서울행정법원 | 2004-01-27 | 2003구합25611
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
교회 사무장의 상사 폭언·항명으로 인한 징계해고 정당성
결과
재심판정 기각 - 회사의 징계해고가 정당하다는 중앙노동위원회 판정이 유지됨
사건 개요
근로자는 1994년 7월부터 교회 사무장으로 근무하다가 2002년 11월 상사 폭언, 담임목사 지시 불이행, 위계질서 문란 등을 사유로 해고됨. 부당해고 구제신청을 거쳐 행정소송까지 진행됨.
핵심 쟁점과 판단
1. 징계절차의 정당성
- 판단: 근로자는 교회 헌법상 직원이 아니므로 일반 직원 징계절차 적용이 정당함
- 의의: 새로 제정된 징계규칙을 과거 비위행위에 적용해도 절차 위반이 아님
2. 징계사유 인정 (일부 제외)
징계대상 행위로 인정:
- 부목사에 대한 수차례 폭언
- 담임목사 지시 불이행 및 항명 행위
- 허위사실 유포, 직장 내 소란 행위
징계대상에서 제외:
- 2002년 8월~9월 결근 → 연차유급휴가 신청이므로 무단결근 아님
- 회사가 사업상 심대한 지장을 입증하지 못하면 해고사유 불가
3. 징계양정의 정당성
신앙공동체인 교회는 구성원 간 신뢰·존중이 일반 직장보다 중요함. 근로자가 교역자들의 지시에 불복종하고 상사를 모욕한 행위는 신뢰관계를 심각하게 훼손하여 해고가 상당하다고 판단
실무 시사점
연차휴가 신청 후 결근은 무단결근이 아님 (회사의 명확한 입증 필요)
상사 폭언·항명은 중대한 징계사유가 될 수 있음
종교기관도 고용관계는 노동법의 적용 대상
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제13부 판결
사건: 2003구합25611 부당해고구제재심판정취소 원고: A 피고: 중앙노동위원회위원장 보조참가인: B교회 소송대리인 변호사 주완, 최현희 변론종결: 2003. 12. 16. 판결선고: 2004. 1. 27.
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 비용을 포함하여 모두 원고가 부담한다.
1. 재심판정의 경위 다음 사실들은 당사자 사이에 다툼이 없거나, 을제1호증의 1, 2의 각 기재에 변론의전 취지를 종합하면 이를 인정할 수 있다. 가. 원고는 1994. 7. 18. 참가인 교회에 사무장으로 채용되어 근무하던 중 2002. 11. 29. 참가인 교회로부터 2002. 11. 30.자로 업무불성실, 상사에 대한 폭언, 위계질서 문란 및 무단결근 등의 이유로 징계해고 되었다. 나. 원고는 2002. 12. 24. 참가인 교회의 징계해고처분이 부당해고라고 주장하면서 경북지방노동위원회에 구제신청을 하였고, 이에 경북지방노동위원회는 2003. 2. 12. D로 참가인 교회의 징계해고처분이 정당하다는 이유로 원고의
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\ubc0f \ubb34\ub2e8\uacb0\uadfc \ub4f1\uc758 \uc774\uc720\ub85c 2002. 11. 30.\uc790\ub85c \uc9d5\uacc4\ud574\uace0\ub428.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2002. 12. 24. \uacbd\ubd81\uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, 2003. 2. 12. \uae30\uac01\ub428.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc7ac\uc2ec\uc744 \uc2e0\uccad\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 2003. 7. 15. \uc7ac\uc2ec\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \uae30\uac01\ud558\ub294 \uc7ac\uc2ec\ud310\uc815\uc744 \ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc7ac\uc2ec\ud310\uc815\uc774 \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uba70 \ucde8\uc18c\ub97c \uad6c\ud558\ub294 \uc18c\ub97c \uc81c\uae30\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc808\ucc28\uc758 \uc704\ubc95\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc0c1 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \uc0ac\ubb34\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\ub294 \uc2e0\uc559\uc0dd\ud65c\uc0c1\uc758 \ubc94\uc8c4\ud589\uc704\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc0c1\uc758 \uc758\ubb34\uc704\ubc18\uc744 \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c, \uad50\ud68c \ud5cc\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uad8c\uc9d5\uc7ac\ud310 \uc808\ucc28\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \uc77c\ubc18 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc808\ucc28\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc815\ub2f9\ud568.\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc9d5\uacc4\uaddc\uce59\uc774 \uc81c\uc815\ub418\uae30 \uc774\uc804\uc758 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uaddc\uce59\uc744 \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740, \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc81c\ud55c \uc5c6\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud588\ub358 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc5d0 \uc0c8\ub85c \uc81c\uc815\ub41c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc808\ucc28\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc81c\ud55c\uc774 \uac00\ud574\uc9c4 \uac83\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc9d5\uacc4\uc808\ucc28 \uc704\ubc18\uc774 \uc544\ub2d8.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**: \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \uad50\ud68c\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \uc9d5\uacc4\ud574\uace0\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uc2e0\uc559\uc0dd\ud65c\uc0c1\uc758 \ubc94\uc8c4\ud589\uc704\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc0c1\uc758 \uc758\ubb34\uc704\ubc18\uc744 \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \ud55c \uac83\uc774\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uad50\ud68c \ud5cc\ubc95\uc0c1 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uc77c\ubc18 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc808\ucc28\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uac83\uc740 \uc815\ub2f9\ud568. 