피고인은 2016. 3. 4.경 근로자 D를 사전 예고 없이 해고하며 30일분 통상임금 1,837,320원을 미지급하는 등 총 3명의 근로자에게 합계 8,178,420원의 해고예고수당을 미지급함.
- 피고인은 2015. 11. 1.부터 2016. 2. 29.까지 근무한 근로자 E의 2016년 1월 임금 190만 원을 퇴직일로부터 14일 이내에 미지급함.
- 피고인은 2018. 1.경 피해자 F과 G 주식회사 설립을 위해 F 명의의 통장(기업은행 계좌 H)과 체크카드를 보관하던 중, 2018. 1. 12.경 입금된 2,000만 원 중 13,484,140원을 개인적인 용도로 임의 사용하여 횡령함.
- 2019고단213호 공소사실 중 임금 미지급 및 근로자퇴직급여보장법 위반의 점은 피해자들이 공소제기 이후 처벌불원 의사를 표시함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
해고예고수당 미지급 관련 근로기준법 위반
- 피고인 측은 회사가 폐업 직전 상황으로 근로기준법 제26조 단서 제2호의 '부득이한 사유'에 해당하여 해고 예고 의무가 없다고 주장함.
- 법원은 '부득이한 사유'는 기업 외부에 원인이 있고 불가항력적인 경우를 의미하며, 일반적인 경영상 어려움은 해당하지 않는다고 판단함. 피고인 회사의 경영 어려움만으로는 부득이한 사유로 볼 수 없다고 판단하여 피고인 주장을 배척함.
- 피고인 측은 근로자들과의 합의 해지였고 해고통지서는 편의상 작성된 것이라고 주장함.
- 법원은 근로자들의 진술에 비추어 사직 의사표시나 합의 해지에 대한 의사 합치가 있었다고 보이지 않는다고 판단하여 피고인 주장을 배척함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 근로기준법 제26조 (해고의 예고): 사용자는 근로자를 해고하려면 적어도 30일 전에 예고를 하거나 30일분 이상의 통상임금을 지급하여야 한다. 다만, 다음 각 호의 어느 하나에 해당하는 경우에는 그러하지 아니하다. 2. 천재·사변, 그 밖의 부득이한 사유로 사업을 계속하는 것이 불가능한 경우.
횡령죄 성립 여부
- 피고인 측은 G 주식회사 관련 자금을 사용하였고, G 주식회사의 지분 60%를 피고인 측이 보유하고 있었으며, F에게 일부 금전을 지급하기도 하여 횡령죄에 해당하지 않는다고 주장함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
수원지방법원안산지원 판결
사건: 2019고단213 근로기준법위반, 근로자퇴직급여보장법위반 2019고단3010(병합) 근로기준법위반 2020고단2513(병합) 횡령 피고인: A 검사: 권영주, 김예은, 이상미(기소), 성인욱(공판) 변호인: 변호사 이승용, 하상우 판결선고: 2020. 10. 15.
피고인을 징역 6개월에 처한다. 이 법원 2019고단213호의 공소사실 중 임금미지급 관련 근로기준법위반의 점, 근로자 퇴직급여보장법위반의 점에 관한 공소를 기각한다.
범죄사실 「2019고단213」 - 근로기준법위반(해고수당 미지급) 피고인은 시흥시 B에서 'C'라는 상호로 상시 근로자 5명을 사용하여 제조업을 운영했던 사람이다. 사용자는 근로자를 해고하고자 할 때에는 적어도 30일 전에 그 예고를 하여야 하고, 30일 전에 예고하지 아니할 때에는 30일분 이상의 통상임금을 지급하여야 한다. 그럼에도 불구하고 피고인은 2016. 3. 4.경 사전 예고 없이 위 업체에서 근무하던 D를 해고하면서 통상임금의 30일분에 해당하는 1,837,320원을 지급하지 아니한 것을 비롯하여, 별지 범죄일람표 기재와 같이 근
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\uad00\ub828\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc810, F\uc5d0\uac8c \uc77c\ubd80 \uae08\uc804\uc774 \uc9c0\uae09\ub418\uc5c8\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc774\ub294 \ubc94\uc8c4 \uc131\ub9bd \uc774\ud6c4\uc758 \uc0ac\uc815\uc778 \uc810 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 F\uc758 \ub3c8\uc744 \uc784\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ud6a1\ub839\uc8c4\ub97c \ubc94\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- **\ud615\ubc95 \uc81c355\uc870 (\ud6a1\ub839, \ubc30\uc784)**: \u2460 \ud0c0\uc778\uc758 \uc7ac\ubb3c\uc744 \ubcf4\uad00\ud558\ub294 \uc790\uac00 \uadf8 \uc7ac\ubb3c\uc744 \ud6a1\ub839\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uadf8 \ubc18\ud658\uc744 \uac70\ubd80\ud55c \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 5\ub144 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uc9d5\uc5ed \ub610\ub294 1\ucc9c500\ub9cc\uc6d0 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \ubc8c\uae08\uc5d0 \ucc98\ud55c\ub2e4.\n### \uc784\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \ubc0f \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uacf5\uc18c\uae30\uac01\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 D \ub4f1\uc5d0\uac8c \uc784\uae08 \ubc0f \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08\uc744 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\ud568.\n- \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \ud574\ub2f9 \uacf5\uc18c\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c109\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d, \uc81c36\uc870 \ubc0f \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec \ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc95 \uc81c44\uc870 \ubcf8\ubb38 \uc81c1\ud638, \uc81c9\uc870\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \uc8c4\ub85c\uc11c, \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c109\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d \ubc0f \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec \ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc95 \uc81c44\uc870 \ub2e8\uc11c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud53c\ud574\uc790\uc758 \uba85\uc2dc\uc801\uc778 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \uacf5\uc18c\ub97c \uc81c\uae30\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc8c4\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568. \ud53c\ud574\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uacf5\uc18c\uc81c\uae30 \uc774\ud6c4 \ucc98\ubc8c\ubd88\uc6d0 \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \ud45c\uc2dc\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \ud615\uc0ac\uc18c\uc1a1\ubc95 \uc81c327\uc870 \uc81c6\ud638\uc5d0 \uc758\uac70 \uacf5\uc18c\ub97c \uae30\uac01\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- **\uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c109\uc870 (\ubc8c\uce59)**: \u2460 \uc81c36\uc870, \uc81c43\uc870, \uc81c44\uc870, \uc81c44\uc870\uc7582, \uc81c46\uc870, \uc81c48\uc870, \uc81c50\uc870, \uc81c51\uc870, \uc81c52\uc870, \uc81c53\uc870, \uc81c54\uc870, \uc81c55\uc870, \uc81c66\uc870, \uc81c67\uc870, \uc81c70\uc870, \uc81c74\uc870, \uc81c74\uc870\uc7582, \uc81c75\uc870 \ub610\ub294 \uc81c76\uc870\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud55c \uc790\ub294 3\ub144 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uc9d5\uc5ed \ub610\ub294 3\ucc9c\ub9cc\uc6d0 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \ubc8c\uae08\uc5d0 \ucc98\ud55c\ub2e4. \u2461 \uc81c36\uc870, \uc81c43\uc870, \uc81c44\uc870, \uc81c44\uc870\uc7582, \uc81c46\uc870, \uc81c48\uc870, \uc81c50\uc870, \uc81c51\uc870, \uc81c52\uc870, \uc81c53\uc870, \uc81c54\uc870, \uc81c55\uc870 \ub610\ub294 \uc81c66\uc870\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud55c \uc8c4\ub294 \ud53c\ud574\uc790\uc758 \uba85\uc2dc\uc801\uc778 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \uacf5\uc18c\ub97c \uc81c\uae30\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4.\n- **\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec \ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc95 \uc81c44\uc870 (\ubc8c\uce59)**: \ub2e4\uc74c \uac01 \ud638\uc758 \uc5b4\ub290 \ud558\ub098\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \uc790\ub294 3\ub144 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uc9d5\uc5ed \ub610\ub294 2\ucc9c\ub9cc\uc6d0 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \ubc8c\uae08\uc5d0 \ucc98\ud55c\ub2e4. 1. \uc81c9\uc870\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud55c \uc790. \ub2e4\ub9cc, \ud53c\ud574\uc790\uc758 \uba85\uc2dc\uc801\uc778 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \uacf5\uc18c\ub97c \uc81c\uae30\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4.\n- **\ud615\uc0ac\uc18c\uc1a1\ubc95 \uc81c327\uc870 (\uacf5\uc18c\uae30\uac01\uc758 \ud310\uacb0)**: \ub2e4\uc74c \uac01 \ud638\uc758 1\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \ud310\uacb0\ub85c\uc368 \uacf5\uc18c\uae30\uac01\uc758 \uc120\uace0\ub97c \ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. 6. \uacf5\uc18c\uc81c\uae30 \uc808\ucc28\uac00 \ubc95\ub960\uc758 \uaddc\uc815\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \ubb34\ud6a8\uc778 \ub54c.\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- **\uc591\ud615 \uc0ac\uc720**:\n- **\ubd88\ub9ac\ud55c \uc815\uc0c1**: \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ud574\uace0 \uc608\uace0 \uc218\ub2f9 \uc561\uc218\uac00 \uc801\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc785\uc740 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc190\uc2e4\uc774 \uc7a5\uae30\uac04 \uc9c0\uc18d\ub428. \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc704\ubc18\uc8c4\ub85c \uc5ec\ub7ec \ucc28\ub840 \ubc8c\uae08\ud615\uc744 \uc120\uace0\ubc1b\uc740 \uc804\ub825\uc774 \uc788\uc74c. \ud6a1\ub839\uc561\uc774 \ud06c\uace0 \ud53c\ud574 \ud68c\ubcf5\uc774 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- **\uc720\ub9ac\ud55c \uc815\uc0c1**: \ud574\uace0 \uc608\uace0 \uc218\ub2f9\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ubc1b\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucc98\ubc8c\uc744 \uc6d0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c. E\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uc784\uae08 \uc561\uc218\uac00 \ud06c\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \ub300\uc5ec\uae08 \ubcc0\uc81c \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\ubd80 \ubcc0\uc81c\ub418\uc5c8\uc744 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc788\uc74c. \ud6a1\ub839\uc8c4\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, F\uc774 \uc790\uae08\uc744 \ub9c8\ub828\ud560 \ub2f9\uc2dc \ud53c\uace0\uc778\ub3c4 \uc5f0\ub300\ubcf4\uc99d\uc778\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \ucc44\ubb34\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \ubd80\ub2f4\ud568. \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \ud6a1\ub839\ud55c \ub3c8\uc744 \uc8fc\ub85c I\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \uc9c0\ucd9c\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \uc77c\ubd80 \ub3c8\uc774 I\uc758 \uacc4\uc88c \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 F\uc5d0\uac8c \uc774\uccb4\ub418\uae30\ub3c4 \ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \ubc0f \ud6a1\ub839\uc8c4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \uba74\ubc00\ud788 \uac80\ud1a0\ud558\uc5ec \ubc30\ucc99\ud558\uace0 \uc720\uc8c4\ub97c \uc120\uace0\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\uc784. \ud2b9\ud788 \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uacfc \uad00\ub828\ud558\uc5ec '\ubd80\ub4dd\uc774\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720'\uc758 \ud574\uc11d\uc744 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud558\uac8c \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \uacbd\uc601\uc0c1 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc740 \uc774\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ud6a1\ub839\uc8c4\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c\ub294 \uc790\uae08\uc758 \uc704\ud0c1\uad00\uacc4\uc640 \uc0ac\uc6a9 \uc6a9\ub3c4\ub97c \uc911\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc5ec, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \uac1c\uc778\uc801\uc778 \uc6a9\ub3c4 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc778\uc815\ud568.\n- \ubc18\uba74, \uc784\uae08 \ubc0f \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uac74\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \ud53c\ud574\uc790\uc758 \ucc98\ubc8c\ubd88\uc6d0 \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \uc874\uc911\ud558\uc5ec \uacf5\uc18c\uae30\uac01 \uacb0\uc815\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9bc\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \ubc18\uc758\uc0ac\ubd88\ubc8c\uc8c4\uc758 \ubc95\ub9ac\ub97c \ucda9\uc2e4\ud788 \uc801\uc6a9\ud568.\n- \ubcc0\ud638\uc778\uc740 \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uacfc \uad00\ub828\ud558\uc5ec \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uacbd\uc601\uc0c1 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc774 '\ubd80\ub4dd\uc774\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720'\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568\uc744 \uc801\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \uc774\ub97c \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \ud574\ub2f9 \ubc95\ub9ac\uc758 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \uc801\uc6a9\uc744 \ud655\uc778\uc2dc\ucf1c\uc90c. \ub610\ud55c \ud6a1\ub839\uc8c4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \uc790\uae08 \uc0ac\uc6a9 \ubaa9\uc801\uc774 \uac1c\uc778\uc801\uc778 \uc6a9\ub3c4\uc600\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc5ec \uc720\uc8c4\ub97c \uc120\uace0\ud568.\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc704\ubc18 \ubc0f \ud6a1\ub839\uc8c4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \uc77c\uad00\ub41c \ud0dc\ub3c4\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\uba70, \ud2b9\ud788 \ubc18\uc758\uc0ac\ubd88\ubc8c\uc8c4\uc758 \uc801\uc6a9 \ubc94\uc704\uc640 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568."}
- 법원은 F이 G 주식회사 설립 및 운영 자금으로 2,000만 원을 차용하여 피고인에게 보관시킨 점, 피고인이 지출 시 F의 명시적 승낙을 받지 않았고 F의 이익을 위한 지출로 보이지 않는 점, 위탁관계는 F과 피고인 사이에 존재하므로 G 주식회사의 지분관계는 횡령죄 성립에 직접 관련이 없는 점, F에게 일부 금전이 지급되었더라도 이는 범죄 성립 이후의 사정인 점 등을 종합하여 피고인이 F의 돈을 임의 사용하여 횡령죄를 범했다고 판단함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 형법 제355조 (횡령, 배임):
① 타인의 재물을 보관하는 자가 그 재물을 횡령하거나 그 반환을 거부한 때에는 5년 이하의 징역 또는 1천500만원 이하의 벌금에 처한다.
임금 미지급 및 퇴직금 미지급 공소기각
- 피고인은 근로자 D 등에게 임금 및 퇴직금을 미지급함.
- 법원은 해당 공소사실이 근로기준법 제109조 제1항, 제36조 및 근로자퇴직급여 보장법 제44조 본문 제1호, 제9조에 해당하는 죄로서, 근로기준법 제109조 제2항 및 근로자퇴직급여 보장법 제44조 단서에 따라 피해자의 명시적인 의사에 반하여 공소를 제기할 수 없는 죄에 해당한다고 판단함. 피해자들이 공소제기 이후 처벌불원 의사를 표시하였으므로 형사소송법 제327조 제6호에 의거 공소를 기각함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 근로기준법 제109조 (벌칙):
① 제36조, 제43조, 제44조, 제44조의2, 제46조, 제48조,