2002. 8. 1. \uc81c\uc815\ub41c \uc77c\ubc18\uc9c1\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uaddc\uce59\uc740 \uc0c1\uc704 \uad50\ud68c\uaddc\uc815\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uc138\ubd80\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uaddc\uc815\ud558\uace0 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\ub97c \uad6c\uccb4\ud654\ud55c \uac83\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud558\uc5ec, \uc81c\uc815 \uc774\uc804\uc758 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\ud574\ub3c4 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc808\ucc28 \uc704\ubc18\uc774 \uc544\ub2d8.\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc874\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc0c1\uae09\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud3ed\uc5b8, \ub2f4\uc784\ubaa9\uc0ac \uc9c0\uc2dc \ubd88\uc774\ud589 \ubc0f \ud56d\uba85, \ud5c8\uc704\uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc720\ud3ec, \uc9c1\uc7a5 \ub0b4 \uc9c8\uc11c \ubb38\ub780 \ud589\uc704 \ub4f1\uc740 \uc9c1\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uc9d5\uacc4\ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \ub418\ub294 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc784.\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \uc5f0\ucc28\uc720\uae09\ud734\uac00\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uccad\uad6c\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uc2dc\uae30\uc5d0 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \uc0ac\uc5c5 \uc6b4\uc601\uc5d0 \uc2ec\ub300\ud55c \uc9c0\uc7a5\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub9cc \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \ubcc0\uacbd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc5f0\ucc28\uc720\uae09\ud734\uac00 \uc2e0\uccad \ud6c4 \uacb0\uadfc\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \ubb34\ub2e8\uacb0\uadfc\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 **\uc0c1\uae09\uc790\uc778 \ubd80\ubaa9\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc218\ucc28\ub840 \ud3ed\uc5b8**, **\ub2f4\uc784\ubaa9\uc0ac \uc9c0\uc2dc \ubd88\uc774\ud589 \ubc0f \ud56d\uba85**(\ub178\ud06c \uc9c0\uc2dc \ud6c4 \ubb38\uc744 \uac15\ud558\uac8c \ub450\ub4dc\ub9ac\uace0 \ud56d\uba85\uc131 \ubb38\uad6c \ubd80\ucc29), **H \uc7a5\ub85c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud5c8\uc704\uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc720\ud3ec \ubc0f \uc18c\ub780 \ud589\uc704**, **\uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \uc5bc\uad74\uc5d0 \uce7c\uc744 \uc50c\uc6b4 \ud569\uc131\uc0ac\uc9c4 \uc720\ud3ec \ud589\uc704** \ub4f1\uc740 \ubaa8\ub450 \uad50\ud68c \uc0ac\ubb34\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc9c1\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\ub300\uc0c1 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc784.\n- \ub2e4\ub9cc, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 2002. 8. 1.\ubd80\ud130 2002. 9. 3.\uae4c\uc9c0 \ucd9c\uadfc\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud55c \uac83\uc740 **\uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c47\uc870, \uc81c48\uc870 \ubc0f \uac19\uc740\ubc95\uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uc81c30\uc870**\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc5f0\u00b7\uc6d4\ucc28\uc720\uae09\ud734\uac00\ub97c \uc2dc\uae30\uc9c0\uc815\uad8c\uc744 \ud589\uc0ac\ud558\uc5ec \ud734\uac00\uae30\uac04\uc744 \ud2b9\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \uc2e0\uccad\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c, \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uc0ac\uc5c5 \uc6b4\uc601\uc5d0 \uc2ec\ub300\ud55c \uc9c0\uc7a5\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc774\uc0c1 **\ubb34\ub2e8\uacb0\uadfc\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.**\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c47\uc870 (\uc5f0\ucc28\uc720\uae09\ud734\uac00)\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c48\uc870 (\uc6d4\ucc28\uc720\uae09\ud734\uac00)\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uc81c30\uc870 (\uc5f0\ucc28\uc720\uae09\ud734\uac00)\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\uc815\uc131\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uacfc \uc131\uc9c8, \uc9d5\uacc4\ub300\uc0c1\uc790\uc758 \ud3c9\uc18c \uadfc\ubb34\ud0dc\ub3c4, \uc9d5\uacc4\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \ubd88\uc774\uc775 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \ubc94\uc704 \ub0b4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc838\uc57c \ud568. \ud2b9\ud788 \uc2e0\uc559\uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\uc778 \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131\uc0c1 \uad6c\uc131\uc6d0 \uac04\uc758 \uc874\uc911\uacfc \uc2e0\ub8b0, \uad50\uc5ed\uc790\uc640 \uc0ac\ubb34\uc7a5 \uac04\uc758 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4 \uc720\uc9c0\uac00 \uc911\uc694\ud568.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \uad50\ud68c\ub294 \uc2e0\uc559\uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\ub85c\uc11c \uad6c\uc131\uc6d0\ub4e4 \uc0c1\ud638\uac04\uc758 \uc874\uc911 \ubc0f \uc2e0\ub8b0\uac00 \uc77c\ubc18 \uc9d1\ub2e8\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \uc694\uad6c\ub428.\n- \uad50\ud68c \uc0ac\ubb34\uc7a5\uc758 \uc8fc\ub41c \uc784\ubb34\ub294 \uad50\uc5ed\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \ubaa9\ud68c\ud65c\ub3d9\uc774 \uc6d0\ud65c\ud788 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub3c4\ub85d \ub2f4\uc784\ubaa9\uc0ac \ub4f1 \uad50\uc5ed\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc\ub97c \ubc1b\uc544 \uad50\ud68c \uc77c\ubc18 \ud589\uc815\uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \uc870\uc815\ud558\uace0 \ubcf4\uc870\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c, \uad50\uc5ed\uc790\ub4e4\uacfc\uc758 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4 \uc720\uc9c0\uac00 \uc808\ub300\uc801\uc784.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0ac\ubb34\uc7a5 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0 **\ub2f4\uc784\ubaa9\uc0ac\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc\uc0ac\ud56d\uc5d0 \ubd88\ub9cc\uc744 \ud45c\uc2dc\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ub300\ud56d\ud558\uace0, \uc0c1\uae09\uc790\uc778 \ubd80\ubaa9\uc0ac \ub4f1 \uad50\uc5ed\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc218\ucc28\ub840 \ud3ed\uc5b8\uc744 \ud558\uace0 \ub178\uace8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd88\ub9cc\uc744 \ud45c\uc2dc\ud568.**\n- \ube44\ub85d \ubb34\ub2e8\uacb0\uadfc\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ub41c \ubd80\ubd84\uc774 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 **\uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \uc0c1\uc0ac \uc9c0\uc2dc \ubd88\uc774\ud589 \ubc0f \ud3ed\uc5b8 \ud589\uc704\ub294 \uc2e0\uc559\uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\uc778 \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uc9c8\uc11c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uc704\ud574\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9**\ud558\uba70, \uc774\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \uad50\ud68c \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc744 \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uae68\uc5b4\uc84c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ub428.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \ube44\uc704\uc0ac\uc2e4\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \ubc94\uc704 \ub0b4\uc758 \uc870\uce58\uc784.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \ud2b9\uc218\uc131\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 \ubc0f \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\uc784. \ud2b9\ud788 \uc2e0\uc559\uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uad50\ud68c\uac00 \uac00\uc9c0\ub294 \uc704\uacc4\uc9c8\uc11c\uc640 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \uc5f0\ucc28\uc720\uae09\ud734\uac00 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uad8c\ub9ac\ub97c \uc874\uc911\ud558\ub294 \uc785\uc7a5\uc744 \ucde8\ud558\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4, \ub2e4\ub978 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uac00 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \ub4b7\ubc1b\uce68\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \uc9d5\uacc4\uaddc\uce59\uc758 \uc18c\uae09 \uc801\uc6a9 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8\uc740 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc81c\ud55c\uc774 \uac00\ud574\uc9c0\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc18c\uae09 \uc801\uc6a9\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc544, \uc9d5\uacc4\uaddc\uc815 \uc81c\uc815 \uc804\uc758 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud568."}